scholarly journals Выйти за пределы «гетто»: стигма инвалидности и попытки ее преодоления

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Елена Эдуардовна Носенко-Штейн
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Acquired Disability ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Disability Culture ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Depth Interviews

В научной литературе ведутся споры о существовании культуры или субкультуры инвалидности. Однако не вызывает сомнений, что у людей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья формируются особые стили жизни, обусловленные не только наличием того или иного заболевания или нарушений функций организма, но и восприятием инвалидности как социокультурного феномена в конкретном обществе, а также стигматизацией людей с инвалидностью как социальной группы. Опираясь на свои полевые материалы, а также тексты автобиографических сочинений, автор показывает, каким образом в России складывается социокультурное «инвалидное гетто» – замкнутая среда, в котором люди с ограниченными возможностями здоровья часто учатся, работают, общаются. Отмечается, что такой стиль жизни характерен прежде всего для инвалидов детства. В статье также рассматриваются жизненные стратегии тех, кто получил статус инвалида во взрослом возрасте и кто пытается выйти за пределы «замкнутой» среды. Автор видит причины подобного обособления в низком статусе людей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья, а также в стигматизации инвалидности, глубоко укорененной в российском обществе и культуре. There are scholarly discussions about the so-called disability culture / subcultures. However, nobody doubts that there are specific lifestyles of disabled persons determined not only by their illness, dysfunction or disability, but also by the perception of disability as a social and cultural phenomenon in various societies in particular historical and cultural contexts. These lifestyles are also much impacted by the stigmatization of disability which exists in many societies. The author examines problems of the so-called sociocultural “ghetto” for disabled people in Russia. Drawing on her field materials – texts of in-depth interviews and analysis of autobiographies, she demonstrates the process of construction of this subculture in which disabled people often live. This lifestyle is mostly typical for persons with innate disability. The author also investigates life experience of people with acquired disability who try to escape life in the “ghetto” and who experience other problems. E. Nosenko-Stein sees the cause of this “ghetto” construction in the stigmatization of disability, which is profoundly rooted in Russian society and culture.

Imperial ambitions of Russians

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Kasamara ◽  
Anna Sorokina
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Great Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Political Studies ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Society Project

This article is based on the findings of the Political Ideas of Russian Society project realized by the Laboratory for Political Studies since 2008. The Laboratory has already conducted about 1000 in-depth interviews with respondents of various age cohorts and various social–economic statuses. All respondents demonstrated the Great Power pathos formed by two basic components — Russia is a great power and/or nostalgia of the lost Soviet might — serves the leitmotiv of authoritarian sentiments.

Overcoming Disabilities Through Sports: The Inspiring Story of Rahul Ramugade

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-332
Author(s):  
Aniruddha Sen
Keyword(s):  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Health Infrastructure

Parasports, and sports for disabled persons, has been a lesser known area in India, with all efforts to support disabled individuals focusing on broader social and health infrastructure inputs and employment avenues. This article looks at how sports for disabled people (parasports) can be a powerful enabler and tool for empowerment, through the journey of Rahul Ramugade, a Mumbai-based parasportsperson who has been part of the national wheelchair cricket team, and has also formed and led the Mumbai Wheelchair Cricket team.

Emergency numbers accessibility for disabled peoples’: Case of the Islamic Republic of Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-544
Author(s):  
Vahid Ghanbari, PhD ◽  
Ali Ardalan, MD, PhD ◽  
Amir Nejati, MD ◽  
Leili Rostamnia, PhD ◽  
Ghasem Mousavi, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medical Service ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Message System

Introduction: An emergency is a serious, unexpected situation which may lead to injury, loss of life and damage to property and often needs urgent interventions. Emergency calls can bring urgent life-saving intervention in such situations. Although access to emergency lines for all persons of a society is one of the effectiveness indexes of this critical service, in most countries, these lines are not accessible for disabled people.Case presentation: This study examined the issue of emergency number accessibility for disabled people in the I.R. of Iran. Two persons who had been poisoned by carbon monoxide died because their deaf-mute father could not communicate with the Emergency Medical Service Center (EMSC). This led to the Emergency Medical Service Management Center (EMSMC), in collaboration with Iranian Society of Deaf People Family (ISDPF), developing a system that is a combination of short message system (SMS) and location-based information (LBI) to facilitate the communication of such disabled persons with EMSMCs. The system did not receive any emergency message until this report is provided. Conclusion: Because emergency call service has not been available for disabled people in Iran until now, emergency service organizations should take a proactive approach in developing a reliable and easy to use a method with the current technologies. These organizations should also provide information about the installed systems for end-users.

scholarly journals AUTOMATED INTELLIGENT RELAY COUPLED DOOR CONTROL SYSTEM USING ANDROID MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

2015 ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
A.RAJESH KUMAR ◽  
C. DINESH ◽  
R. ARAVIND ◽  
SRIKRISHNA. C ◽  
PL. NAGARTHINAM
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Technology ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smart Homes ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Door Lock ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency

The purpose of this project is to increase the knowledge of technology and services of smart homes for disabled people. There is a clear need for such new knowledge since the number of disabled people is significant. Indeed, new technologies and services of smart homes have the potential to increase effectiveness and efficiency of caring disabled. With right solutions there is a great potential to increase disabled persons' quality of life. The need for the development of such technologies and services increases due to the disabled individuals' desire to remain independent in their own homes, the increasing costs of health care, and the aging of the population. This article discusses the concept of secured door lock/unlock system for the differently able. The juxtaposition of safety vs. privacy can be alleviated with this technology. Moreover, as there is need to assist disabled to protect them from various forms of abuse, and prevent immoderation of pleasure giving activities.

scholarly journals KONSTRUKSI NILAI MULTIKULTURALISME PADA MASYARAKAT HAURGEULIS KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Suciyadi Ramdhani
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Job Skills ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Observational Techniques ◽  
Depth Interviews

Tulisan ini menjelaskan proses pembentukan nilai multikulturalisme pada masyarakat Haurgeulis, Indramayu yang dikaji melalui metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik pengamatan terlibat, wawancara mendalam, dan studi literatur. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kehidupan multikultural di Haurgeulis dibentuk oleh empat kelompok etnik pendatang: Jawa, Sunda, Arab, dan Tionghoa di awal abad ke-20. Setiap kelompok etnik memiliki keahliannya masing-masing, seperti pertanian yang didominasi keturunan Jawa dan Sunda, sebagaimana keturunan Arab dan Tionghoa di bidang perdagangan. Adanya keahlian pekerjaan membentuk hubungan antaretnik menjadi saling ketergantungan dalam kehidupan ekonomi. Dengan saling ketergantungan, masyarakat di Haurgeulis menunjukkan sikap penerimaan dan tidak diskriminatif kepada liyannya. Pengalaman hidup bersama tersebut semakin membentuk nilai-nilai multikulturalisme pada masyarakat Haurgeulis. This paper describes the process of value creation of multiculturalism in Haurgeulis Indramayu society which is studied through qualitative method. The Data is collected through observational techniques, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. The results show that multicultural life in Haurgeulis was formed by four ethnic groups of immigrants: Java, Sunda, Arabian and Chinese in the early 20th century. Each ethnic group has its own expertise, such as agriculture that dominated by Javanese and Sundanese descent, while the Arab and Chinese descendants of trade. The existence of job skills forms inter-ethnic relations into interdependence in economic life. With interdependence, people in Haurgeulis shows acceptance and non-discriminatory attitude to the others. Life experience in living together increasingly shapes the values of multiculturalism in Haurgeulis society.

Black Men's Perceptions of Divorce-Related Stressors and Strategies for Coping With Divorce

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERMA JEAN LAWSON ◽  
AARON THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Black Men ◽  
Child Support ◽  
Marital Dissolution ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Heterosexual Relationships ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Depth Interviews

The divorce rate among Blacks in the United States has increased significantly in recent years. Consequently, an increasing number of Black men confront problems associated with adjusting to divorce. Using data from in-depth interviews, we identify factors that working-class/middle-class Black men perceive to cause significant stress following divorce and we examine strategies that they use to reestablish their lives. The results show that Black men confront the following divorce-related stressors: (a) financial strain, (b) noncustodial parenting, (c) child-support stressors, and (d) psychological as well as physiological distress. The findings suggest that divorced Black men experience profound postdivorce psychological distress. The data further indicate that Black men employ the following strategies to cope with the stress of marital dissolution: (a) reliance on family and friends, (b) involvement in church-related activities, (c) participation in social activities, and (d) establishment of intimate heterosexual relationships 1 year after divorce. These findings indicate that postdivorce adjustment should be scrutinized within relevant social-cultural contexts.

To the question about problems in the fi eld of vocational rehabilitation of the disabled

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Y. A. Kulikova ◽  
A. V. Kornienko ◽  
G. V. Jukevich
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
The State ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article deals with issues related to the problem of vocational rehabilitation of disabled people. The competence of the Russian Federation in the fi eld of rehabilitation of disabled persons in the person of its Federal authorities and management, subjects of the Russian Federation and local self-government bodies is specifi ed. The content of such concepts as "services for professional rehabilitation of disabled people" in accordance with the state standard GOST R 53873-2010 Rehabilitation of disabled people is disclosed. Professional rehabilitation services for the disabled; "professional rehabilitation program" and "options for professional rehabilitation". Despite the fact that professional rehabilitation and adaptation in the workplace is an integral part of the state policy in the fi eld of social protection of persons with disabilities, there are many unresolved problems and diffi culties in this area.

Processes of Shaming

2018 ◽  
pp. 263-280
Author(s):  
Nandini Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Cultural Assumptions ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Ideologies ◽  
Policy Frameworks ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Depth Interviews

Ableism is entrenched in all societies and cultures, and reveals itself in the cultural inclination towards normalcy. The ‘norm’ reflects the cultural reproduction of ableism, by drawing boundaries around those bodies that transgress able-bodied whiteness. Emotions, as normative evaluative judgements, help in understanding social relationships within both macro and micro contexts. In the case of disability, emotions make the exclusion of some bodies acceptable through a process of othering, by devaluing and debasing certain identity groups. Public policy discourses on disability frequently reference emotions such as shame or pity to describe the lived experience of disabled people. In India, laws and policies around disability have largely been influenced by the ableist socio-cultural ideologies, drawing on cultural assumptions and dominant power equations. This paper seeks to elaborate the processes whereby persons with impairments are socialised into accepting their own bodies as “deviant/impaired” and consequently experience shame and stigma in society. This paper uses qualitative case studies of men and women with different disabilities in India to reflect on how pity, disgust and shame, influenced by socio-cultural ideologies, operate within interpersonal interactions to ensure that disabled people remain othered in everyday life processes. The socio-cultural ideologies around disability and impairments have been evinced through focus groups discussion by mostly nondisabled people and in-depth interviews with key informants. The paper will illustrate how disabled people experience internalised oppression, a phenomenon that has hitherto remained unaddressed by policy frameworks in India. The paper will finally reflect on the ways in which disability policy in India has failed to address both the structural barriers and the socio-cultural attitudes that underpin the process of disabilism.

scholarly journals ParticipaTIC: Lessons from developing accessible on-line training for disabled people’s leaders

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Cuenot ◽  
W Sherlaw
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Speech Synthesis ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
On Line ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Inclusive Society

Abstract The ParticipaTIC Erasmus+ project led by the EHESP School of Public Health in partnership with disability organizations and associations from France, Belgium, Switzerland, and Romania has co-designed an accessible digital platform. In line with the 2010-2020 European strategy and the United Nations Convention on the rights of disabled persons we aim to strengthen the competences of the leaders of disabled persons’ organizations to defend the rights of disabled people, and to develop participation. ParticipaTIC offers 4 modules on ‘What is disability?’, ‘Competencies for disability organization leaders’, ‘the United Nations Convention’ and ‘How to carry out a local accessibility analysis’. Different contrasts, font size, speech synthesis, captioned videos and content summaries in ‘Easy to read and understand’ French are available together with a cloned platform in Romanian and English. Two guides have also been produced on 1) on-line accessibility and 2) co-constructing an on-line accessible platform. Beyond the deliverables, adapting on-line instruction to the different capacities of people with disabilities raises many issues. New competencies for accessible design are needed. Tradeoffs between content, pedagogical style and accessibility seem inevitable. On-line activities need adaptations but these may be complex and costly. Taken-for-granted assumptions about what is attractive, and well-designed are called into question when designing for people with visual, auditory, and intellectual impairments. Lessons from ParticipaTIC are remarkably similar to those of participatory thinking design: advance in small steps, evaluating successive design phases with people with disabilities for fitness of purpose. Ultimately trainers need to redesign themselves to take into account unsuspected worlds, those of our fellow citizens with different capacities. Important lessons beyond the world of on-line instruction for the building of a truly inclusive society have emerged.

scholarly journals The Shifting Risk of Homelessness among Persons with a Disability: Insights from a National Policy Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6512
Author(s):  
Andrew Beer ◽  
Lyrian Daniel ◽  
Emma Baker ◽  
Laurence Lester
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Disability Insurance ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Household Panel Data

Persons with a disability are at a far higher risk of homelessness than those without. The economic, social and health challenges faced by disabled people are addressed, in Australia, by the recently implemented National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS). Using nationally representative, longitudinal household panel data, we construct the Index of Relative Homelessness Risk (IRHR) to track how the risk of homelessness for disabled persons has changed since the introduction of the NDIS. We find that, overall, fewer persons with a disability face moderate risk of homelessness but that many more face high risk. We conclude that the NDIS has not effectively protected disabled people from the risk of homelessness. We reflect on the implications of these findings for policy interventions.

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