scholarly journals Unchaining Collective Intelligence for Science, Research, and Technology Development by Blockchain-Boosted Community Participation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ducrée ◽  
Martin Etzrodt ◽  
Sönke Bartling ◽  
Ray Walshe ◽  
Tomás Harrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Secondary Markets ◽  
Education Assessment ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Liquid Democracy ◽  
Organization Of Science

Since its launch just over a decade ago by the cryptocurrency Bitcoin, the distributed ledger technology (DLT) blockchain has followed a breathtaking trajectory into manifold application spaces. This study aper analyses how key factors underpinning the success of this ground-breaking “Internet of value” technology, such as staking of collateral (“skin in the game”), competitive crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, and prediction markets, can be applied to substantially innovate the legacy organization of science, research, and technology development (RTD). Here, we elaborate a highly integrative, community-based strategy where a token-based crypto-economy supports finding best possible consensus, trust, and truth by adding unconventional elements known from reputation systems, betting, secondary markets, and social networking. These tokens support the holder’s formalized reputation and are used in liquid-democracy style governance and arbitration within projects or community-driven initiatives. This participatory research model serves as a solid basis for comprehensively leveraging collective intelligence by effectively incentivizing contributions from the crowd, such as intellectual property work, validation, assessment, infrastructure, education, assessment, governance, publication, and promotion of projects. On the analogy of its current blockbusters like peer-to-peer structured decentralized finance (“DeFi”), blockchain technology can seminally enhance the efficiency of science and RTD initiatives, even permitting to fully stage operations as a chiefless decentralized autonomous organization (DAOs).

scholarly journals Using Blockchain Technology to Foster Collaboration among Shippers and Carriers in the Trucking Industry: A Design Science Research Approach

Logistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Serkan Alacam ◽  
Asli Sencer
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Trucking Industry ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Storage Solutions ◽  
Sustainability Problems ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Industry Professionals

In the global trucking industry, vertical collaboration between shippers and carriers is attained by intermediaries, called brokers. Brokers organize carriers for a shipper in accordance with its quality and price requirements, and support carriers to collaborate horizontally by sharing a large distribution order from a shipper. Brokers also act as trustees, preventing the passing of private information of any party to the others. Despite these benefits, intermediaries in the trucking industry are involved in several sustainability problems, including high costs, high levels of carbon emissions, high percentages of empty miles, low-capacity utilizations, and driver shortages. Several studies have acknowledged the importance of improving collaboration to address these problems. Obviously, the major concern of brokers is not collaboration, but rather to optimize their own gains. This paper investigates the potential of blockchain technology to improve collaboration in the trucking industry, by eliminating brokers while preserving their responsibilities as organizers and trustees. This paper extends the transportation control tower concept from the logistics literature, and presents a system architecture for its implementation through smart contracts on a blockchain network. In the proposed system, the scalability and privacy of trucking operations are ensured through integration with privacy-preserving off-chain computation and storage solutions (running outside of the blockchain). The potential of this design artifact for fostering collaboration in the trucking industry was evaluated by both blockchain technology experts and trucking industry professionals.

scholarly journals FORECASTING OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN ECONOMY: ACCOUNTING POINT OF VIEW

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
L. Shkulipa
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Hype Cycle ◽  
Predictive Assessment ◽  
Further Development

In the article the importance of blockchain technology in the economy and predicting its development from the accounting point of view was investigated. The methods used in the study are based on the analysis of literature related to disclosure issues and a description of existing blockchain claims on the world stage. On the basis of this, a predictive assessment of the considered results for the further development of blockchain technology in the economy, its impact on accounting and the profession of accountant was made. The findings include the positive and negative effects of blockchain technology on the medical and banking sectors, information technology, the financial sector, and accounting. The blockchain in the hype cycle was considered as a phenomenon that all new technologies undergo before stable existing or disappearing. Based on the consideration of the most famous blockchain projects with the combination of Big Data, the estimation of the development technologies of Blockchain and Big Data in finance was discussed. This study suggests to consider blockchain technology as (1) a new way of sending and processing invoices, documents, contracts, and payments, reducing errors, costs and transaction time; (2) a path to financial equality through affordability; (3) investments in the local economy so that developing countries can grow significantly; (4) updating the currency market and the international monetary and financial transaction system; (5) a major breakthrough in the economy together with the Big Data technology.

scholarly journals An Exploration into People’s Perception and Intention on using Cryptocurrencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-144
Author(s):  
Jake McMorrow ◽  
Mona Seyed Esfahani
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Financial Intermediaries ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Effort Expectancy ◽  
Data Transparency

Abstract The cryptocurrency market has been described as revolutionary due to the constant technological evolution and innovation that the blockchain technology provides. Leading many to believe that this could be the next step for the human race, just like how fiat currency replaced gold. Cryptocurrencies were originally created to be a form of savings or income for the unbanked, reduce costs and energy consumption, for a means of data transparency and to remove financial intermediaries. It is undeniable that the cryptocurrency market has created a divide of opinions, as some look to explore the market further while others reject the thought of adopting this innovative technology completely. This study focuses on the perception and intention to use cryptocurrencies. Diving into previous literature about the adoption of cryptocurrencies and new technologies. Highlighting key factors that can affect an individual’s perception and gaps in the literature that need to be explored further. A quantitative approach was used to gather data from 102 participants. The findings indicated that performance and effort expectancy as the most influential variables for cryptocurrency adoption, as people seek understanding as what benefits cryptocurrencies can provide for them when they feel incapable of using the innovative technology.

scholarly journals Blockchain technology in commercial real estate transactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 570-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Pieter Wouda ◽  
Raymond Opdenakker
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Commercial Real Estate ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Transaction Process ◽  
Current Transaction ◽  
Pain Points

Purpose The transaction process of an office building is known to be time consuming and inefficient, in part due to the lack of market transparency. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the development of a blockchain application that can improve the transaction process of office buildings in the Netherlands. Design/methodology/approach Conducting design science research, the current transaction process of an office building and status quo of blockchain technology in real estate is investigated. Subsequently, multiple parties are interviewed to define major pain points within the process. The interview findings are used to design a blockchain solution which overcomes the aforementioned pain points. After designing, the interviewees are asked again to pragmatically validate the proposed model. Findings One of the major pain points identified concerning the transaction process of an office building is that it is difficult to define the characteristics of a property, due to lack of data structure and quality. The proposed application improves the way specific assets are understood by structuring physical and contractual information in one place and guarantees the quality of the data by using the blockchain mechanisms. Practical implications A blockchain application is proposed, which can improve the transaction process of an office building. Originality/value Recent studies indicate that blockchain technology could lead to improvements in efficiency, transparency and therefore trust within the transaction process. Therefore, the proposed application is of value for the future of real estate data management and the transaction process.

The Importance of Work in an Age of Uncertainty

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Blustein
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Major Conclusion ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Psychological View ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Pain Distress ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

This book provides a deeply psychological view of working in America with the intention of transforming existing assumptions and policies about work. At its best, working can provide a powerful sense of aliveness and meaning in our lives; yet, working can also be the source of psychic pain, distress, and despair. The book uses psychological and social science research in conjunction with qualitative analyses of 58 in-depth interviews with adults from across the country who were working or struggling to find work. This book explores the various ways in which working serves to sustain a sense of aliveness, including being able to survive and thrive, connect with others, contribute to something greater than ourselves, be the best we can be, being able to care for others, and being able to work without oppression and harassment. A major conclusion of this book is that the workplace in America is eroding across many dimensions, leaving people feeling untethered and insecure about their futures, with many people feeling anxious and very distressed. Recommendations for individual and community-based adaptations are described along with suggestions for public policy reforms, including efforts to infuse human rights into the workplace, create more sustainable working conditions, and develop supportive structures in society and the economy that allow all people to engage in decent and dignified work.

scholarly journals HOME AND COMMUNITY-BASED CARE FOR A DIVERSE AND GROWING POPULATION: WORKFORCE POLICY AND PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S441-S441
Author(s):  
Kezia Scales ◽  
Jodi M Sturgeon ◽  
Lisa I Iezzoni ◽  
Robert Espinoza ◽  
Stephen Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Financing Policies ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Workforce Policy ◽  
Home Care Workers

Abstract Most Americans would prefer to continue living in their homes and communities as they age, even when they require support with daily activities due to illness or disability. Much of this support is provided by unpaid caregivers, but the paid home care workforce also plays an essential role. Due to demographic changes and poor job quality, however, the home and community-based services (HCBS) sector is struggling to attract and retain enough workers to meet demand. Drawing from an extensive analysis of HCBS in the United States, this paper examines key factors impacting the home care workforce, including: supply and demand trends; financing policies; service-delivery models; and policies and practices defining workers’ compensation, training, and career development. From these findings, we provide recommendations for addressing the home care workforce crisis and maximizing home care workers’ contribution to the delivery of high-quality supports for a growing and evolving population of HCBS consumers.

Up Close: Centra Nacional de Microelectrónica

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-61
Author(s):  
E. Lora-Tamayo ◽  
M.D. Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Technological Research ◽  
Education Industry ◽  
Science Ministry

The Spanish National Microelectronics Center (Centra Nacional de Microelectrónica or CNM), a nonprofit R&D institute, was established in 1985 through the joint efforts of the General Directorate of Science (Ministry of Education) and the General Directorate of Electronics and Computer Science (Ministry of Industry and Energy).As a scientific research center, the CNM belongs to the Spanish Science Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientifícas, CSIC), but differs from other CSIC centers in two ways. CNM is a direct spinoff of a nationwide scientific and technological research program (Programa Nacional de Microelectrónica), and it has its own board of trustees with representatives from different ministries (Education, Industry and Energy, Defense, and Communications); from the local governments of Catalonia, Andalusia, and Madrid; and from microelectronics-related industries.CNM's activities are channeled toward promoting microelectronics in Spain through scientific and technological research on the design and fabrication of integrated circuits, electronic devices, and related materials, while providing technological support for industry and university research groups. The global objectives are as follows:∎ Establishment of stable quasi-industrial technologies in technological niches that permit good interaction between CNM and industry. Among those niches, fixed by Spain's national industrial policy, are application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), power devices, semiconductor sensors, and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technologies and associated devices.∎ Startup of precise technological processes or new IC design techniques through cooperative research projects with industry and/or university groups that involve carrying out research and technology development tasks, renewing established technologies, and the continuing training of researchers.

scholarly journals Development of a culturally and linguistically sensitive virtual reality educational platform to improve vaccine acceptance within a refugee population: the SHIFA community engagement-public health innovation programme

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e051184
Author(s):  
Samantha Streuli ◽  
Najla Ibrahim ◽  
Alia Mohamed ◽  
Manupriya Sharma ◽  
Markie Esmailian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Somali Refugees ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Research Technology ◽  
Refugee Community

ObjectivesTo combat misinformation, engender trust and increase health literacy, we developed a culturally and linguistically appropriate virtual reality (VR) vaccination education platform using community-engaged approaches within a Somali refugee community.DesignCommunity-based participatory research (CBPR) methods including focus group discussions, interviews, and surveys were conducted with Somali community members and expert advisors to design the educational content. Co-design approaches with community input were employed in a phased approach to develop the VR storyline.Participants60 adult Somali refugees and seven expert advisors who specialise in healthcare, autism research, technology development and community engagement.SettingSomali refugees participated at the offices of a community-based organisation, Somali Family Service, in San Diego, California and online. Expert advisors responded to surveys virtually.ResultsWe find that a CBPR approach can be effectively used for the co-design of a VR educational programme. Additionally, cultural and linguistic sensitivities can be incorporated within a VR educational programme and are essential factors for effective community engagement. Finally, effective VR utilisation requires flexibility so that it can be used among community members with varying levels of health and technology literacy.ConclusionWe describe using community co-design to create a culturally and linguistically sensitive VR experience promoting vaccination within a refugee community. Our approach to VR development incorporated community members at each step of the process. Our methodology is potentially applicable to other populations where cultural sensitivities and language are common health education barriers.

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