scholarly journals Germ–Somatic Cell Interactions Are Involved in Establishing the Follicle Reserve in Mammals

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Rodrigues ◽  
Darlene Limback ◽  
Lynda McGinnis ◽  
Mónica Marques ◽  
Juan Aibar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Ovarian Development ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Oocyte Competence ◽  
Human Fertility ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Oocyte Differentiation

Mammalian females are born with a finite reserve of ovarian follicles, the functional units of the ovary. Building an ovarian follicle involves a complex interaction between multiple cell types, of which the oocyte germ cell and the somatic granulosa cells play a major role. Germ–somatic cell interactions are modulated by factors of different cell origins that influence ovarian development. In early development, failure in correct germ–somatic cell communication can cause abnormalities in ovarian development. These abnormalities can lead to deficient oocyte differentiation, to a diminished ovarian follicle reserve, and consequently to early loss of fertility. However, oocyte–granulosa cell communication is also extremely important for the acquisition of oocyte competence until ovulation. In this paper, we will visit the establishment of follicle reserve, with particular emphasis in germ–somatic cell interactions, and their importance for human fertility.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Action of MiRNAs and LncRNAs in Extracellular Vesicle in Atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Yu-Qing Ni ◽  
You-Shuo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Communication ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Myocardial Infarctions ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Intercellular Communications ◽  
Progression Of Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis, a complex chronic inflammatory disease, involves multiple alterations of diverse cells, including endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), platelets, and even mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Globally, it is a common cause of morbidity as well as mortality. It leads to myocardial infarctions, stroke and disabling peripheral artery disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived membranous structures that secreted by multiple cell types and play a central role in cell-to-cell communication by delivering various bioactive cargos, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Emerging evidence demonstrated that miRNAs and lncRNAs in EVs are tightly associated with the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. In this review, we will outline and compile the cumulative roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs encapsulated in EVs derived from diverse cells in the progression of atherosclerosis. We also discuss intercellular communications via EVs. In addition, we focused on clinical applications and evaluation of miRNAs and lncRNAs in EVs as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals ICELLNET: a transcriptome-based framework to dissect intercellular communication

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floriane Noël ◽  
Lucile Massenet-Regad ◽  
Irit Carmi-Levy ◽  
Antonio Cappuccio ◽  
Maximilien Grandclaudon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Cancer Associated Fibroblast ◽  
Receptor Interactions ◽  
Biological Interpretation ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Multiple Cell

AbstractCell-to-cell communication can be inferred from ligand-receptor expression in cell transcriptomic datasets. However, important challenges remain: 1) global integration of cell-to-cell communication, 2) biological interpretation, and 3) application to individual cell population transcriptomic profiles. We developed ICELLNET, a transcriptomic-based framework integrating: 1) an original expert-curated database of ligand-receptor interactions accounting for multiple subunits expression, 2) quantification of communication scores, 3) the possibility to connect a cell population of interest with 31 reference human cell types (BioGPS), and 4) three visualization modes to facilitate biological interpretation. We applied ICELLNET to uncover different communication in breast cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) subsets. ICELLNET also revealed autocrine IL-10 as a switch to control human dendritic cell communication with up to 12 other cell types, four of which were experimentally validated. In summary, ICELLNET is a global, versatile, biologically validated, and easy-to-use framework to dissect cell communication from single or multiple cell-based transcriptomic profile(s).

scholarly journals Predicting cell-to-cell communication networks using NATMI

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Hou ◽  
Elena Denisenko ◽  
Huan Ting Ong ◽  
Jordan A. Ramilowski ◽  
Alistair R. R. Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Multicellular Interactions ◽  
Autocrine Signalling ◽  
Different Cell Types

Abstract Development of high throughput single-cell sequencing technologies has made it cost-effective to profile thousands of cells from diverse samples containing multiple cell types. To study how these different cell types work together, here we develop NATMI (Network Analysis Toolkit for Multicellular Interactions). NATMI uses connectomeDB2020 (a database of 2293 manually curated ligand-receptor pairs with literature support) to predict and visualise cell-to-cell communication networks from single-cell (or bulk) expression data. Using multiple published single-cell datasets we demonstrate how NATMI can be used to identify (i) the cell-type pairs that are communicating the most (or most specifically) within a network, (ii) the most active (or specific) ligand-receptor pairs active within a network, (iii) putative highly-communicating cellular communities and (iv) differences in intercellular communication when profiling given cell types under different conditions. Furthermore, analysis of the Tabula Muris (organism-wide) atlas confirms our previous prediction that autocrine signalling is a major feature of cell-to-cell communication networks, while also revealing that hundreds of ligands and their cognate receptors are co-expressed in individual cells suggesting a substantial potential for self-signalling.

scholarly journals Microfluidic system-based time-course tracking of physical proximity between cells and its effect on gene expression for elucidating live single cancer-immune cell interactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca C.T Flores ◽  
Smriti Chawla ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Chad Sanada ◽  
Praveen Kumar Kujur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Cell Cell

Cell-cell communication and physical interactions play a vital role in cancer initiation, homeostasis, progression, and immune response. Here, we report a system that combines live capture of different cell types, co-incubation, time-lapse imaging, and gene expression profiling of doublets using a microfluidic integrated fluidic circuit (IFC) that enables measurement of physical distances between cells and the associated transcriptional profiles due to cell-cell interactions. The temporal variations in natural killer (NK) - triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell distances were tracked and compared with terminally profiled cellular transcriptomes. The results showed the time-bound activities of regulatory modules and alluded to the existence of transcriptional memory. Our experimental and bioinformatic approaches serve as a proof of concept for interrogating live cell interactions at doublet resolution, which can be applied across different cancers and cell types.

scholarly journals 412 Germ and somatic cell interactions during oocyte development and maturation

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 189-189
Author(s):  
Felipe Perecin
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Oocyte Competence ◽  
Large Molecules

Abstract Ovarian follicle development and oocyte competence acquisition is dependent upon continuous interactions between the somatic cells and the oocyte. Interactions between these cell types include bidirectional paracrine signaling and the exchange of small molecules, such and amino acids and cyclic nucleotides, through gap junctions located at the end of transzonal projections (TZPs). In the last decade, additional mechanisms of cell-to-cell interactions within the ovarian follicle were described. These mechanisms include the movement of small extracellular vesicles (EVs) within the follicular fluid and the delivery of its cargo to target cells; and the exchange of large molecules transiting from the cumulus cells to the oocytes via transzonal projections. Here, I will describe the investigations about these novel communication systems in the bovine ovarian follicle. The topics will include the content of EVs transiting in the bovine follicular fluid and its role regulating signaling pathways associated with oocyte competence, and the movement of large molecules from cumulus cell to the oocyte such as messenger RNAs and fatty acids. Finally, dysregulations of such communications mechanisms under in vitro culture conditions will also be reviewed. Emphasis will be given on the lipid metabolism in the cumulus-oocyte complex and lipid accumulation mediated by transzonal projections and fatty acid binding proteins in oocytes undergoing in vitro maturation.

Micropatterned superhydrophobic structures for the simultaneous culture of multiple cell types and the study of cell–cell communication

Biomaterials ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1757-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Efremov ◽  
Eliana Stanganello ◽  
Alexander Welle ◽  
Steffen Scholpp ◽  
Pavel A. Levkin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Communication ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Cell Cell

scholarly journals A draft network of ligand–receptor-mediated multicellular signalling in human

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan A. Ramilowski ◽  
Tatyana Goldberg ◽  
Jayson Harshbarger ◽  
Edda Kloppmann ◽  
Marina Lizio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specificity ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Signalling Network ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Autocrine Signalling ◽  
Multiple Ligand

Abstract Cell-to-cell communication across multiple cell types and tissues strictly governs proper functioning of metazoans and extensively relies on interactions between secreted ligands and cell-surface receptors. Herein, we present the first large-scale map of cell-to-cell communication between 144 human primary cell types. We reveal that most cells express tens to hundreds of ligands and receptors to create a highly connected signalling network through multiple ligand–receptor paths. We also observe extensive autocrine signalling with approximately two-thirds of partners possibly interacting on the same cell type. We find that plasma membrane and secreted proteins have the highest cell-type specificity, they are evolutionarily younger than intracellular proteins, and that most receptors had evolved before their ligands. We provide an online tool to interactively query and visualize our networks and demonstrate how this tool can reveal novel cell-to-cell interactions with the prediction that mast cells signal to monoblastic lineages via the CSF1–CSF1R interacting pair.

scholarly journals Microbe-Host Communication by Small RNAs in Extracellular Vesicles: Vehicles for Transkingdom RNA Transportation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heon-Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Interspecies Communication ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are evolutionary well-conserved nano-sized membranous vesicles that are secreted by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Recently, they have gained great attention for their proposed roles in cell-to-cell communication, and as biomarkers for human disease. In particular, small RNAs (sRNAs) contained within EVs have been considered as candidate interspecies-communication molecules, due to their demonstrated capacity to modulate gene expression in multiple cell types and species. While research into this field is in its infancy, elucidating the mechanisms that underlie host–microbe interactions and communications promises to impact many fields of biological research, including human health and medicine. Thus, this review discussed the results of recent studies that have examined the ways in which EVs and sRNAs mediate ‘microbe–host’ and ‘host–microbe’ interspecies communication.

scholarly journals Microfluidic System-based Time-course Tracking of Physical Proximity Between Cells and Its Effect on Gene Expression for Elucidating Live Single Cancer-immune Cell Interactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Flores ◽  
Smriti Chawla ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Chad Sanada ◽  
Praveen Kujur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Cell Cell

Abstract Cell-cell communication and physical interactions play a vital role in cancer initiation, homeostasis, progression, and immune response. Here, we report a system that combines live capture of different cell types, co-incubation, time-lapse imaging, and gene expression profiling of doublets using a microfluidic integrated fluidic circuit (IFC) that enables measurement of physical distances between cells and the associated transcriptional profiles due to cell-cell interactions. The temporal variations in natural killer (NK) - triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell distances were tracked and compared with terminally profiled cellular transcriptomes. The results showed the time-bound activities of regulatory modules and alluded to the existence of transcriptional memory. Our experimental and bioinformatic approaches serve as a proof of concept for interrogating live cell interactions at doublet resolution, which can be applied across different cancers and cell types.

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