scholarly journals Experience, Seniority and Gut Feeling—A Qualitative Examination of How Swedish Police Officers Perceive They Value, Evaluate and Manage Knowledge When Making Decisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Eliasson
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Police Training ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Training ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
The Us ◽  
Inductive Thematic Analysis ◽  
And Training

There is a debate in current scholarship regarding whether or not education and training is an effective tool to change police officers’ conduct. Compared to the United States, Sweden has longer training for officers who experience 2 years of academic training and 6 months of practical training. The Swedish police training is also, contrary to the American training, standardized. This paper aims to investigate how Swedish officers value, evaluate and manage knowledge when making decisions. To examine this further 27 qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 male and 13 female Swedish police officers during 2018. The interviews were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis in both English and Swedish to uncover themes and codes. Findings suggest that police officers utilize experience, seniority, and gut feeling when valuing, evaluating and managing knowledge. Furthermore, the results imply that certain types of knowledge are valued differently by officers. These findings can inform how and if education can be used as a tool to potentially change how officers in the US and other countries make their decisions.

Precarious Work and Young Workers in the United States

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne L. Kalleberg
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
The Us ◽  
Training Opportunities ◽  
And Training

This chapter discusses how the growth of precarious work and the polarization of the US labor market have produced major problems for the employment experiences of young workers. A prominent indicator of young workers’ difficulties in the labor market has been the sharp increase in their unemployment rates since the Great Recession. Another, equally if not more severe, problem faced by young workers today is the relatively low quality of the jobs that they were able to get. Other problems include the exclusion of young workers from the labor market and from education and training opportunities; the inability to find jobs that utilize their education, training, and skills; and the inability to obtain jobs that provide them with an opportunity to get a foothold in a career that would lead to progressively better jobs and thus be able to construct career narratives.

The foundations of interdisciplinary fellowship training in adolescent medicine in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrill Bravender
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fellowship Training ◽  
Board Certification ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Program Accreditation ◽  
The Us ◽  
And Training

Abstract The field of adolescent medicine, having developed from the specialty of Pediatrics, encompasses a holistic and developmental approach from its very origin. While its foundations were in medicine, early leaders in the field emphasized the importance of mental health care as well as nutrition, public health, and social justice. As the specialty became further established in the US with the creation of an academic society, board certification and training program accreditation, the interdisciplinary nature of adolescent medicine practice and training became formalized. This formal recognition brought with it strict guidelines with regards training and board certification. Despite the often Byzantinian training requirements, an interdisciplinary approach forms the core of adolescent medicine practice, and the incorporation of interdisciplinary training is a necessity for graduate medical education programs in the field of adolescent medicine.

Racial divisions will shape 2016 election outcome

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Race Relations ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
Content Type ◽  
White Voters ◽  
The Us ◽  
2016 Election ◽  
High Turnout ◽  
Poll Data

Subject Race relations and the 2016 US election. Significance Race relations have taken a central role in the 2016 US presidential election. Since the 2014 death of Michael Brown at the hands of police in Ferguson, Missouri, many subsequent police killings of African Americans have attracted national attention, a social protest movement has arisen, and two separate alleged 'revenge' attacks by gunmen in Dallas and Baton Rouge in July killed eight police officers. Both the Republican and Democratic national conventions conveyed exceptionally high levels of vitriol toward their respective opponents and an incompatibility of worldview, as illustrated by respective arguments about the state of race relations in the United States. Impacts Trump will stake his bid on high turnout and broader support from the white electorate, but may struggle with degree-holding professionals. Strong surrogates, such as Barack and Michelle Obama, will help Clinton with outreach to non-white voters. The US electorate may be older and whiter than exit poll data suggest.

scholarly journals Becoming Global Lawyers: A Comparative Study of Civic Professionalism

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
John Bliss
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Professional Identity Formation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Corporate Lawyers ◽  
Civic Professionalism ◽  
And Training

Through their professional education and training, new lawyers are generally encouraged to adopt a civic vision of professional identity. This article explores convergences and divergences in how new lawyers entering an increasingly globalized legal profession conceive of their civic roles in different national contexts. In particular, I draw on interviews and a cross-cultural identity-mapping method to examine the lived experiences of civic professionalism among corporate-lawyers-in-training in the United States and China. I found that professional identity formation in the US sample is largely marked by role distancing and a sense of constrained public-interest expression. In contrast, Chinese respondents generally identified strongly with their civic roles, while framing their public contributions in pragmatic, state-aligned terms. I conclude with a comparative analysis of young lawyers’ bottom-up efforts to expand their civic impact.

scholarly journals Training for War: Academy Socialization and Warrior Policing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Field Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
Moral Necessity ◽  
One Year ◽  
Ethnographic Field Work ◽  
Intense Debate

The role of the police in the United States is once again the topic of intense debate and contention. Central to this debate is a binary that constructs police officers as fulfilling either a protective, community-serving role, or an aggressive, crime-fighting role. The most recent iteration of this binary is reflected in the warrior-guardian construct, which conceptualizes officers as both initiators of, and defenders against, violence. In this article, I examine how the warrior-guardian framework shapes police training and highlight the way in which this construct is itself gendered and racialized. I draw on one year of ethnographic field work at four police academies and 41 interviews with police officers and cadets to argue that police training is an organized effort to condition officers to conceptualize their relationship with the public as a war. I outline three components that constitute this framing: (1) instructors construct an evil, unpredictable enemy; (2) cadets are taught to identify their enemy in gendered and racialized ways; and (3) cadets are encouraged to adopt a warrior mentality. Ultimately, I show that cadets are taught to view the world in a way that pits them against an enemy, conceptualize their enemy as a man of color, and think about violence as a moral necessity.

scholarly journals A Cross-Cultural Analysis of the COVID-19 Pandemic's Impact on Antenatal Healthcare-Seeking Behaviors in Ghana and the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237437352110623
Author(s):  
Katharine G Norris ◽  
Phoebe A Huang ◽  
J. Christopher Glantz ◽  
Ruth-Sally Kodam ◽  
Martina Anto-Ocrah
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
The Us ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Poor Outcomes

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic impacted healthcare systems worldwide. In this study, we conducted qualitative interviews with pregnant women in Ghana and the United States (US) to understand their antenatal care (ANC) experience. Adapting to the virtual nature of the pandemic, social media platforms Facebook and WhatsApp were used to recruit, consent, enroll, and interview women. Interviewers used a semi-structured guide with content validated by the US and Ghanaian collaborators. Audio recordings of the interviews were transcribed, coded using Dedoose (v8.0.35, Dedoose) and grounded theory, and analyzed for recurring themes. Between May and July 2020, 32 women (15 Ghanaians, 17 Americans), aged 25–40 years were interviewed. Major themes emerged: (i) apprehension about ANC services; (ii) disruptions to planned healthcare provider use; and (iii) changes in social support. Although the women strove to retain their ANC as planned, the pandemic universally caused several unanticipated changes. Given associations between higher maternal mortality and poor outcomes with inadequate ANC, specific policies and resources for telehealth education and intra- and postpartum support should be implemented to reduce disruptions to ANC imposed by COVID-19.

scholarly journals Features of training of police employee in the USA

2022 ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sumina ◽  
Leonid Grischenko ◽  
Ekaterina Sepiashvili
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Police Training ◽  
The United States ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Law ◽  
Internal Affairs

The complexities of modern policing require internal affairs agencies to expand the training opportunities for police officers to carry out the tasks assigned to internal affairs agencies. It is not enough to focus solely on the law or on perishable skills such as arrest and control; defensive tactics; driving; and firearms. This article discusses the experience of building and developing the psychological skills required by the United States police force. Police training in the United States focuses on developing the skills needed to deal with the modern challenges that arise in the performance of official tasks. Training involves building and developing skills such as cognitive, emotional, social and moral skills that can improve the condition of police officers, as well as foster relationships between police officers and members of the community. Trained police officers need to develop critical thinking skills, effective communication, and emotional intelligence. The presented article reveals professional competencies for police officers, graduates of the police academy, which were developed by the Law Enforcement Foundation in the United States (Ohio). It also discusses aspects of psychological screening developed by the California Commission on Peacekeeping Training Standards to Consider When Recruiting Police Officers. The authors emphasize that when training police officers in any country, it is necessary to pay special attention to the continuity between training and practical service activities of the police officer.

scholarly journals Promotive and preventive programs about basic life support in Medan Barat district

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Bastian Lubis ◽  
Putri Amelia ◽  
Ali Nafiah Nasution ◽  
Melati Silvanni Nasution ◽  
Silvanni Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Training

Cardiac arrest remains a prominent public health problem and cause of death globally. Despite there is no national data of Indonesia available currently, around 350,000 people in the United States and Canada experienced an arrest every year, and half of them were dead. The community knowledge and awareness about basic life support, particularly among mothers, is still low. Therefore, they cannot contribute effectively in providing first-aid to reduce the mortality. To improve this situation, we need an education and training program about basic life support for the PKK mothers and Posyandu cadres in West Medan to reduce the mortality rate of cardiac arrest in Indonesia. The activity was conducted in several stages, from basic data collection, lectures, basic life support practical training, evaluation and guidebooks handover. It was attended by 26 people, 15 women (57.7%) and 11 men (42.3%), with a mean age of 39 years old. No significant change was found in the level of knowledge and behavior before and after the activity (Z-score: 0,001; p= 1,000).

scholarly journals Training for War: Academy Socialization and Warrior Policing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J Simon
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Field Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Moral Necessity ◽  
One Year ◽  
Ethnographic Field Work

Abstract The role of the police in the United States is a topic of contentious debate. Central to this debate is a binary that constructs police officers as fulfilling either a protective, community-serving role, or an aggressive, crime-fighting role. The most recent iteration is reflected in the warrior-guardian construct, which conceptualizes officers as both initiators of, and defenders against, violence. This article examines how the warrior-guardian framework shapes police training, and highlights how this construct is itself gendered and racialized. I draw on one year of ethnographic field work at four police academies and 40 interviews with police officers and cadets to argue that police training is an organized effort to condition officers to conceptualize their relationship with the public as a war. Three components constitute this framing: (1) instructors construct an evil, unpredictable enemy; (2) cadets are taught to identify their enemy in gendered and racialized ways; and (3) cadets are encouraged to adopt a warrior mentality. I show that cadets are taught to view the world in a way that pits them against an enemy, pushes them to conceptualize their enemy as a man of color, and to think about violence as a moral necessity.

Challenges in lung cancer multidisciplinary collaboration experienced by specialists in four countries.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23002-e23002
Author(s):  
Suzanne Murray ◽  
Vivek Subbiah ◽  
Christian Grohé ◽  
Kazuhiko Nakagawa ◽  
Sacha Zahabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The United States ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Patient ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Therapeutic Environment ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Uk

e23002 Background: The importance and challenges of Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) collaboration in managing lung cancer have been increasingly recognized in an ever more complex therapeutic environment. Data on physicians’ viewpoints regarding MDT collaboration in lung cancer care, collected in a broader study assessing challenges related to lung/thyroid cancer patient management, are presented. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used to analyze this data, combining qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey. Pulmonologists (PLM), oncologists (ONC) and pathologists (PTH) from Germany (GE), Japan (JP), the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (US) were recruited. Results: A total of 44 specialists participated in interviews and 377 in a survey. Quantitative data reveal that 53% of pulmonologists in JP and 39% in GE have suboptimal knowledge of the timing of patient referral to an oncologist. Fewer PLM/PTH from JP (43%/47%) report a fully integrated MDT team approach in their clinical setting, compared to those from GE (80%/95%), the UK (96%/82%) and the US (82%/97%). Qualitative data indicate that current MDT team practices are perceived as delaying patient care due to significant inefficiencies (sometimes due to lack of knowledge/skills) and unclear responsibilities within the team. Around half of ONC in each country and 78% of PLM from the UK report a gap in knowledge and relevance of each genetic biomarker test according to clinical presentation. PTH in the UK (70%), the US (50%), and JP (72%) report sub-optimal skills identifying biomarker tests to inform the progression of lung cancer (also a challenge for PLM/ONC). Conclusions: This study indicates a need for multi-level interventions addressing systemic and attitudinal barriers as well as knowledge gaps which affect physicians’ ability to collaborate in lung cancer care.

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