scholarly journals Replacement of Astaxanthin With Lutein in Diets of Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei: Effects on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Immune Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
HaoHang Fang ◽  
XuanShu He ◽  
HuLong Zeng ◽  
YongJian Liu ◽  
LiXia Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Experiment ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Similar Growth ◽  
Apoptosis Related Gene

An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate whether diet supplementation of lutein could result in similar growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei when compared to dietary astaxanthin. Juvenile L. vannamei (initial body weight: 0.64 ± 0.04 g) were fed with one of five isonitrogen and isolipids diets with/without lutein or astaxanthin [control group (C); the lutein (L) groups contained 0, 62.5, 75, 87.5 ppm lutein, respectively, the astaxanthin (A) group contained 50 ppm astaxanthin]. Results showed that dietary supplementation of lutein ranging from 62.5 to 75 ppm resulted in similar growth performance (WGR, SGR, FCR, and SR) of L. vannamei compared with the A group (P > 0.05). Apart from that, no statistical difference was observed in antioxidant parameters (hemolymph T-AOC, hemolymph MDA, and RNA expression level of GSH-PX, CAT), anti-inflammatory ability (Relish, Rho, and HSP70) and apoptosis-related gene expression (Caspase3) among lutein treatments ranging from 62.5 to 87.5 ppm and the A group (P > 0.05). These results indicate that a dose of 62.5–75 ppm of lutein was suitable in the diet of L. vannamei for substituting dietary astaxanthin.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different UVA Photoperiods on the Growth Performance, Immune Responses, Antioxidant Status and Apoptosis-Related Gene Expression of the Pacific White Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Xinyi Wang ◽  
Baoliang Liu ◽  
Xiaoqiang Gao ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Hongxu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Pacific White Shrimp ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Penaeus Vannamei ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Apoptosis Related Gene

UVA is the most common type of solar UV radiation in aquatic environments; however, the effects it causes in shrimp farming in recirculating water systems (RAS) is unclear. Thus, the growth performance, immune responses, antioxidant status and apoptosis-related gene expression in Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei (body weight 9.56 ± 0.10 g), reared with 12L: 12D full spectrum light as background light under five UVA (peak at 400 nm) photoperiods (0L: 24D, 2L: 22D, 4L: 20D, 8L: 16D and 12L: 12D) at a light intensity of 1 W/m2 were investigated. The results showed that the 2L: 22D and 4L: 20D UVA photoperiods enhanced the growth performance and reduced the feed conversion ratio and the shrimp mortality. Shrimp exposed to UVA (2L: 22D and 4L: 20D) also displayed higher levels of hepatopancreas catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), phenol oxidase (PO) and lysozyme (LZM) compared to the 8L: 16D and 12L: 12D groups. The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in line with the extension of the UVA irradiation time. The mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes in all the UVA treatments were significantly higher than with the control treatment, except for the 2L: 22D group. The results of the 2L: 22D and 4L: 20D treatments were significantly higher than those of the control group, except for LGBP. In conclusion, 2L: 22D and 4L: 20D UVA photoperiods increased growth performance and decreased FCR, improved the innate immunity and antioxidant response and reduced the mortality rate in adult shrimp.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary vitamin D3 supplementation on the growth performance, tissue Ca and P concentrations, antioxidant capacitiy, immune response and lipid metabolism in Litopenaeus vannamei larvae

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Tianmeng Dai ◽  
Lefei Jiao ◽  
Xinyue Tao ◽  
Jingjing Lu ◽  
Min Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

Abstract An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin D3 supplementation on the growth performance, tissue calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) concentrations, antioxidant capacity, immune response and lipid metabolism in Litopenaeus vannamei larvae. A total of 720 shrimp (initial weight 0.50±0.01 g) were randomly distributed into six treatments, each of which had three duplicates of 40 shrimp per duplicate. Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain graded vitamin D3 (0.18, 0.23, 0.27, 0.48, 0.57 and 0.98 mg/kg of vitamin D3, measured) supplementation levels. The results revealed that L. vannamei fed diet containing 0.48 mg/kg vitamin D3 achieved the best growth performance. Compared with the control group, supplementing 0.48 mg/kg vitamin D3 significantly increased (P<0.05) the activities of catalase, total antioxidative capacity, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in serum and hepatopancreas. Expression levels of antioxidant and immune related genes were synchronously increased (P<0.05). Carapace P and Ca concentrations were increased (P<0.05) with the increased vitamin D3 supplementation levels. Further analysis of lipid metabolism related genes expression showed that shrimp fed 0.48 mg vitamin D3 kg−1 diet showed the highest value in the expression of lipid synthesis related genes, while shrimp fed 0.98 mg vitamin D3 kg−1 diet showed the highest value in the expression of lipolysis related genes. In conclusion, the results of present study indicated that dietary supplementation of 0.48 mg/kg vitamin D3 could increase Ca and P concentrations, improve antioxidant capacity, immune response and influence lipid metabolism in L. vannamei.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Supplementation of gEGF on the Growth Performance and Immunity of Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1394
Author(s):  
Jianyong Zhou ◽  
Jingyi Yao ◽  
Luhong Bai ◽  
Chuansong Sun ◽  
Jianjun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Growth Of Animals

EGF has been shown to stimulate the growth of animals. In this study, the content of EGF in chicken embryos (gallus EGF, gEGF) aged from 1 to 20 days of incubation were determined by ELISA kit, and the 5-day-old chicken embryos with the highest content of 5593 pg/g were selected to make gEGF crude extracts. A total of 1500 1-day-old Xianju chickens were randomly divided into five groups with six replicates of 50 chickens each. The control group was fed a basal diet, and other treatment diets were supplemented with 4, 8, 16 and 32 ng/kg gEGF crude extract, respectively. The experiment lasted for 30 days. Chicks were harvested at the end of the experiment, and liver, spleen, thymus, bursa and serum samples were collected. Results showed that average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of 16 ng/kg group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The serum uric acid (UA) of the 16 ng/kg group was reduced (p < 0.01), and the serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) of the 16 ng/kg group increased (p < 0.01). The gEGF extract also increased chick’s antioxidant capacity, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased catalase (CAT) in the liver and serum of 16 ng/kg groups in compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, immunity was improved by the addition of gEGF to broiler diets. The serum immunoglobin A (IgA) content of 8 and 16 ng/kg groups and the serum immunoglobin M (IgM) content of 4 and 8 ng/kg groups were increased (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. The bursa index of each experimental group was higher than the control group (p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that the crude extract of gEGF prepared in this experiment could improve the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity of broilers.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Humic Acid Sodium and Zinc Oxide on Growth Performance, Immune Status and Antioxidant Capacity of Weaned Piglets

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2104
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Jiafu Ying ◽  
Peng Zou ◽  
Yuanhao Zhou ◽  
Baikui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Basic Diet

At present, the widespread use of high-dose zinc oxide and antibiotics to prevent post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets has caused serious environmental problems. To solve this problem, we studied the effect of HNa as a substitute for zinc oxide (ZnO) and antibiotics on the growth performance, immune status, and antioxidant capacity of piglets. Seventy-two weaned piglets (body weight = 7.42 ± 0.85 kg, 26-d-old) were distributed in a randomized 2 × 3 factorial design (two sexes and three treatments) with six replicates of four piglets each. The three treatments were the control diet (basic diet), HNa diet (basic diet + 2000 mg/kg sodium humate), and ZoA group (basic diet + 1600 mg/kg zinc oxide + 1000 mg/kg oxytetracycline calcium). ANOVA and Chi-square tests were applied to compare the means (p < 0.05) between treatments. The results showed that body weight at 16 and 30 d and the average daily gain of piglets fed with HNa or ZoA were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control group. Supplementing HNa or ZoA significantly increased (p < 0.05) the level of immunoglobulin M and G, and reduced (p < 0.05) the concentration of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukins IL-6 and IL-1β, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and diamine oxidase (DAO). Furthermore, dietary HNa or ZnO significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the level of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) compared with the control group. ZoA treatment showed an upward trend of IgA level and a downward trend of the concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and catalase (CAT). Overall, the study demonstrated that the addition of HNa in the diet partially replaced antibiotics and ZnO to improve the growth performance, immune function, and antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets, and maintained a good preventive effect on piglet diarrhea.

scholarly journals PSVI-40 Effects of dietary glucan on intestinal morphology, immunity response, barrier function and antioxidant capacity in weaning pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
xia xiong ◽  
Lvliang Wu ◽  
Yirui Shao ◽  
Jian zou ◽  
Yulong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Weaning Piglets

Abstract Glucan has been studied as a potential alternative to antibiotics for animals in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary glucan on growth performance and gut health of weaning piglets, which is a water-soluble extracellular ꞵ-glucan produced by Agrobacterium sp. ZX09. A total of 108 weaned piglets (21 d of age; 6.05 ± 0.36 kg) were randomly assigned (6 pens/diet; 18 piglets/pen) to 3 dietary treatments consisting of a basal diet (control group) or the basal diet supplemented with 20 ppm olaquindox or 200 ppm glucan for 14 days, respectively. The results showed that piglets fed with glucan had greater (P &lt; 0.05) body weight and average daily gain than piglets in control group. Piglets fed with glucan or antibiotic had greater villus height to crypt depth ratio on duodenum compared with control group (P &lt; 0.05). The mRNA expression of Claudin-1 on duodenum or ileum was higher (P &lt; 0.05) in glucan group than that on the other groups. The mRNA expression of TLR4, MYD88 and NFκB on jejunum were lower (P &lt; 0.05) in glucan or antibiotic group than those in control group. Dietary supplementation with glucan tended to increase the IL-10 and SIgA concentration on ileum (0.05 &lt; P &lt; 0.1). Dietary supplementation with glucan tended to increase the total antioxidant capacity on jejunum (P = 0.093). In conclusion, 200 ppm glucan or 20 ppm olaquindox can improve the growth performance of weaning piglets. The glucan may can accelerate the growth of weaned piglets by improving gut health. This research will provide guidance for the olaquindox alternative on growing piglets.

scholarly journals Skin Mucosal, Serum Immunity and Antioxidant Capacity of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Fed Artemisia (Artemisia annua)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1011-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Sarhadi ◽  
Ebrahim Alizadeh ◽  
Ehsan Ahmadifar ◽  
Hossein Adineh ◽  
Mahmoud A.O. Dawood
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Skin Mucus ◽  
Immune Parameters

AbstractIn this study, the effect of artemisia (Artemisia annua) leaves extract (ALE) on the immune system, growth performance and antioxidant capacity of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was investigated. Fish with initial weight (90.32 ± 1.12 g) were fed various levels of ALE (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The results showed that the growth performance (FW, WG, SGR, PER, and LER) in fish fed 1 g/kg ALE was increased significantly (P<0.05) and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was improved in fish fed 1 and 1.5 g/kg ALE in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). Skin mucus total protein was higher in fish fed diet containing 0.5 g/kg ALE than the other experimental groups (P<0.05), while the lysozyme, immunoglobulin and protease was increased by increasing of ALE in diets. Respiratory burst activity and serum immune parameters were higher in fish fed 0.5 g/kg ALE than the other treatments (P<0.05). Increasing of catalase (CAT) and decreasing of malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in fish fed ALE, while glutathione peroxidase (GPx) increased only in fish fed 0.5 g/kg ALE. Hence, it can be concluded that ALE has considerable potential as a natural immunostimulant and growth promotor supplement for the common carp’s aquaculture.

scholarly journals The effect of phytase levels in the diet on the digestibility and growth performance of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammmad Agus Suprayudi ◽  
Dini Harianto ◽  
Dedi Jusadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Experimental Diet ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Four Levels

<p>This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of phytase levels in the diet on the digestibility and growth performance of white shrimp <em>Litopenaeus vanname. </em>White shrimp were used in the trial with initial body weight of 3.8±0.01 g were reared in  aquarium (60×40×50 cm<sup>3</sup>) and filled with 60L treated sea water at a density of ten individu. Experimental diet were formulated in isonitrogeneous (36% protein) and isocaloric (3960 kcal/kg) to contain four levels of phytase: 0 iu/kg (diet A), 500 iu/kg (diet B), 750 iu/kg (diet C), and 1000 iu/kg(diet D). All diets were supplied with 0.5% of Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>as an indicator for digestibility measurement shrimp fed three times daily at satiation levelfor how many days of rearing. A factorial completely randomized experimental design was selected consisted of four treatments and triplicates. The result showed that the phytase addition improved the digestibility of protein, calcium, and phosphor as well as improve growth performance of white shrimp. Based on evaluation of those parameters, it is concluded that phytase level of500 IU support the best growth performance ofjuvenile white shrimp.</p> <p>Keywords: phytase, feed digestibility, growth,<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em></p>

scholarly journals Herbal Extract Mixture Modulates Intestinal Antioxidative Capacity and Microbiota in Weaning Piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiwei Wang ◽  
Huijun Huang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Huansheng Yang ◽  
Shengwen He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Codonopsis Pilosula ◽  
Colonic Microbiota ◽  
Weaning Piglets

Recently, herbal extracts have been applied in multiple aspects, such as medicine and animal feed. Different compositions of herbal extract mixture (HEM) have various components and diverse functions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of HEM (Lonicera japonica, Astragalus membranaceus, Eucommia folium, and Codonopsis pilosula) on intestinal antioxidant capacity and colonic microbiota in weaned pigs. A total of 18 piglets [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire)] with the initial body weight of 5.99 ± 0.13 kg (weaned at 21 days) were randomly divided into two groups (n = 9): the control group (CON, basal diet) and the HEM treatment group (HEM, 1,000 mg/kg HEM + basal diet). The experiment period lasted for 14 days. Our results showed that dietary supplementation with HEM modulated the antioxidant capacity through decreasing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the ileum and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the serum, and decreasing the mRNA expression of Kelch like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) in the jejunum and the protein level of Keap1 in the ileum. Moreover, the HEM group modified the composition of colonic microbiota with affecting relative abundances of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. Taken together, supplementation of HEM can regulate the antioxidant capacity and modify the composition of colonic bacteria in weaning piglets. This study provides new insights into the combination effects of herbal extracts on weaning piglets.

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