scholarly journals Effect of CNT-Based Resin Modification on the Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhas Yeshwant Nayak ◽  
Satish Shenoy ◽  
Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan ◽  
Chandrakant R. Kini ◽  
Aashna Seth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Material System ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Modes Of Failure

In this study an attempt was made to explore the possibility of substituting 3D E-glass fabric with eco-friendly basalt fabric along with the modification of resin using MWCNTs, a material system about which very limited information exists. The study involved comparing the mechanical properties of two sets of composites. The first set was comprised of 3D orthogonally woven E-glass-reinforced epoxy composites, basalt-reinforced epoxy composites, and hybrid 3D E-glass orthogonally woven/basalt-reinforced epoxy composites while the second set of composites was the same as the first but prepared with resin modified with Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs). All the composites were fabricated by hand lay-up and compression molding techniques. To modify the resin for the second set of composites, MWCNTs were dispersed into the epoxy resin with acetone as a surfactant by magnetic stirring and ultra-sonification. Mechanical tests included tensile, flexural, and low velocity impact strength which were evaluated as per standards. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the fractured surfaces. Results showed that resin modification did not yield any positive results on the mechanical properties of the composites. The highest tensile (364.4 MPa) and flexural strength (345.3 MPa) was obtained for 3D E-glass composites followed by basalt composites and hybrid 3D E-glass/basalt composites while the highest impact strength of 198.42 kJ/m2 was exhibited by the hybrid 3D E-glass/basalt composites. SEM micrographs showed de-bonding between the modified matrix and fiber which was seen as one of the primary causes for relatively poor performance of the composites prepared with modified resin. Fiber breakage, matrix cracking, fiber pull-out, and delamination were the other modes of failure. Results suggest that hybridization with basalt fibers is a much safer, more cost effective, and eco-friendly option over resin modification.

Development of Banana/Coir Natural Fibers Reinforced Polypropylene Hybrid Composites: The Effect of MA-g-PP (Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene) on Mechanical Properties and Thermal Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Gunturu Bujjibabu ◽  
Vemulapalli Chittaranjan Das ◽  
Malkapuram Ramakrishna ◽  
Konduru Nagarjuna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
C Fibers

Banana/Coir fiber reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites was formulated by using twin screw extruder and injection molding machine. Specimens were prepared untreated and treated B/C Hybrid composites with 4% and 8% of MA-g-PP to increase its compatibility with the polypropylene matrix. Both the without MA-g-PP and with MA-g-PP B/C hybrid composites was utilized and three levels of B/C fiber loadings 15/5, 10/10 and 5/15 % were used during manufacturing of B/C reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites. In this work mechanical performance (tensile, flexural and impact strengths) of untreated and treated (coupling agent) with 4% and 8% of MA-g-PP B/C fibers reinforced polypropylene hybrid composite have been investigated. Treated with MA-g-PP B/C fibers reinforced specimens explored better mechanical properties compared to untreated B/C fibers reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites. Mechanical tests represents that tensile, flexural and impact strength increases with increase in concentration of coupling agent compared to without coupling agent MA-g-PP hybrid composites . B/C fibers reinforced polymer composites exhibited higher tensile, flexural and impact strength at 5% of Banana fiber, 15% of fiber Coir in the presence of 8% of MA-g-PP compared to 4% of MA-g-PP and untreated hybrid composites. The percentage of water absorption in the B/C fibers reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites resisted due to the presence of coupling agent MA-g-PP and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) also has done.

Strain Rate Effect on Progressive Failure and Tensile Behaviour of Kevlar Epoxy Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ganesan ◽  
P.S. Joanna ◽  
Dalbir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Strain Rate Effect ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
The Difference

This study investigates about the effect of different strain rates on the tensile behaviour of kevlar epoxy composites and progressive failure of kevlar epoxy composites under displacement controlled axial loading. A series of experimental tests were conducted under different strain rates to find out the tensile behaviour of kevlar epoxy composites. Two different strain rates 0.5mm/ min and 1.5mm/ min were applied to the kevlar epoxy specimen in order to understand the difference in mechanical properties and progressive failures of composites. Tensile strength increases with an increase in strain rates. Failure in kevlar epoxy composites is analysed under different stages for both 0.5mm/min and 1.5 mm/min. For all the tests, failure starts with matrix cracking followed by delamination and ends with fracture.

scholarly journals Using Factorial Design Methodology to Assess PLA-g-Ma and Henequen Microfibrillated Cellulose Content on the Mechanical Properties of Poly(lactic acid) Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dzul-Cervantes ◽  
P. J. Herrera-Franco ◽  
T. Tábi ◽  
A. Valadez-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Microfibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Fiber Matrix

In this work, a 22 factorial design was used to study the effect of microfibrillated henequen cellulose fibers (HENCEL) and PLA-g-MA coupling agent contents on the tensile, flexural, and impact mechanical properties and the heat deflection temperature (HDT) of biodegradable PLA composites. The results show that the principal effects of HENCEL and MA are statistically significant for the tensile, flexural, HDT, and impact strength properties of PLA composites. Regarding the interactions between the principle effects, MA-HENCEL, there are differences with respect to the mechanical property; for example, for tensile and flexural mechanical properties, there is a synergistic effect between MA and HENCEL, whereas for HDT and impact strength there is not any. The micromechanical analysis shows an excellent agreement between the measured and the estimated values for both the composite tensile strength and the elastic modulus and only slight deviations were noticed for high microfibrillated cellulose fibers content. The morphological analysis via SEM indicated that the addition of PLA-g-MA improved the fiber-matrix adhesion because of the HENCEL unbounding and pull-out decreases from the PLA matrix. The use of appropriate values of matrix strength and stiffness and considering the improved fiber-matrix adhesion of the coupling agent yield a good agreement between experimental and estimated values.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ALBASIA WOOD ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MORPHOLOGY OF EPOXY COMPOSITES

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Henny Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Tensile Fracture Surface ◽  
Alternative Reinforcement ◽  
Filler Size ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Properties Of Composites

This research aims to investigate the effects of albasia wood filler as alternative reinforcement for extravagant and non-renewable filler being used in epoxy composites. The filler size used was 30 mesh and various filler volume fractions were 10, 20, 30 and 40 percent. Composites were manufactured using hand lay-up method. Properties such as tensile strength, elongation, modulus elasticity and strain energy absorption were determined based on ASTM standard. The results show that filler volume content significantly affects the tensile properties and impact strength of albasia wood-epoxy composites. The optimum tensile properties are achieved when 10 percent filler is added into epoxy matrix. The impact test also shows the same results. Further addition of filler decreases the mechanical properties of composites due to the existence of weak interfacial interaction between the albasia wood filler and polymer matrix for higher filler volume concentration beyond 10 vol. %. The scanning electron micrograph reveals that there are voids and pull-out mechanism on tensile fracture surface which are the cause of the composites failure.

scholarly journals Effect of magnesium on some mechanical properties of 1200 Aluminium alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
M. D. Shittu ◽  
A. E. Olaniyi ◽  
A. A. Daniyan ◽  
D. A Isadare ◽  
K. M. Oluwasegun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Dispersion Hardening ◽  
Dispersion Strengthening ◽  
Hardening Material ◽  
Commercial Aluminium

This paper investigated the effect of magnesium as a dispersion strengthening material on some mechanical properties of 1200-Aluminium (Al-Fe-Si) alloy, a typical commercial aluminium alloy used in the production of household utensils. 1200-Aluminium (Al-Fe-Si) alloy containing varying percentages of the dispersion hardening material (i.e. Magnesium) were produced and mechanical tests namely; hardness, tensile strength and impact strength were carried out. Also, the microstructures of the cast materials were studied. The results showed that increase in magnesium content, as dispersion hardening material improved the hardness, tensile strength and caused a slight decrease in impact strength of the 1200-Aluminium alloy. It is inferred from this work that using magnesium as a dispersion hardening material brings about corresponding improvement in some mechanical properties of 1200-Aluminium (Al-Fe-Si) alloy. Keywords: Magnesium, Aluminium alloy, dispersion strengthened, reinforced alloy, crystallographic formation Depth, Geothermal Energy

scholarly journals Some Mechanical Properties of Experimental Mg-Al -RE-Mn Magnesium Alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.N. Braszczyńska-Malik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Gravity Casting ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The results of some mechanical properties of four Mg-5Al-xRE-0.4Mn (x = 1 - 5) alloys are presented. The microstructure of experimental alloys consisted of an α-Mg phase and an α+γ semi-divorced eutectic, Al11RE3 phase and an Al10RE2Mn7 intermetallic compound. For gravity casting in metal mould alloys, Brinell hardness, impact strength, tensile and compression properties at ambient temperature were determined. The performed mechanical tests allowed the author to determine the proportional influence of the mass fraction of rare earth elements in the alloys on their tensile strength, yield strength, compression strength and Brinell hardness. The impact strength of the alloys slightly decreases with a rise in the rare earth elements mass fraction.

Assessment of GFRP Mechanical Properties in Order to Determinate Suitability for UAV Components

2020 ◽  
Vol 834 ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Mihaela Raluca Condruz ◽  
Alexandru Paraschiv ◽  
Andreea Deutschlander ◽  
Ionel Mîndru
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Damage Degree ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Twill Weave

Mechanical properties of several composite materials were assessed in order to establish their suitability for unmanned aerial vehicle components manufacturing. The materials under evaluation consisted in E-glass fiber (satin/twill weave) impregnated with polyester, respective epoxy resin. The study was focused on two mechanical tests: low-velocity impact and tensile tests. Based on the results obtained, it was observed that configurations reinforced with twill weave presented higher tensile strength compared with satin reinforced configurations. Moreover, they presented a lower damage degree in case of impact tests. It was concluded that fabric quality has a considerable influence on the impregnation process and on the composite material mechanical properties. In the present case, the twill weave impregnated with epoxy resin can be used to manufacture small range UAV components.

Mechanical Characteristics of Woven Banana and Glass Fiber Epoxy Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shadrach Jeya Sekaran ◽  
K. Palanikumar ◽  
Pitchandi Kasivisvanathan ◽  
L. Karunamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced

Tensile, flexural and impact strength are considered as main criteria to determine the mechanical properties of any materials. These properties were determined for woven banana and glass fiber, reinforced epoxy composites. The hand-lay method of fabrication was employed in preparing the composites. Natural fibers offer both cost savings and reduction in density as well as environmental friendly when compare to glass fibers. As if the strength of natural fibers is not as remarkable as glass, fibers its specific properties are comparable.

Melting, Crystallization Behaviors and Mechanical Properties of iPP Nucleated by β Nucleation Masterbatches

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1229-1232
Author(s):  
Guo Rui Dou ◽  
Qiang Dou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Crystalline Form ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Crystallization Behaviors ◽  
Injection Molded

Injection-molded β-isotactic polypropylene (β-iPP) specimens were prepared by adding three β nucleation masterbatches, i.e., NT-MA, NT-MB and NT-MC, respectively. The melting, crystallization and mechanical properties of β-iPP specimens were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical tests. It is revealed that β crystalline form contents were enhanced by the β nucleation masterbatches, and the β contents of the cores were higher than those of the skins of injection molded specimens. The tensile strain at break and Izod notched impact strength of iPP were greatly improved by the β nucleation masterbatches. It was found that the β nucleation efficiency was in the order: NT-MC > NT-MA > NT-MB.

scholarly journals Effect of Hybridization on the Mechanical Properties of Chopped Strand Mat/Pineapple Leaf Fibre Reinforced Polyester Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 01006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhas Yeshwant Nayak ◽  
Srinivas Shenoy Heckadka ◽  
Nishank Minil Amin ◽  
Ramakrishna Vikas Sadanand ◽  
Linto George Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Chopped Strand Mat ◽  
Hybrid Laminate

Hybridization of synthetic and natural fibres as reinforcement makes the polymer composites environmental friendly and sustainable when compared to synthetic fibres based polymer composites. In this study chopped strand mat/pineapple leaf fibres were hybridized. Four laminates with six layers each, with different stack sequence (GGGGGG, GPPPPG, PGGGGP and PPPPPP) were fabricated using hand layup technique while maintaining a fibre to matrix ratio of 30:70 by weight with polyester resin as matrix. Mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strength were determined and morphology of fractured specimens was studied. Maximum tensile strength of 180 MPa was obtained for the laminate with six layers of chopped strand mat followed by hybrid laminate with four layers of chopped strand mat at the centre (120 MPa). Tensile strength of hybrid laminate with four layers of pineapple leaf fibres at the centre was in third position at 86 MPa. Least tensile strength of 65 MPa was obtained for the laminate with six layers of pineapple leaf fibres. Similar trend was observed in case of flexural behaviour of the laminates with maximum flexural strength of 255 MPa and minimum flexural strength 107 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy of the fractured specimen reinforced with chopped strand mat only, indicated, fibre pull out, matrix cracking and lack of matrix adhesion to fibres. In case of hybrid composite (GPPPPG and PGGGGP) delamination was observed to be prominent due to improper wetting of the pineapple leaf fibres with the matrix. More significant delamination led to lesser strength in case of pineapple fibres reinforced composites even though the fibre pull out was relatively less.

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