scholarly journals Insignificant Response of Bacterioplankton Community to Elevated pCO2 During a Short-Term Microcosm Experiment in a Subtropical Eutrophic Coastal Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunlan Yang ◽  
Fei Zhang ◽  
Xiaowei Chen ◽  
Huifang Li ◽  
Nianzhi Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Xiamen Bay ◽  
Bacterioplankton Community ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Ocean acidification, as one of the major consequences of global climate change, markedly affects multiple ecosystem functions in disparate marine environments from coastal habitats to the deep ocean. Evaluation of the responses of marine microbial community to the increasing partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) is crucial to explore the microbe-driven biogeochemical processes in the future ocean. In this study, a microcosm incubation of eutrophic coastal water from Xiamen Bay under elevated pCO2 (about 1,000 μatm) and control (ambient air, about 380–410 μatm) conditions was conducted to investigate the effect of ocean acidification on the natural bacterioplankton community. During the 5-day incubation period, the chlorophyll a concentration and bacterioplankton abundance were not significantly affected by increased pCO2. Hierarchical clustering and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis based on Bray-Curtis similarity among the bacterioplankton community derived from the 16S rRNA genes revealed an inconspicuous impact of elevated pCO2 on the bacterial community. During the incubation period, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Epsilonbacteraeota were predominant in all microcosms. Despite the distinct temporal variation in the composition of the bacterioplankton community during the experimental period, statistical analyses showed that no significant difference was found on bacterioplankton taxa between elevated pCO2 and control, indicating that the bacterioplankton at the population-level were also insensitive to elevated pCO2. Our results therefore suggest that the bacterioplankton communities in the fluctuating and eutrophic coastal ecosystems appear to be adaptable to the short-term elevated pCO2.

scholarly journals Changes in Microbial Community Composition and Geochemistry during Uranium and Technetium Bioimmobilization

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (18) ◽  
pp. 5885-5896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy M. Michalsen ◽  
Aaron D. Peacock ◽  
Anne M. Spain ◽  
Amanda N. Smithgal ◽  
David C. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT In a previous column study, we investigated the long-term impact of ethanol additions on U and Tc mobility in groundwater (M. M. Michalsen et al., Environ. Sci. Technol. 40:7048-7053, 2006). Ethanol additions stimulated iron- and sulfate-reducing conditions and significantly enhanced U and Tc removal from groundwater compared to an identical column that received no ethanol additions (control). Here we present the results of a combined signature lipid and nucleic acid-based microbial community characterization in sediments collected from along the ethanol-stimulated and control column flow paths. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis showed both an increase in microbial biomass (∼2 orders of magnitude) and decreased ratios of cyclopropane to monoenoic precursor fatty acids in the stimulated column compared to the control, which is consistent with electron donor limitation in the control. Spatial shifts in microbial community composition were identified by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis as well as by quantitative PCR, which showed that Geobacteraceae increased significantly near the stimulated-column outlet, where soluble electron acceptors were largely depleted. Clone libraries of 16S rRNA genes from selected flow path locations in the stimulated column showed that Proteobacteria were dominant near the inlet (46 to 52%), while members of candidate division OP11 were dominant near the outlet (67%). Redundancy analysis revealed a highly significant difference (P = 0.0003) between microbial community compositions within stimulated and control sediments, with geochemical variables explaining 68% of the variance in community composition on the first two canonical axes.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Fecal Bacterial Microbiota of Wintering Whooper Swans (Cygnus Cygnus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxia Wang ◽  
Songlin Huang ◽  
Liangliang Yang ◽  
Guogang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
The Body ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Bacterial Microbiota ◽  
And Control

There are many and diverse intestinal microbiota, and they are closely related to various physiological functions of the body. They directly participate in the host's food digestion, nutrient absorption, energy metabolism, immune response, and many other physiological activities and are also related to the occurrence of many diseases. The intestinal microbiota are extremely important for maintaining normal physical health. In order to explore the composition and differences of the intestinal microbiota of whooper swans in different wintering areas, we collected fecal samples of whooper swans in Sanmenxia, Henan, and Rongcheng, Shandong, and we used the Illumina HiSeq platform to perform high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Comparison between Sanmenxia and Rongcheng showed no significant differences in ACE, Chao 1, Simpson, and Shannon indices (p > 0.05). Beta diversity results showed significant differences in bacterial communities between two groups [analysis of similarity (ANOSIM): R = 0.80, p = 0.011]. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis showed that at the phylum level, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria was significantly higher in Sanmenxia whooper swans than Rongcheng whooper swans. At the genus level, the amount of Psychrobacter and Carnobacterium in Sanmenxia was significantly higher in Rongcheng, while the relative abundance Catellicoccus and Lactobacillus was significantly higher in Rongcheng than in Sanmenxia. This study analyzed the composition, characteristics, and differences of the intestinal microbiota of the whooper swans in different wintering environments and provided theoretical support for further exploring the relationship between the intestinal microbiota of the whooper swans and the external environment. And it played an important role in the overwintering physiology and ecology, population management, and epidemic prevention and control of whooper swans.

scholarly journals Effect of Carnatic Music Listening Training on Speech in Noise Performance in Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Raksha Amemane ◽  
Archana Gundmi ◽  
Kishan Madikeri Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Noise Performance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Speech In Noise ◽  
Carnatic Music ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background and Objectives: Music listening has a concomitant effect on structural and functional organization of the brain. It helps in relaxation, mind training and neural strengthening. In relation to it, the present study was aimed to find the effect of Carnatic music listening training (MLT) on speech in noise performance in adults.Subjects and Methods: A total of 28 participants (40-70 years) were recruited in the study. Based on randomized control trial, they were divided into intervention and control group. Intervention group underwent a short-term MLT. Quick Speech-in-Noise in Kannada was used as an outcome measure.Results: Results were analysed using mixed method analysis of variance (ANOVA) and repeated measures ANOVA. There was a significant difference between intervention and control group post MLT. The results of the second continuum revealed no statistically significant difference between post training and follow-up scores in both the groups.Conclusions: In conclusion short-term MLT resulted in betterment of speech in noise performance. MLT can be hence used as a viable tool in formal auditory training for better prognosis.

Analysis of Oral Microbial Dysbiosis Associated With Early Childhood Caries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Teng-Fei Xie ◽  
Shao-Kai Li ◽  
Xiao-Tong Qiao ◽  
Yan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract Background: "Core microbes" play a key role in the development of caries and lead to microflora disorders. Our goal was to detect the core microbes associated with the microbial flora imbalance in early childhood caries (ECC). Methods: Fifteen caries-free children and fifteen high-caries (DMFT≥10) children aged 4-6 years old were recruited according to the diagnostic criteria of caries suggested by the WHO. The 16S rRNA genes from plaque samples loaded in saliva were amplified by PCR, and the PCR products were sequenced by the Illumina Miseq platform. The sequencing results were analyzed by professional software to determine the composition and structure of the saliva microorganisms.Results: There were statistically significant differences between the groups regarding the relative abundance of S. mutans (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P<0.05). No significant difference was found between the groups regarding other species or functional genes. Conclusion: Neither unique microbes leading to early caries in deciduous teeth nor characteristics of a microbial community with a disordered structure were found. Some microorganisms related to dental caries in young children were found, but whether these microbes were truly related or were false positives requires further verification.

scholarly journals Real-Time PCR Quantitation of Clostridia in Feces of Autistic Children

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 6459-6465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuli Song ◽  
Chengxu Liu ◽  
Sydney M. Finegold
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Based on the hypothesis that intestinal clostridia play a role in late-onset autism, we have been characterizing clostridia from stools of autistic and control children. We applied the TaqMan real-time PCR procedure to detect and quantitate three Clostridium clusters and one Clostridium species, C. bolteae, in stool specimens. Group- and species-specific primers targeting the 16S rRNA genes were designed, and specificity of the primers was confirmed with DNA from related bacterial strains. In this procedure, a linear relationship exists between the threshold cycle (CT ) fluorescence value and the number of bacterial cells (CFU). The assay showed high sensitivity: as few as 2 cells of members of cluster I, 6 cells of cluster XI, 4 cells of cluster XIVab, and 0.6 cell of C. bolteae could be detected per PCR. Analysis of the real-time PCR data indicated that the cell count differences between autistic and control children for C. bolteae and the following Clostridium groups were statistically significant: mean counts of C. bolteae and clusters I and XI in autistic children were 46-fold (P = 0.01), 9.0-fold (P = 0.014), and 3.5-fold (P = 0.004) greater than those in control children, respectively, but not for cluster XIVab (2.6 � 108 CFU/g in autistic children and 4.8 � 108 CFU/g in controls; respectively). More subjects need to be studied. The assay is a rapid and reliable method, and it should have great potential for quantitation of other bacteria in the intestinal tract.

A nested PCR-based method for detection ofStreptococcus agalactiae16S rRNA in milk and its application

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
Jia Yu-Ping ◽  
Zhou Dong-Shun ◽  
Zhao Hong-Kun ◽  
Wan Ren-Zhong ◽  
Liu Wen-Qiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
And Control

AbstractBovine mastitis caused byStreptococcus agalactiaeis mainly subclinical and therefore can be diagnosed only in the laboratory. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method for specific, sensitive and rapid detection ofS. agalactiaein raw milk was developed. The general streptococci primers, which anneal to conserved areas within the 16S rRNA subunit gene, were used as positive controls. The specificity ofS. agalactiaeprimers is based on various areas within conserved areas of the 16S rRNA genes ofS. agalactiae. Results have indicated that the method enables the detection of 1 CFU/ml ofS. agalactiaein raw milk after enrichment, followed by DNA extraction using a rapid and simple procedure developed for this purpose, and specific PCR reaction. The method developed can be used efficiently in the early infectious status investigation ofS. agalactiaein the dairy herd and in prevention and control ofS. agalactiaespread in a herd.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Phylogeny of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks Collected from Dogs in the Republic of Korea

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
A-Tai Truong ◽  
Jinhyeong Noh ◽  
Yeojin Park ◽  
Hyun-Ji Seo ◽  
Keun-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Haemaphysalis Longicornis ◽  
Babesia Gibsoni ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

Ticks are important vectors of various pathogens that result in clinical illnesses in humans and domestic and wild animals. Information regarding tick infestations and pathogens transmitted by ticks is important for the identification and prevention of disease. This study was a large-scale investigation of ticks collected from dogs and their associated environments in the Republic of Korea (ROK). It included detecting six prevalent tick-borne pathogens (Anaplasma spp., A. platys, Borrelia spp., Babesia gibsoni, Ehrlichia canis, and E. chaffeensis). A total of 2293 ticks (1110 pools) were collected. Haemaphysalis longicornis (98.60%) was the most frequently collected tick species, followed by Ixodes nipponensis (0.96%) and H. flava (0.44%). Anaplasma spp. (24/1110 tick pools; 2.16%) and Borrelia spp. (4/1110 tick pools; 0.36%) were detected. The phylogenetic analyses using 16S rRNA genes revealed that the Anaplasma spp. detected in this study were closely associated with A. phagocytophilum reported in humans and rodents in the ROK. Borrelia spp. showed phylogenetic relationships with B. theileri and B. miyamotoi in ticks and humans in Mali and Russia. These results demonstrate the importance of tick-borne disease surveillance and control in dogs in the ROK.

scholarly journals Community Composition and Function of Bacteria in Activated Sludge of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Xie ◽  
Liping Zhong ◽  
Liao Ouyang ◽  
Wang Xu ◽  
Qinghuai Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) use functional microorganisms in activated sludge (AS) to reduce the environmental threat posed by wastewater. In this study, Illumina NovaSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA genes was performed to explore the microbial communities of AS at different stages of the two WWTP projects in Shenzhen, China. Results showed that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Nitrospirae were the dominant phyla in all the samples, with Proteobacteria being the most abundant and reaching a maximum proportion of 59.63%. There was no significant difference in biodiversity between the two water plants, but Stage 1 and Stage 2 were significantly different. The Mantel test indicated that nitrate, total nitrogen (TN), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and nutrients were essential factors affecting the bacterial community structure. FAPROTAX analysis emphasized that the leading functional gene families include nitrification, aerobic nitrite oxidation, human pathogens, and phototrophy. This study reveals changes in the community structure of AS in different treatment units of Banxuegang WWTP, which can help engineers to optimize the wastewater treatment process.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Milk Microbiomes and Their Association with Bovine Mastitis in Two Farms in Central Russia

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1401
Author(s):  
Sergei Sokolov ◽  
Ksenia Fursova ◽  
Irina Shulcheva ◽  
Daria Nikanova ◽  
Olga Artyemieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Significant Difference

Bovine mastitis is a widespread infectious disease. In addition to the economic damages associated with reduced milk yield due to mastitis, the problem of food contamination by microorganism metabolites, in particular toxins, is also a concern. Horizontal transfer of microorganisms from animal populations to humans can also be complicated by antibiotic resistance. Therefore, bovine mastitis is relevant to the study of microbiology and veterinary medicine. In this study, we investigated the microbiome of milk samples from healthy cows and cows with different forms of mastitis from individual quarters of the udder of cows during first and second lactation. Total DNA was extracted from milk samples. The V3–V4 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA genes from each sample were amplified to generate a library via high-throughput sequencing. We revealed significant dominance of several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) corresponding mostly to groups of Staphylococcus aureus, Aerococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp. In addition, we unexpectedly identified Streptococcus thermophilus in samples with high SCC quantities. We found some infectious agents that characterized summer mastitis. We demonstrated that in Central Russia, mastitis is associated with a wide variety of causal organisms. We observed some differences in the diversity of the two investigated farms. However, we did not find any significant difference among healthy, mastitis and subclinical samples according to their SCC status from either farms by principal component analysis. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) confirmed the presence of several indicator genera in farms from Moscow and the Tula Region. These results confirm the complex bacterial etiology of bovine mastitis.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Short-term Group Logo-therapy on Life Expectancy and Resilience of Women With Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Masoud Nader ◽  
Nahid Ghanbari ◽  
Sedigeh Tajabadi pour ◽  
Soheila Gholipour ◽  
Nasrin Esmaeilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of short-term group logo-therapy on life expectancy and resilience of women with breast cancer. Methods: This applied study is quasi-experimental and was designed by the use of pre-test and post-test. The population of study included all women with breast cancer, from which 30 women with breast cancer were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. To collect study data, The life expectancy scale and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RIS) were used. For data analysis, covariance analysis ANCOVA was used. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the scores of life expectancy between groups F= 485.012, p= 0.005 and there is a significant difference between the mean scores of resilience among groups F= 2.051, P= 0.001. Conclusions: In general, it can be said that, group logo-therapy can help women with breast cancer to find meaning in their life, receive support from groups, and adapt themselves with diseases. Also, logo-therapy can be useful in breast cancer patient’s attitude towards hardships and problems and can increase their strength and resilience.

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