scholarly journals Suicidal Ideations and Behavior in Patients With Young and Late Onset Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Ortner ◽  
Lina Riedl ◽  
Ralf J. Jox ◽  
Julia Hartmann ◽  
Carola Roßmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Advanced Dementia ◽  
Death Wishes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Late Onset Dementia

Background and Objectives: Data on suicidal ideation, behavior and the risk factors in patients with dementia is scarce. To evaluate the prevalence of death wishes, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behavior of young (YOD) and late onset dementia (LOD) and to identify risk factors for suicidal ideation and behavior.Methods: We interviewed 157 family caregivers of patients with advanced dementia using questions from the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale to gather information about suicidal ideation and behavior before the onset of symptoms of dementia, after the onset of dementia and within 30 days prior to the interview. At the time of the interview, we also assessed disease severity, cognitive function, and other psychological, behavioral and physical symptoms of the patients as well as the caregivers' psychological well-being.Results: Forty four (28%) of the patients expressed suicidal ideation or behavior at some time after the onset of symptoms, and 14 (9%) of these within the month prior to the assessment. Two patients had attempted suicide after the onset of dementia. There were no statistically significant differences between patients with and without suicidal ideations or behavior with regards to demographics or age at onset of dementia. In patients with advanced dementia, Alzheimer's disease (rather than frontotemporal lobar degeneration), better cognitive function, more severe psychological, behavioral, and physical symptoms, and a reduced quality of life were associated with the expression of suicidal ideation.Conclusions: According to caregivers' reports, majority of patients with dementia did not express suicidal ideation or show suicidal behavior. Patients who expressed suicidal ideation during early stages of dementia often stopped expressing them in advanced stages. It remains unclear if this was due to reduced communication abilities, a reduction of disease awareness, and/ or an adjustment to their situation.

scholarly journals Factors in the Assessment of Suicidality in Youth

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Posner ◽  
Glenn A. Melvin ◽  
Barbara Stanley ◽  
Maria A. Oquendo ◽  
Madelyn Gould
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Standardized Terminology ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Clinical Populations

ABSTRACTSuicide remains a leading cause of death among youth, and suicide ideation and behavior are relatively common in both normal and clinical populations. Clinicians working with young people must assess for the presence of suicidal ideation, suicidal behavior, and other risk factors, in order to determine the level of risk. This paper provides the clinician with a summary of risk factors for youth suicide, as well as providing standardized terminology to enhance assessment of suicidal ideation and behavior.

Trauma-Related Shame, Sexual Assault Severity, Thwarted Belongingness, and Perceived Burdensomeness Among Female Undergraduate Survivors of Sexual Assault

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Stephanie P. Kaplan ◽  
Julie Spencer ◽  
Shannon M. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Thwarted Belongingness ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Perceived Burdensomeness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract. Background and Aim: This study evaluated trauma-related shame as a mediator of the association between sexual assault severity and perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Method: A total of 164 female undergraduates who reported attempted or completed sexual assault completed self-report measures of sexual assault, trauma-related shame, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness. Results: Using path analysis, trauma-related shame mediated the association between sexual assault severity and perceived burdensomeness, and between sexual assault severity and thwarted belongingness. Limitations: The findings of this study are limited by the retrospective, self-report, and cross-sectional nature of these data, and do not allow for causal inference. Conclusion: Trauma-related shame warrants additional investigation as a mechanism that explains the association between sexual assault and psychosocial risk factors for suicidal ideation and behavior.

Considerations on nonclinical approaches to modeling risk factors of suicidal ideation and behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 288-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M.G. Goody ◽  
K.E. Cannon ◽  
M. Liu ◽  
M.J. Kallman ◽  
J.P. Martinolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
And Behavior

Outcome of Suicidal Ideation and Behavior in a Young, Help-Seeking Population over a 2-Year Period

Crisis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Cosgrave ◽  
J. Robinson ◽  
K.A. Godfrey ◽  
H.P. Yuen ◽  
E.J. Killackey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Axis I ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Levels Of Functioning

Abstract. Suicidal behavior is associated with negative outcomes, including completed suicide. This study examined the prevalence of suicidal behavior in a sample of referrals to a youth psychiatric service and investigated the stability of suicidality over 2 years. Of the 140 people (mean age 17.8) who were referred to a youth psychiatric service, 82 who were accepted for treatment (RA group) and 58 who were not accepted (RNA group) were assessed; 57% reported considering suicide and 39% reported attempting suicide in the 12 months prior to referral. Participants who reported suicidal ideation were significantly more likely than nonsuicidal participants to have multiple Axis I diagnoses and lower levels of functioning. At the 2-year follow-up there was a significant reduction in suicidality in the RA group, but not in the RNA group. In conclusion, suicidality is prevalent among young people referred to psychiatric services. Even brief contact with services results in a reduction in suicidality over 2 years.

Suicide Risk in High School Students in Slovenia

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Tomori
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
School Students ◽  
And Behavior

The objective of this study was to determine the psychosocial factors which differentiate suicidal adolescents from their nonsuicidal peers. By means of a specially designed questionnaire, distributed to a representative sample of 4686 Slovene high school students of both sexes aged 14-19 years, we assessed their general characteristics, suicidal ideation and behavior, family circumstances, self-appraisal of the problems and ways of solving them, engagement in sport, and exposure to suicide in their close circle. Numerous important differences were established between suicidal and nonsuicidal adolescents. The data gathered will help further research into suicidal behavior in adolescents.

Suicide in Mexican Prisons: Mental Health Symptomology and Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-698
Author(s):  
Berenice Pérez-Ramírez ◽  
Juan J. Barthelemy ◽  
Robin E. Gearing ◽  
Lindamarie Olson ◽  
Natalia Giraldo-Santiago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Male Prisoners ◽  
Growing Population

In Mexico, suicide and suicidal behaviors (SB) have increased 275% since 1990. Prisoners constitute a growing population in Mexico and have been identified as high suicide risk. Using a sample of 194 male prisoners, we measure what demographics and mental health symptomology are associated with suicidal ideation (SI) and SB, and identify what demographics and mental health symptomology predict SI and SB. Global Severity and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) were significant predictors of experiencing SI, whereas global severity, ACEs, and age were significant predictors of experiencing SB. Findings support increased identification and comprehensive mental health services addressing suicidality in prisons.

Is apathy in late-life depressive illness related to age-at-onset, cognitive function or vascular risk?

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrag K. Lampe ◽  
Thea J. Heeren
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Onset Type ◽  
Depressed Patients

Background: Apathy has been shown to be an important feature of degenerative, vascular or traumatic brain disorder. Its presence is associated with high depression scores, higher age, low performance on frontal tasks, and more severe deep white matter hyperintensities. In late-life depression, lack of interest or motivation are often more prominent than depressed mood, especially in the late-onset type. It was hypothesized that in a heterogeneous sample of elderly depressed patients, apathy is associated with late-onset type of depression, cognitive dysfunction or vascular risk factors.Method: The Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) was administered to twenty-nine elderly (≥60 years) inpatients with a DSM-IV major depression or dysthymic disorder. The severity of the depression was measured with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and cognitive function with the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). The presence of vascular risk factors was traced in the patient's medical records.Results: Apathy was found in 86% of the patients. The AES-score was correlated with the negative symptom score, but not with total MADRS or MMSE-score. No difference in AES-score between early-onset depressed (n = 16) and late-onset depressed (n = 13) patients was found, and between patients with or without vascular risk.Conclusion: Apathy is a main feature of moderate to severe depressive illness in elderly patients and related to the negative symptoms of the disorder. Further studies should include less severely depressed patients and investigate the relation between depression severity and apathy.

scholarly journals Nanotargeting of Drug(s) for Delaying Dementia: Relevance of Covid-19 Impact on Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 153331752097676
Author(s):  
Joseph S. D’Arrigo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Scavenger Receptors ◽  
Type I ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Class B ◽  
Lipid Nanocarriers ◽  
Late Onset Dementia

By incorporating appropriate drug(s) into lipid (biobased) nanocarriers, one obtains a combination therapeutic for dementia treatment that targets certain cell-surface scavenger receptors (mainly class B type I, or “SR-BI”) and thereby crosses the blood-brain barrier. The cardiovascular risk factors for dementia trigger widespread inflammation -- which lead to neurodegeneration, gradual cognitive/memory decline, and eventually (late-onset) dementia. Accordingly, one useful strategy to delay dementia could be based upon nanotargeting drug(s), using lipid nanocarriers, toward a major receptor class responsible for inflammation-associated (cytokine-mediated) cell signaling events. At the same time, the immune response and excessive inflammation, commonly observed in the very recent human coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, may accelerate the progression of brain inflammatory neurodegeneration—which increases the probability of post-infection memory impairment and accelerating progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Hence, the proposed multitasking combination therapeutic, using a (biobased) lipid nanocarrier, may also display greater effectiveness at different stages of dementia.

scholarly journals Differential effects of risk factors on the cognitive trajectory of early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeho Kim ◽  
Sook-Young Woo ◽  
Seonwoo Kim ◽  
Hyemin Jang ◽  
Junpyo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Rapid Cognitive Decline ◽  
Function Language ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Although few studies have shown that risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are associated with cognitive decline in AD, not much is known whether the impact of risk factors differs between early-onset AD (EOAD, symptom onset < 65 years of age) versus late-onset AD (LOAD). Therefore, we evaluated whether the impact of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk factors on cognitive trajectories differ in EOAD and LOAD. Methods We followed-up 193 EOAD and 476 LOAD patients without known autosomal dominant AD mutation for 32.3 ± 23.2 months. Mixed-effects model analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of APOE ε4, low education, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity on cognitive trajectories. Results APOE ε4 carriers showed slower cognitive decline in general cognitive function, language, and memory domains than APOE ε4 carriers in EOAD but not in LOAD. Although patients with low education showed slower cognitive decline than patients with high education in both EOAD and LOAD, the effect was stronger in EOAD, specifically in frontal-executive function. Patients with hypertension showed faster cognitive decline than did patients without hypertension in frontal-executive and general cognitive function in LOAD but not in EOAD. Patients with obesity showed slower decline in general cognitive function than non-obese patients in EOAD but not in LOAD. Conclusions Known risk factors for AD were associated with slower cognitive decline in EOAD but rapid cognitive decline in LOAD.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Cohort Study of the Association between the Level of Testosterone and Suicidal Ideation in Hospitalized Adolescent Females with Depression in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Shaohua Wang ◽  
Chuang Xue ◽  
Xiwen Hu ◽  
Guoling Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Background. To date, around 4 per 100,000 adolescents committed suicide within the 29 OECD countries. The suicidal behavior is related to psychological factors, genetics, neurobiology, and other biomarkers. The aim of this study was to examine risk factors for the development of suicidal ideation in adolescent females with depression, focusing on the relationship between different testosterone levels and suicidal ideation, in order to help develop strategies to intervene in suicidal behavior in female adolescents with depression. Method. In this single-center prospective cohort study, we enrolled adolescent females with depression. We collected information on their baseline data, testosterone levels, symptom self-rating scale scores, suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injurious (NSSI) behaviours, and suicide attempts. We used multivariate logistic regression to identify risk factors for the development of suicidal ideation in adolescent females with depression. Results. A total of 113 hospitalized adolescent females were enrolled with a mean age of 13.5 (1.20). Among these patients, there were 86 (76.11%) subjects who suffered from suicidal ideation, 59 (52.21%) had NSSI and 23 (20.35%) had suicide attempt behavior. In the final model, higher level of testosterone ( p = 0.04 ) and higher age ( p = 0.02 ) were associated with the higher odds of having suicidal ideation. Conclusion. In this exploratory cohort study, the emergence of suicidal ideation was common among adolescent females with depression. This study is consistent with the other studies. It shows that the age is a potential predictor for suicidal ideation in hospitalized adolescent females with depression.

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