Gut Microbiota Influence Lipid Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle in Pigs

Gut microbiota is recognized as a strong determinant of host physiology including fat metabolism and can transfer obesity-associated phenotypes from donors to recipients. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and intramuscular fat (IMF) is still largely unknown. Obese Jinhua pigs (JP) have better meat quality that is associated with higher IMF content than lean Landrace pigs (LP). The present study was conducted to test the contribution of gut microbiota to IMF properties by transplanting fecal microbiota of adult JP and LP to antibiotics-treated mice. Similar to JP donors, the mice receiving JP's microbiota (JM) had elevated lipid and triglyceride levels and the lipoprotein lipase activity, as well as reduced mRNA level of angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) in the gastrocnemius muscles, compared to those in mice receiving LP's microbiota (LM). High-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed that transplantation of JP and LP feces differently reconstructed the gut microbiota in both jejunum and colon of mouse recipients. In colonic samples, we observed an elevated ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and increased abundance of genus Romboutsia in JM, which were positively correlated with obesity. Furthermore, the abundance of Akkermansia decreased in JM, which is positively correlated with lean. Colonic concentrations of acetate (P = 0.047) and butyrate (P = 0.014) were significantly lower in JM than in LM, and consistently, the terminal genes for butyrate synthesis, butyryl CoA: acetate CoA transferase were less abundant in colonic microbiota of JM. Taken together, these gut microbiota of obese JP intrinsically promotes IMF accumulation and can transfer the properties to mouse recipients. Manipulation of intestinal microbiota will, therefore, have the potential to improve the meat quality and flavor of pigs and even to ameliorate the metabolic syndrome in human.

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Roles of Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota in Chronic Constipation

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/9372563 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhenyuan Xu ◽

Tianhao Liu ◽

Qingli Zhou ◽

Jing Chen ◽

Jiali Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Chronic Constipation ◽

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction ◽

Beneficial Bacteria ◽

Good Therapeutic Effect ◽

The Relationship ◽

Positive Effect

Chronic constipation is a common gastrointestinal dysfunction, but its aetiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. Interestingly, the compositions of the gut microbiota in constipation patients and healthy controls are different. Various studies reported the different gut microbiota alterations in constipation patients, but most studies indicated that constipation patients showed the decreased beneficial bacteria and the reduced species richness of gut bacteria. Besides, the alterations in the gut microbiota may lead to constipation and constipation-related symptoms and the regulation of gut microbiota has a positive effect on gut functional diseases such as constipation. Microbial treatment methods, such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, can be used to regulate gut microbiota. Increasing evidences have suggested that Chinese medicine (CM) has a good therapeutic effect on chronic constipation. Chinese medicine is well known for its multitarget and multimode effects on diseases as well as less side effects. In previous studies, after the treatment of constipation with CM, the gut microbiota was restored, indicating that the gut microbiota might be the target or important way for CM to exert its efficacy. In this review, we summarized the effects of microbial treatment and CM on the gut microbiota of constipation patients and discussed the relationship between CM and gut microbiota.

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Mikrobiota Usus dan Osteoartritis

Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia ◽

10.35912/jimi.v1i1.279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Redi Bintang Pratama ◽

◽

Khairun Nisa Berawi ◽

Nurul Islamy ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽

Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Disease Modifying Therapy ◽

Therapy Strategy ◽

Keywords Osteoarthritis ◽

Disease Modifying ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most commonly experienced musculoskeletal diseases. Various studies were conducted to find the relationship between the gut microbiota and the incidence of osteoarthritis. The gut microbiota encourages the production of proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial metabolites which are considered to be part of the pathophysiological mechanisms of osteoarthritis. Various risk factors that trigger osteoarthritis, such as age, gender, diet, and obesity have an influence on the gut microbiota. This suggests the possible involvement of the microbiota in the incidence of osteoarthritis. The increasing prevalence of osteoarthritis calls for an effective disease-modifying therapy strategy to relieve symptoms and slow the progression of the condition. The investigators hypothesized that modulation of the gut microbiota by external approaches might influence the progression of osteoarthritis. To date, some evidence suggests that gut microbiota intervention can be realized through probiotics, prebiotics, exercise, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Microbiota, Risk Factor

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Correlation study on gut microbiota and omentin-1 gene polymorphism in Uyghur newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

10.21203/rs.2.22391/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rebiya Nuli ◽

Jiaoyu Shan ◽

Bing Zhang ◽

Rui Li ◽

Yaqun Guan

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Gene Polymorphism ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

Correlation Study ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a top risk factor for health in China. Gut microbiota, genetic factors and lipids metabolism play important role in development of T2DM. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the gut microbiota and omentin-1 gene polymorphism to explore the interaction between host gene and gut microbiota in Uyghur T2DM. Methods: A total of 98 newly diagnosed Uyghur T2DM patients and 99 healthy normal controls (NC) enrolled into this study according to inclusion criteria. The total DNAs was extracted from the fecal microbiota. Abundance of the Lactobacillus genus, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Clostridium in the gut microbiota was determined with 16S rDNA gene Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR amplification. PCR-PFLP was applied to determine the genotypes of Val109Asp variant (rs2274907) in the Omentin-1 gene. And the relationship between rs2274907 and gut microbiota was assessed. Results: There were no significant differences of the Val109Asp variant (rs2274907) between T2DM and NC group. The abundance of Lactobacillus genus and Clostridium genus was lower in newly diagnosed T2DM group than in the NC group (P<0.05). Serum insulin, LDL-C, the abundances of Lactobacillus genus and Clostridium genus were the risk factors of T2DM. (OR=1.094 95%CI 1.014-1.180), (OR=3.868 95%CI 1.250-11.971), (OR=0.288 95%CI 0.145-0.571), (OR=0.044 95%CI 0.012-0.154). Conclusions: The abundance of Lactobacillus and Clostridium genus may be related to the pathogenesis of new-onset T2DM in Uyghur population, the mechanism of which needs to be further studied. The interactive relationship between the gut microbiota and omentin-1 gene polymorphism in newly diagnosed T2DM was not observed in this study.

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Involvement of Gut Microbiota in the Development of Psoriasis Vulgaris

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.761978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Chaonan Sun ◽

Ling Chen ◽

Huan Yang ◽

Hongjiang Sun ◽

Zhen Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Abdominal Distension ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽

Delayed Recovery ◽

The Relationship ◽

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Objectives: Psoriasis is a common chronic recurrent dermatitis. Accumulating observations show gut microbiota dysbiosis in psoriasis. We intend to further investigate the relationship between intestinal microbiota and psoriasis development.Design: We first performed an epidemiological investigation on differences of gastrointestinal discomfort symptoms between patients with psoriasis and general population. Then variation of gut microbiota in patients with psoriasis (un)treated with acitretin plus narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. We last compared recovery status and vital cytokines (lesion and intestine) of mouse psoriasiform models, which were transplanted with fecal microbiota from patients with psoriasis or healthy controls.Results: (1) About 85.5% of patients with psoriasis vs. 58.1% of healthy controls presented with at least one gastrointestinal symptom. The prevalence of investigated symptoms (e.g., abdominal distension and constipation) were significantly higher in patients, compared with controls (p < 0.05). Passing flatus and constipation were significantly correlated with psoriasis (p < 0.05 in both cases). (2) The abundance of Ruminococcaceae family, Coprococcus_1 genus, and Blautia genus were decreased with psoriasis improvement (p < 0.05, respectively), which had been demonstrated significantly increased in psoriasis. (3) Mice receiving psoriatic microbes transplantation showed delayed recovery of psoriasiform dermatitis and less reduction of interleukin (IL)-17A than those receiving healthy microbiota or blank control (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively).Conclusion: Multiple evidence we provided here preliminarily demonstrates the involvement of gut microbiota in the different degree of psoriasis activity. The strategy based on overall microbial communities is expected to be a promising supplementary for long-term management of psoriasis.

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Gut Microbiota Was Involved in the Process of Liver Injury During Intra-Abdominal Hypertension

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.790182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Zeyu Zhao ◽

Zhengchang Guo ◽

Zhengliang Yin ◽

Yue Qiu ◽

Bo Zhou

Keyword(s):

Liver Injury ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Damage ◽

Abdominal Hypertension ◽

Portal Veins ◽

The Relationship ◽

Abdominal Compartment ◽

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Background: Intestinal damage caused by intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) can lead to the ectopic gut microbiota, which can contribute to liver injury via portal veins. Therefore, it is speculated that gut microbiota disorder caused by IAH/ACS may result in liver injury. The relationship between gut microbiota and IAH/ACS-related liver injury was investigated in this study.Methods: A model of IAH was established in rats, and 16S rRNA sequencing was analyzed for gut microbiota in the feces of rats. The elimination of gut microbiota was completed by antibiotics gavage, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was used to change the composition of gut microbiota in rats.Results: In addition to the traditional cause of liver blood vessel compression, liver injury caused by IAH was also associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Gut microbiota clearance can relieve liver injury caused by IAH, while FMT from IAH-intervened rats can aggravate IAH-related liver injury.Conclusion: The gut microbiota was one of the most important factors contributing to the IAH-related liver injury, and the JNK/p38 signaling pathway was activated in this process.

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Functional Analysis of Genes Involved in Glycerolipids Biosynthesis (GPAT1 and GPAT2) in Pigs

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9060308 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 308 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ilona Mitka ◽

Katarzyna Ropka-Molik ◽

Mirosław Tyra

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Transcript Level ◽

Genes Expression ◽

Texture Parameters ◽

Longissimus Lumborum ◽

Expression Abundance ◽

Imf Content ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) enzymes catalyze the first step in triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis. Genes that belong to the GPAT family are potential genetic markers for intramuscular fat content (IMF) content and thus meat quality. The objective of this study was to analyze the expression of GPAT1 and GPAT2 genes in musculus longissimus lumborum, liver and subcutaneous fat of various breeds of pigs. Furthermore, correlations between the genes’ expression abundance and utility traits, meat quality and meat texture parameters of pork were determined. The results obtained showed significant differences in the mRNA level of GPAT1 between analyzed tissues and breeds. The highest expression of GPAT1 gene was observed in liver tissue (p ≤ 0.01). Furthermore, significantly higher GPAT1 transcript level in the m. longissimus lumborum was observed for duroc in comparison to other analyzed breeds (p ≤ 0.05). Expression of the GPAT2 gene was shown only in the liver tissues, however statistically significant differences between the analyzed breeds were not observed. Correlation analysis confirmed the highest association between GPAT2 gene expression level in liver and cohesiveness and resilience traits of m. longissimus lumborum (p ≤ 0.01).

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Factors affecting the composition of the gut microbiota, and its modulation

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.7502 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e7502 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Nihal Hasan ◽

Hongyi Yang

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

The Body ◽

Nutritional Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Specific Factors ◽

Nonspecific Factors ◽

The Relationship

Gut microbiota have important functions in the body, and imbalances in the composition and diversity of those microbiota can cause several diseases. The host fosters favorable microbiota by releasing specific factors, such as microRNAs, and nonspecific factors, such as antimicrobial peptides, mucus and immunoglobulin A that encourage the growth of specific types of bacteria and inhibit the growth of others. Diet, antibiotics, and age can change gut microbiota, and many studies have shown the relationship between disorders of the microbiota and several diseases and reported some ways to modulate that balance. In this review, we highlight how the host shapes its gut microbiota via specific and nonspecific factors, how environmental and nutritional factors affect it, and how to modulate it using prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.

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Rubidium chloride modulated the fecal microbiota community in mice

10.21203/rs.3.rs-23792/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Qian Chen ◽

Zhiguo He ◽

Yuting Zhuo ◽

Shuzhen Li ◽

Wenjing Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Community Diversity ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Sulfate Reducing ◽

Host Health ◽

Bacterial Microbiome ◽

Reducing Bacteria ◽

First Time ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: The microbiota plays an important role in host health. Although rubidium (Rb) has been used to study for depression and cancers, the interaction between microbial commensals and Rb is still unexplored. To gain the knowledge of the relationship between Rb and microbes, 51 mice receiving RbCl-based treatment and 13 untreated mice were evaluated of their characteristics and bacterial microbiome changes.Results: The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of feces showed RbCl generally maintained fecal microbial community diversity, while the shifts in fecal microbial composition were apparent after RbCl exposure for the first time. RbCl significantly enhanced the abundances of Rikenellaceae, Alistipes, Clostridium XlVa and sulfate-reducing bacteria including Deltaproteobacteria, Desulfovibrionales, Desulfovibrionaceae and Desulfovibrio. While, RbCl significantly inhibited the abundances of Tenericutes, Mollicutes, Anaeroplasmatales, Anaeroplasmataceae and Anaeroplasma lineages. Besides, with regarding to the composition of archaea, RbCl significantly enhanced the abundances of Crenarchaeota, Thermoprotei, Sulfolobales, Sulfolobaceae and Sulfolobus lineages. Conclusions: These results revealed that enrichments of Clostridium XlVa and Alistipes could affect the levels of serotonin, a critical signaling molecule of brain-gut-microbiota axis. Therefore, anticancer and anti-depressant effects of RbCl might be partly mediated by modifying brain-gut-microbiota axis.

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Involvement of Gut Microbiota in the Development of Psoriasis Vulgaris

10.1101/2020.11.16.20232025 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chaonan Sun ◽

Ling Chen ◽

Huan Yang ◽

Hongjiang Sun ◽

Zhen Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Abdominal Distension ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽

Delayed Recovery ◽

The Relationship ◽

Term Management ◽

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a common chronic recurrent dermatitis. Accumulating observations show gut microbiota dysbiosis in psoriasis.ObjectivesWe intend to further investigate the relationship between intestinal microbiota and psoriasis development.MethodsWe first performed an epidemiological investigation on differences of gastrointestinal discomfort symptoms between psoriatic patients and general population. Then variation of gut microbiota in psoriatic patients (un)treated with Acitretin was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. We last compared recovery status and vital cytokines of mouse psoriasiform models, which were transplanted with fecal microbiota from psoriatic patients or healthy controls.Results(1) 85.53% of psoriatic patients versus 58.08% of healthy controls presented with at least one gastrointestinal symptom. The prevalence of investigated symptoms (e.g. abdominal distension, constipation) were significantly higher in patients, compared with controls (p<0.05). Increased fart and constipation were significantly correlated with psoriasis (p<0.05, respectively). (2) The abundance of Ruminococcaceae family, Coprococcus_1 genus and Blautia genus were significantly decreased with psoriasis improvement, which had been demonstrated significantly increased in psoriasis. (3) Mice receiving psoriatic microflora transplantation showed significantly delayed recovery of psoriasiform dermatitis and less reduction of IL-17A, than those receiving healthy microflora or blank control (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively).ConclusionsMultiple evidences we provided here demonstrate the involvement of gut microbiota in psoriasis development. The strategy based on gut microbiota is expected to be a promising supplementary for long-term management of psoriasis.

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Dysbiosis and obesity: implications of the gut microbiota

International Journal of Nutrology ◽

10.54448/ijn2135 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Alexandre Carli Pinto ◽

Danilo Everton Cunha Cavalcante ◽

Etianne Andrade Araújo ◽

Francione Moreira Cabral ◽

Jhonatas Mota Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Mucosal Permeability ◽

Health Crisis ◽

Public Health Crisis ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽

Fundamental Relationship ◽

The Relationship ◽

Present Systematic Review

Introduction: Obesity has been considered a public health crisis, contributing as a risk factor for several important chronic diseases and even death. Considering this fact, it is noteworthy that there is a fundamental relationship between the intestine and health, and this organ is considered by modern medicine as our second brain in the concept of intestinal permeability. Within the evaluation of the food process, effective nutritional absorption can be altered due to imbalances, such as malabsorption, drug-nutrient interaction, changes in mucosal permeability, and, consequently, an imbalance in the gut microbiota. Dysbiosis is characterized by these negative changes that occur in the intestine. In this sense, the present systematic review study sought to answer: What influences can the microbiota composition have on the metabolic syndrome and obesity process? Objective: To elucidate the relationship between the presence of intestinal dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of obesity. Methods: This is a bibliographic review work where the MEDLINE, PubMed, and SciELO databases were consulted using the following descriptors: Human gut microbiota, obesity, dysbiosis. Results and Conclusion: Based on the literature that supports this theme, it was possible to observe that in the obese population there is an increase in bacteria of the genus Firmicutes and a decrease in the genus Bacteriodetes, with the blocking of factors and proteins that regulate the homeostasis of the absorption of lipids and fatty acids being observed thus being able to alter the energy metabolism leading to a greater accumulation of adipose tissue.

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