Opportunities and Challenges of Nanoparticles in Digestive Tumours as Anti-Angiogenic Therapies

Digestive tumours, a common kind of malignancy worldwide, have recently led to the most tumour-related deaths. Angiogenesis, the process of forming novel blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, is involved in various physiological and pathological processes in the body. Many studies suggest that abnormal angiogenesis plays an important role in the growth, progression, and metastasis of digestive tumours. Therefore, anti-angiogenic therapy is considered a promising target for improving therapeutic efficacy. Traditional strategies such as bevacizumab and regorafenib can target and block the activity of proangiogenic factors to treat digestive tumours. However, due to resistance and some limitations, such as poor pharmacokinetics, their efficacy is not always satisfactory. In recent years, nanotechnology-based anti-angiogenic therapies have emerged as a new way to treat digestive tumours. Compared with commonly used drugs, nanoparticles show great potential in tumour targeted delivery, controlled drug release, prolonged cycle time, and increased drug bioavailability. Therefore, anti-angiogenic nanoparticles may be an effective complementary therapy to treat digestive tumours. In this review, we outline the different mechanisms of angiogenesis, the effects of nanoparticles on angiogenesis, and their biomedical applications in various kinds of digestive tumours. In addition, the opportunities and challenges are briefly discussed.

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Nanostructured Ketorolac-Tromethamine/MCF: Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Drug Release System

Current Nanoscience ◽

10.2174/1573413714666180222134742 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 432-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juliana M. Juarez ◽

Jorgelina Cussa ◽

Marcos B. Gomez Costa ◽

Oscar A. Anunziata

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Therapeutic Efficacy ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Controlled Drug Release ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

The Body ◽

Fickian Diffusion ◽

Ketorolac Tromethamine

Background: Controlled drug delivery systems can maintain the concentration of drugs in the exact sites of the body within the optimum range and below the toxicity threshold, improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing toxicity. Mesostructured Cellular Foam (MCF) material is a new promising host for drug delivery systems due to high biocompatibility, in vivo biodegradability and low toxicity. Methods: Ketorolac-Tromethamine/MCF composite was synthesized. The material synthesis and loading of ketorolac-tromethamine into MCF pores were successful as shown by XRD, FTIR, TGA, TEM and textural analyses. Results: We obtained promising results for controlled drug release using the novel MCF material. The application of these materials in KETO release is innovative, achieving an initial high release rate and then maintaining a constant rate at high times. This allows keeping drug concentration within the range of therapeutic efficacy, being highly applicable for the treatment of diseases that need a rapid response. The release of KETO/MCF was compared with other containers of KETO (KETO/SBA-15) and commercial tablets. Conclusion: The best model to fit experimental data was Ritger-Peppas equation. Other models used in this work could not properly explain the controlled drug release of this material. The predominant release of KETO from MCF was non-Fickian diffusion.

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Towards feedback-controlled nanomedicines for smart, adaptive delivery

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1177/1535370218800456 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 244 (4) ◽

pp. 283-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Stephen J. Jones ◽

Annette F. Taylor ◽

Paul A Beales

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

The Body ◽

Living Systems ◽

Prolonged Release ◽

Drug Bioavailability ◽

Drug Release Profile ◽

Chemical Systems

Nanomedicines for controlled drug release provide temporal and spatial regulation of drug bioavailability in the body. The timing of drug release is usually engineered either for slow gradual release over an extended period of time or for rapid release triggered by a specific change in its physicochemical environment. However, between these two extremes, there is the desirable possibility of adaptive nanomedicines that dynamically modulate drug release in tune with its changing environment. Adaptation and response through communication with its environment is a fundamental trait of living systems; therefore, the design of biomimetic nanomedicines through the approaches of bottom-up synthetic biology provides a viable route to this goal. This could enable drug delivery systems to optimize release in synchronicity with the body’s natural biological rhythms and the personalized physiological characteristics of the patient, e.g. their metabolic rate. Living systems achieve this responsiveness through feedback-controlled biochemical processes that regulate their functional outputs. Towards this goal of adaptive drug delivery systems, we review the general benefits of nanomedicine formulations, provide existing examples of experimental nanomedicines that encapsulate the metabolic function of enzymes, and give relevant examples of feedback-controlled chemical systems. These are the underpinning concepts that hold promise to be combined to form novel adaptive release systems. Furthermore, we motivate the advantages of adaptive release through chronobiological examples. By providing a brief review of these topics and an assessment of the state of the art, we aim to provide a useful resource to accelerate developments in this field. Impact statement The timing and rate of release of pharmaceuticals from advanced drug delivery systems is an important property that has received considerable attention in the scientific literature. Broadly, these mostly fall into two classes: controlled release with a prolonged release rate or triggered release where the drug is rapidly released in response to an environmental stimulus. This review aims to highlight the potential for developing adaptive release systems that more subtlety modulate the drug release profile through continuous communication with its environment facilitated through feedback control. By reviewing the key elements of this approach in one place (fundamental principles of nanomedicine, enzymatic nanoreactors for medical therapies and feedback-controlled chemical systems) and providing additional motivating case studies in the context of chronobiology, we hope to inspire innovative development of novel “chrononanomedicines.”

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Drug Delivery Devices and Targeting Agents for Platinum(II) Anticancer Complexes

Australian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1071/ch08157 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 61 (9) ◽

pp. 675 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Anwen M. Krause-Heuer ◽

Maxine P. Grant ◽

Nikita Orkey ◽

Janice R. Aldrich-Wright

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Drug Transport ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Controlled Drug Release ◽

Drug Bioavailability ◽

Platinum Drug ◽

Drug Delivery Devices

An ideal platinum-based delivery device would be one that selectively targets cancerous cells, can be systemically delivered, and is non-toxic to normal cells. It would be beneficial to provide drug delivery devices for platinum-based anticancer agents that exhibit high drug transport capacity, good water solubility, stability during storage, reduced toxicity, and enhanced anticancer activity in vivo. However, the challenges for developing drug delivery devices include carrier stability in vivo, the method by which extracellular or intracellular drug release is achieved, overcoming the various mechanisms of cell resistance to drugs, controlled drug release to cancer cells, and platinum drug bioavailability. There are many potential candidates under investigation including cucurbit[n]urils, cyclodextrins, calix[n]arenes, and dendrimers, with the most promising being those that are synthetically adaptable enough to attach to targeting agents.

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Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Glaucoma: Most Advanced Systems Review

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11111742 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1742 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Olga Cegielska ◽

Paweł Sajkiewicz

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Side Effects ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

Drug Targets ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Controlled Drug Release ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Drug Bioavailability

Each year, new glaucoma drug delivery systems are developed. Due to the chronic nature of the disease, it requires the inconvenient daily administration of medications. As a result of their elution from the eye surface and penetration to the bloodstream through undesired permeation routes, the bioavailability of active compounds is low, and systemic side effects occur. Despite numerous publications on glaucoma drug carriers of controlled drug release kinetics, only part of them consider drug permeation routes and, thus, carriers’ location, as an important factor affecting drug delivery. In this paper, we try to demonstrate the importance of the delivery proximal to glaucoma drug targets. The targeted delivery can significantly improve drug bioavailability, reduce side effects, and increase patients’ compliance compared to both commercial and scientifically developed formulations that can spread over the eye surface or stay in contact with conjunctival sac. We present a selection of glaucoma drug carriers intended to be placed on cornea or injected into the aqueous humor and that have been made by advanced materials using hi-tech forming methods, allowing for effective and convenient sustained antiglaucoma drug delivery.

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Design of Soft Nanocarriers Combining Hyaluronic Acid with Another Functional Polymer for Cancer Therapy and Other Biomedical Applications

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics11070338 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 338 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marlène Rippe ◽

Vanina Cosenza ◽

Rachel Auzély-Velty

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

The Body ◽

New Drugs ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Surface Receptors ◽

Synthetic Approaches ◽

Physical And Chemical

The rapid advancement in medicine requires the search for new drugs, but also for new carrier systems for more efficient and targeted delivery of the bioactive molecules. Among the latter, polymeric nanocarriers have an increasingly growing potential for clinical applications due to their unique physical and chemical characteristics. In this regard, nanosystems based on hyaluronic acid (HA), a polysaccharide which is ubiquitous in the body, have attracted particular interest because of the biocompatibility, biodegradability and nonimmunogenic property provided by HA. Furthermore, the fact that hyaluronic acid can be recognized by cell surface receptors in tumor cells, makes it an ideal candidate for the targeted delivery of anticancer drugs. In this review, we compile a comprehensive overview of the different types of soft nanocarriers based on HA conjugated or complexed with another polymer: micelles, nanoparticles, nanogels and polymersomes. Emphasis is made on the properties of the polymers used as well as the synthetic approaches for obtaining the different HA-polymer systems. Fabrication, characterization and potential biomedical applications of the nanocarriers will also be described.

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Dendrimeric Micelles for Controlled Drug Release and Targeted Delivery

Molecular Pharmaceutics ◽

10.1021/mp050020d ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 264-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 156

Author(s):

Ashootosh V. Ambade ◽

Elamprakash N. Savariar ◽

S. Thayumanavan

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

Controlled Drug Release

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Recent Advances in Degradable Hybrids of Biomolecules and NGs for Targeted Delivery

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24101873 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (10) ◽

pp. 1873 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Iwona Stanislawska ◽

Wioletta Liwinska ◽

Marek Lyp ◽

Zbigniew Stojek ◽

Ewelina Zabost

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Drug Release ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Immunological Response ◽

Future Directions ◽

Self Defense ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Fast Development ◽

Physical Consequences

Recently, the fast development of hybrid nanogels dedicated to various applications has been seen. In this context, nanogels incorporating biomolecules into their nanonetworks are promising innovative carriers that gain great potential in biomedical applications. Hybrid nanogels containing various types of biomolecules are exclusively designed for: improved and controlled release of drugs, targeted delivery, improvement of biocompatibility, and overcoming of immunological response and cell self-defense. This review provides recent advances in this rapidly developing field and concentrates on: (1) the key physical consequences of using hybrid nanogels and introduction of biomolecules; (2) the construction and functionalization of degradable hybrid nanogels; (3) the advantages of hybrid nanogels in controlled and targeted delivery; and (4) the analysis of the specificity of drug release mechanisms in hybrid nanogels. The limitations and future directions of hybrid nanogels in targeted specific- and real-time delivery are also discussed.

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Double Emulsion with Ultrathin Shell by Microfluidic Step-Emulsification

Lab on a Chip ◽

10.1039/d0lc01044h ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xinjin Ge ◽

Boris Rubinstein ◽

Yifeng He ◽

Frederick Bruce ◽

Liaonan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Double Emulsion ◽

Controlled Drug Release ◽

Double Emulsions ◽

Production Techniques

Double emulsions with ultrathin shells are important in some biomedical applications, such as controlled drug release. However, the existing production techniques require two or more manipulation steps, or more complicated...

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Cell Responses to Electrical Pulse Stimulation for Anticancer Drug Release

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12162633 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (16) ◽

pp. 2633 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anna Puiggalí-Jou ◽

Luis J. del Valle ◽

Carlos Alemán

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Drug Release ◽

Anticancer Drug ◽

Smart Materials ◽

Controlled Drug Release ◽

Electrical Stimulus ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

The Body ◽

Electrical Pulse Stimulation ◽

Drug Molecules

Electrical stimulation is an attractive approach to tune on-demand drug release in the body as it relies on simple setups and requires typically 1 V or less. Although many studies have been focused on the development of potential smart materials for electrically controlled drug release, as well as on the exploration of different delivery mechanisms, progress in the field is slow because the response of cells exposed to external electrical stimulus is frequently omitted from such investigations. In this work, we monitor the behavior of prostate and breast cancer cells (PC-3 and MCF7, respectively) exposed to electroactive platforms loaded with curcumin, a hydrophobic anticancer drug. These consist in conducting polymer nanoparticles, which release drug molecules by altering their interactions with polymer, and electrospun polyester microfibres that contain electroactive nanoparticles able to alter the porosity of the matrix through an electro-mechanical actuation mechanism. The response of the cells against different operating conditions has been examined considering their viability, metabolism, spreading and shape. Results have allowed us to differentiate the damage induced in the cell by the electrical stimulation from other effects, as for example, the anticancer activity of curcumin and/or the presence of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles or fibres, demonstrating that these kinds of platforms can be effective when the dosage of the drug occurs under restricted conditions.

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Biomedical applications of polymers 2001 - 2002

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly.2003.3.1.141 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joseph Jagur-Grodzinski

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Gene Therapy ◽

Gene Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Controlled Drug Release ◽

Artificial Organs ◽

Drug And Gene Delivery

Abstract Papers published during 2001 - 2002 on the synthesis and preparation of polymers and polymer-based devices and their applications are reviewed. Polymers for drug and gene delivery, gene therapy, controlled drug release, conjugation with peptides, proteins, and nucleotides, tissue engineering, bone repair and regeneration, coatings, wound dressing, artificial skin and other artificial organs are discussed.

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