No Spread of SARS-CoV-2 From Infected Symptomatic Children to Parents: A Prospective Cohort Study in a Controlled Hospital Setting

Introduction: The transmission rates severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from children to adults are unclear due to a lack of controlled conditions.Materials and Methods: We investigated the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission among 12 discordant child-parent pairs in our ward. In each hospital isolation room, caregivers and children lived in close contact during the entire hospitalization period.Results: A total of 136 swab-positive children (mean age, 3.6 ± 4.9 median age, 1; IQR 0–6.2, range 0.1–17) attended by their caregivers were hospitalized. Of those, 12/136 (8.8%, mean age, 6.1 ± 5.3 median age, 4.5) were attended by caregivers who were swab and serology negative at admission despite previous close contact with positive children at home. Three children were completely dependent on their mothers, one of whom was being breastfed. The mean duration of overall exposure to the index case was 20.5 ± 8.2 days.Conclusion: None of the infected children transmitted SARS-CoV-2 infection to their caregivers, raising the hypothesis of a cluster of resistant mothers or of limited transmission from children to adults despite prolonged exposure and close contact. These data might provide reassurance regarding school openings and offer the chance of investigating SARS-CoV-2 variants in the future under the same quasi-experimental conditions.

Download Full-text

Transmission of community- and hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 in hospital settings in the UK: A cohort study

PLoS Medicine ◽

10.1371/journal.pmed.1003816 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. e1003816

Author(s):

Yin Mo ◽

David W. Eyre ◽

Sheila F. Lumley ◽

Timothy M. Walker ◽

Robert H. Shaw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Infection Risk ◽

Control Measures ◽

Infection Prevention And Control ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Hospitalised Patients ◽

The Mean ◽

Transmission Pathways ◽

Hospital Acquired

Background Nosocomial spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been widely reported, but the transmission pathways among patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) are unclear. Identifying the risk factors and drivers for these nosocomial transmissions is critical for infection prevention and control interventions. The main aim of our study was to quantify the relative importance of different transmission pathways of SARS-CoV-2 in the hospital setting. Methods and findings This is an observational cohort study using data from 4 teaching hospitals in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, from January to October 2020. Associations between infectious SARS-CoV-2 individuals and infection risk were quantified using logistic, generalised additive and linear mixed models. Cases were classified as community- or hospital-acquired using likely incubation periods of 3 to 7 days. Of 66,184 patients who were hospitalised during the study period, 920 had a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test within the same period (1.4%). The mean age was 67.9 (±20.7) years, 49.2% were females, and 68.5% were from the white ethnic group. Out of these, 571 patients had their first positive PCR tests while hospitalised (62.1%), and 97 of these occurred at least 7 days after admission (10.5%). Among the 5,596 HCWs, 615 (11.0%) tested positive during the study period using PCR or serological tests. The mean age was 39.5 (±11.1) years, 78.9% were females, and 49.8% were nurses. For susceptible patients, 1 day in the same ward with another patient with hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 was associated with an additional 7.5 infections per 1,000 susceptible patients (95% credible interval (CrI) 5.5 to 9.5/1,000 susceptible patients/day) per day. Exposure to an infectious patient with community-acquired Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) or to an infectious HCW was associated with substantially lower infection risks (2.0/1,000 susceptible patients/day, 95% CrI 1.6 to 2.2). As for HCW infections, exposure to an infectious patient with hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 or to an infectious HCW were both associated with an additional 0.8 infection per 1,000 susceptible HCWs per day (95% CrI 0.3 to 1.6 and 0.6 to 1.0, respectively). Exposure to an infectious patient with community-acquired SARS-CoV-2 was associated with less than half this risk (0.2/1,000 susceptible HCWs/day, 95% CrI 0.2 to 0.2). These assumptions were tested in sensitivity analysis, which showed broadly similar results. The main limitations were that the symptom onset dates and HCW absence days were not available. Conclusions In this study, we observed that exposure to patients with hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 is associated with a substantial infection risk to both HCWs and other hospitalised patients. Infection control measures to limit nosocomial transmission must be optimised to protect both staff and patients from SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Download Full-text

The effect of a short ultrasound training course on the performance of emergency medical technicians in terms of using extended-focused assessment with sonography in trauma (E-FAST) in the pre-hospital setting

Journal of Emergency Practice and Trauma ◽

10.34172/jept.2021.09 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 97-100

Author(s):

Anita Sabzghabaei ◽

Fariba Farahi ◽

Masoud Ghanbari Boroujeni ◽

Hamidreza Hatamabadi

Keyword(s):

Work Experience ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Emergency Medical Technicians ◽

Free Fluid ◽

Training Course ◽

Emergency Medical ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Mean ◽

Thoracic And Abdominal

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an ultrasound training course on the performance of emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in terms of using extended-focused assessment with sonography in trauma (E-FAST) in the pre-hospital setting. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 107 EMTs affiliated to Shahid Beheshti and Kashan Universities of Medical Sciences, were randomly selected. At first, the EMTs were given a pre-test of five images concerning normal and abnormal ultrasound views of thoracic and abdominal cavities. Then, 6 hours of theoretical and practical sessions were done by emergency medicine specialists to teach the EMTs to use ultrasound for the detection of pneumothorax and free fluid. The EMTs were tested again in the form of 18 images post-test as well as a 13-item survey to evaluate their skills in taking correct 10 E-FAST. Results: A total of 107 EMTs with the mean age of 27±15.21 and average of 3.5 years work experience participated in this study. The mean of test score increased from 0.57± 0.19 to 0.81±0.08 (with P < 0.001) out of the total score of 100. In the 4-graded survey, 98% of EMTs obtained good to excellent grades in working with ultrasound machine. Also, 50.5% of EMTs were good in taking Morison’s view and 46.6% and 45.6% had medium grades in pericardial and splenorenal views, respectively. In addition, 22.3% had weak grades in taking pericardial views. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the implementation of the training course significantly improved the accuracy of free fluid detection in thoracic and abdominal cavities by EMTs.

Download Full-text

Articulatory Behavior Pre and Post Full-Mouth Tooth Extraction and Alveoloplasty

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.2303.630 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 630-645 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gerald Zimmermann ◽

J.A. Scott Kelso ◽

Larry Lander

Keyword(s):

Control Subject ◽

High Speed ◽

Tooth Extraction ◽

Kinematic Parameters ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Mean Values ◽

Articulatory Movements ◽

The Mean ◽

Experimental Subjects ◽

Normal Speech

High speed cinefluorography was used to track articulatory movements preceding and following full-mouth tooth extraction and alveoloplasty in two subjects. Films also were made of a control subject on two separate days. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of dramatically altering the structural dimensions of the oral cavity on the kinematic parameters of speech. The results showed that the experimental subjects performed differently pre and postoperatively though the changes were in different directions for the two subjects. Differences in both means and variabilities of kinematic parameters were larger between days for the experimental (operated) subjects than for the control subject. The results for the Control subject also showed significant differences in the mean values of kinematic variables between days though these day-to-day differences could not account for the effects found pre- and postoperatively. The results of the kinematic analysis, particularly the finding that transition time was most stable over the experimental conditions for the operated subjects, are used to speculate about the coordination of normal speech.

Download Full-text

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies

TAJ Journal of Teachers Association ◽

10.3329/taj.v33i1.49824 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 41-47

Author(s):

Mohsena Akhter ◽

Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽

Zulfiqer Hossain Khan ◽

Mahfuza Akhter ◽

Gulam Kazem Ali Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Diseases ◽

Close Contact ◽

Randomized Study ◽

Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Common Skin ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Group B

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies. Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patients were followed up on day 7 and 14 for assessment of efficacy and safety. Result: The mean scoring with SD in group A (Ivermectin) and group B (Permethrin) were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01 respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) the mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7thdays. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical application of permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 41-47

Download Full-text

Efektivitas Comprehensive Breastfeeding Education terhadap Keberhasilan Pemberian Air Susu Ibu Postpartum

Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran ◽

10.24198/jkp.v1i2.56 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Irma Nurbaeti ◽

Kustati Budi Lestari

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Breastfeeding Support ◽

Breastfeeding Practices ◽

Breastfeeding Education ◽

Repeated Measures Analysis ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Mean ◽

Convenience Sampling ◽

Postpartum Mothers

Pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) masih merupakan masalah bagi pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi bayi baru lahir. Dukungan agar ibu menyusui bayi merupakan hal penting dalam menginisiasi dan mempertahankan pemberian ASI. Strategi dibutuhkan untuk mendukung keberhasilan menyusui. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis efektivitas comprehensive breastfeeding education terhadap keberhasilan pemberian (ASI) pada periode postpartum. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan kuasi eksperimen one group pre post test repeated measured design. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 22 ibu dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan pada bulan September–Oktober 2013 di Puskesmas wilayah Kota Tangerang Selatan. Intervensi dilakukan selama 30 menit. Pengumpulan data dilakukan sebelum intervensi, 3 hari setelah intervensi (post1), dan 10 hari setelah intervensi (post 2). Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan observasi. Keberhasilan pemberian ASI berdasar pada parameter pengetahuan, langkah menyusui, perlekatan bayi, dan kecukupan ASI. Analisis data menggunakan general linear model repeated measureANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya signifikansi comprehensive breastfeeding education (p=0.001). Rata-rata keberhasilan pemberian ASI sebelum dan setelah intervensi meningkat. Sebesar 93,9% intervensi memengaruhi tingkat keberhasilan. Rata-rata sebelum intervensi 56,74 (SD 5,92), post 1 sebesar 60,83 (SD 6,38) dan post2 sebesar 74,55 (SD 5,32). Subvariabel yang memiliki efek secara signifikan setelah intervensi adalah pengetahuan (p=0.001) dan langkah menyusui (p=0.001), sedangkan subvariabel perlekatan bayi (p=0.061) dan kecukupan ASI (p=0.162) tidak secara signifikan berbeda antara sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Pelaksanaanbreastfeeding education disarankan pada ibu agar dapat melakukan posisi perlekatan bayi yang benar sehingga dapat mengurangi masalah-masalah berkaitan dengan perlekatan yang tidak sesuai seperti puting perih, lecet atau berdarah, dan bayi kurang puas dalam menyusu yang bisa mengakibatkan gagalnya program ASI ekslusif.Kata kunci:Menyusui, pendidikan, perlekatan, postpartum AbstractBreastfeeding have still been problem for adequate newborn nutrition. Adequate breastfeeding support is essential for mothers to initiate and maintain optimal breastfeeding practices. A strategic needed to support successful breastfeeding. The purpose of research is to analyze the effectiveness comprehensive breastfeeding education on successful breastfeeding at postpartum periods. A quasi-experimental one group pretest, post test, repeated mesaured was used. This study was conducted at public health in Tangerang Selatan municipality in September–October 2013 among 22 postpartum mothers, convenience sampling methods. Intervention was done 30 minute. Data were collected before intervention (pretest), third day after intervention (post 1) and tenth day after intervention (repeated/post 2) using four parameter, that are knowledge, breastfeeding steps, proper lacth-on and adequate breastmilk. Using repeated measures analysis of variance there was a significant increase (p=0.001) in the overall Successful breastfeeding mean. Around 93,9% the effectiveness of intervention influence on successful. The mean before intervention is 56,74 (SD 5,92), increased at post 1:60,83 (SD 6,38) and post 2:74,55 (SD 5,32). Subvariable which has effect significantly after intervention is knowledge (p=0.001) and breastfeeding steps (p=0.001), in contrary, proper latch-on (p=0,061) and adequate breastmilk (p=0.162) have no significant effect after intervention. Suggestion to support breastfeeding education and counselling proper latch-on adequately that can decrease the problem such as painful, creaks or bloody putting.Key words: Breastfeeding, education, latch-on, postpartum

Download Full-text

Mantle Of The Expert Strategy Effectiveness In The Development Of Creative Thinking

10.31124/advance.7763264.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ibrahim Arman

Keyword(s):

Creative Thinking ◽

Role Playing ◽

Thinking Skills ◽

Measurement Unit ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Mean ◽

Girls School ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

This study aimed at investigating the Effectiveness of Mantle of the Expert in creative thinking Skills among the 7th Graders. The study conducted on a sample of 7th Graders at Kober Secondary Boys School and Upper Kober Elementary Girls School. The study sample consisted of (100) students split into two groups (experimental and control). The researcher adopting the Torrance test for creative thinking the verbal image "A" by examining the tests used in the Ristow study (1988), Edwards and Baldov (1987) study, and designing a teacher book for the (engineering and measurement) unit according to the integration between the strategies of the mantle of the expert and role playing. This study adopted quasi-experimental design. It included two groups (experimental and controlled) in two branches (males and females) for each group. The controlled group was taught by using the traditional method whereas the experimental group by the mantle of the expert. The data analyzed using (ANCOVA) test to measure the differences in the development of creative thinking between the control and experimental groups. The Conclusions showed that there are statistically significant differences in the mean scores of the creative thinking test due to the way, gender and interaction between them. Based on the Conclusions of the study, the researcher recommends the need to use the mantles of the expert in the teaching of mathematics.

Download Full-text

A multicenter prospective hospital-based cohort study on the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin.

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399817666201228164243 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Abdullah Shehab ◽

Asim Ahmed Elnour ◽

Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula ◽

Joseph Pulavelil Kurian ◽

Gazi Hassan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Adverse Events ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Onset Diabetes ◽

The Mean ◽

New Onset

Aims: We aim to investigate the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin 4 mg in a population of people living in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Background: Pitavastatin is a member of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors family which was approved for use in adult subjects with primary hyperlipidemia or mixed dyslipidemia. To date, no published studies have assessed the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin in the United Arab Emirates. Objective: The main objective of the current study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin in subjects with dyslipidemia for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases based on total cardiovascular risk. Methods: This was a multicentre (four private hospitals) prospective cohort study to analyze data on the use of pitavastatin for dyslipidemia in adult outpatients in Abu Dhabi and Dubai emirates, United Arab Emirates. We have followed-up the clinical profiles of subjects in four hospitals for six-weeks during the period from June 2015 to June 2017. Efficacy was based on the evaluation of the mean (± standard deviation) change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between baseline and week six after the initiation of pitavastatin therapy. Safety was reported as the incidence of adverse events occurred with the use of pitavastatin and the development of new-onset diabetes. Results: A total of 400 subjects who were receiving pitavastatin 4 mg were included. The mean age of subjects was 50.7 ±10.8 years, of these 79.0% were males. At the baseline, the mean level of total cholesterol was 185.4 ±41.5 mg/dL, low density lipoprotein was 154.9 ±48.55 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 40.5 ±11.23 mg/dL and fasting blood glucose was 115.0 (±16.63) mg/dl. At the end of six weeks, low density lipoprotein levels significantly decreased to 112.09 ±41.90 mg/dl (standard mean difference [SMD] (-42.8%), 95% CI: -42.88 [-49.17 to -36.58] mg/dl, P <0.001), while high density lipoprotein levels improved (SMD, 95% CI: 1.77% [0.25 to 3.28] mg/dl, P <0.022). There were 55 subjects (13.7%) reported various adverse events such as myalgia (7.5%), sleep disorders (2.5%), and myopathy (2.2%). Furthermore, 4 (1.0%) have had developed new-onset diabetes post six-weeks of initiation of pitavastatin therapy. Conclusion: Pitavastatin 4 mg had howed robust efficacy in reducing LDL-C levels and improving HDL-C levels in subjects with dyslipidemias. The use of pitavastatin was associated with a low discontinuation rate, fewer adverse events, and very limited cases of new-onset diabetes.

Download Full-text

Optimised retinopathy of prematurity screening guideline in China based on a 5-year cohort study

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316401 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316401

Author(s):

Qian Yang ◽

Xiaohong Zhou ◽

Yingqin Ni ◽

Haidong Shan ◽

Wenjing Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Predictive Performance ◽

Screening Guideline ◽

Postmenstrual Age ◽

The Mean ◽

Type 1 Rop ◽

Rop Screening

PurposesTo develop an optimised retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening guideline by adjusting the screening schedule and thresholds of gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW).MethodsA multicentre retrospective cohort study was conducted based on data from four tertiary neonatal intensive care units in Shanghai, China. The medical records of enrolled infants, born from 2012 to 2016 who underwent ROP examinations, were collected and analysed. The incidence and risk factors for ROP were analysed in all infants. Postnatal age (PNA) and postmenstrual age (PMA) of infants, detected to diagnose ROP for the first time, were compared with the present examination schedule. The predictive performance of screening models was evaluated by internally validating sensitivity and specificity.ResultsOf the 5606 eligible infants, ROP was diagnosed in 892 (15.9%) infants; 63 (1.1%) of them received treatment. The mean GA of ROP patients was 29.4±2.4 weeks, and the mean BW was 1260±330 g. Greater prematurity was associated with an older PNA at which ROP developed. The minimum PMA and PNA at which diagnosis of treatable ROP occurred were 32.43 and 3 weeks, respectively. The optimised criteria (GA <32 weeks or BW <1600 g) correctly predicted 98.4% type 1 ROP infants, reducing the infants requiring examinations by 43.2% when internally validated.ConclusionsThe incidence of type 1 ROP and the mean GA and BW of ROP infants have decreased in China. The suggested screening threshold and schedule may be reliably used to guide the modification of ROP screening guideline and decrease medical costs.

Download Full-text

Real-world effectiveness of app-based treatment for urinary incontinence: a cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040819 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e040819

Author(s):

Pontus Rygh ◽

Ina Asklund ◽

Eva Samuelsson

Keyword(s):

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Real World ◽

Short Form ◽

Pelvic Floor Muscle ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

International Consultation ◽

The Mean

ObjectivesThe efficacy of app-based treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has been demonstrated in a randomised controlled trial (RCT). In this study, we investigate the user characteristics and the effectiveness of the same app when freely available, and compare these results with the RCT.DesignProspective cohort study.ParticipantsDuring a 17-month period, 24 602 non-pregnant, non-postpartum women older than 18 years downloaded the app and responded anonymously to a questionnaire. Of these, 2672 (11%) responded to the 3-month follow-up.InterventionThree months’ use of the app Tät, containing information, a pelvic floor muscle training programme and lifestyle advice.Main outcome measuresChange in symptom severity (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF)) and subjective improvement (Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I)).ResultsOf the respondents, 88% lived in Sweden and 75% (18 384/24 602) were incontinent with a mean age of 45.5 (SD 14.1) years. The UI types, based on symptoms, were SUI (53%), urgency UI (12%), mixed UI (31%) and undefined (4%). The mean ICIQ-UI SF score was 8.2 (SD 4.0) at baseline. The mean ICIQ-UI SF score reduction at follow-up was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.19 to 1.44) with a larger reduction in those with more severe incontinence at baseline (severe/very severe 3.23 (95% CI: 2.85 to 3.61), moderate 1.41 (95% CI: 1.24 to 1.59) and slight 0.24 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.42). When the results were weighted to match the distribution of severity in the RCT, the ICIQ-UI SF score reduction was 2.2 compared with 3.9 in the RCT. Regarding PGI-I, 65% experienced improvement compared with 92% in the RCT.ConclusionsThe app Tät was effective for self-management of UI even in the real world. Although the reduction in incontinence symptoms was less than in the RCT, two-thirds of the users improved. App-based treatment reaches many women without requiring resources from ordinary healthcare services.

Download Full-text

The effect of face-to-face and virtual prenatal care training of spouses on the pregnancy experience and fear of childbirth of primiparous women: A controlled quasi-experimental study

Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare ◽

10.1177/1357633x211024101 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1357633X2110241

Author(s):

Zari Doaltabadi ◽

Leila Amiri-Farahani ◽

Seyedeh Batool Hasanpoor-Azghady ◽

Shima Haghani

Keyword(s):

Prenatal Care ◽

Fear Of Childbirth ◽

Virtual Training ◽

Face To Face ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Care Training ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Primiparous Women

Introduction The spouse has a special role in promoting the health of mothers and infants during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. Women's health during pregnancy requires the participation and cooperation of their spouses. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of face-to-face and virtual prenatal care training of spouses on the pregnancy experience and fear of childbirth of primiparous women. Methods This is a quasi-experimental clinical trial that was conducted on primiparous pregnant women referring to three prenatal clinics in Tehran, Iran. Sampling was done by available method and pregnant women were divided into three groups of face-to-face training ( n = 35), virtual training ( n = 35), and control ( n = 33). The content of training program in the virtual and face-to-face groups was similar and included; nutrition during pregnancy, emotional support, fetal growth and development, advantages and disadvantages of vaginal delivery, planning for delivery, infant care, and danger signs for infants, which were presented in four sessions. The samples in the control group did not receive any training. In the 18th and 20th weeks of pregnancy, the demographic information form, pregnancy experience scale, and version A of the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaires were completed, and once again in the 37th and 38th weeks of pregnancy, the pregnancy experience scale and version A of the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaires were completed. Results There was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of pregnancy experience after the intervention between the face-to-face training and control groups ( p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of uplifts between the two groups of face-to-face training and control ( p = 0.01), and also between virtual training and control groups ( p = 0.02). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups of face-to-face training and control in terms of and hassles score after the intervention ( p = 0.04). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups of face-to-face training and control ( p = 0.02) and also between virtual training and control ( p = 0.04) in terms of the mean score of fear of childbirth after the intervention. Conclusion The results of this study showed that teaching prenatal care to spouses of primiparous women by face-to-face and virtual methods can be a useful intervention in improving the pregnancy experience and reducing the fear of childbirth among primiparous women.

Download Full-text