scholarly journals The Relationships Between Hyperprolactinemia, Metabolic Disturbance, and Sexual Dysfunction in Patients With Schizophrenia Under Olanzapine Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Hua Wu ◽  
Chieh-Hsin Lin ◽  
Kah Kheng Goh ◽  
Cynthia Yi-An Chen ◽  
Chun-Hsin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between prolactin levels and sexual dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia who use olanzapine medication. The potential risk factors of hyperprolactinemia and sexual dysfunction were also investigated. Patients with schizophrenia undergoing olanzapine monotherapy were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. The Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were used to evaluate subjective sexual dysfunction and psychopathology, respectively. Levels of prolactin and metabolic parameters were also measured. In total, 279 participants with schizophrenia were recruited. The overall incidences of hyperprolactinemia, sexual dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome were 51.6, 53.8, and 43.7%, respectively. Higher ASEX scores, higher insulin levels, female sex, and younger age were associated with hyperprolactinemia. Prolactin level was significantly correlated with ASEX score. Elevated prolactin levels, concomitant antidepressant, increased insulin resistance, longer illness duration, and female sex were associated with sexual dysfunction. Female participants recorded higher levels of sexual dysfunction than their male counterparts did, whereas male participants had comparatively lower prolactin levels and lower rates of spousal partnership. Hyperprolactinemia, metabolic syndrome, and sexual dysfunction are prevalent in patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine. Clinicians should maintain awareness of these problems and monitor them regularly with their patients.

scholarly journals The relationship between premenstrual syndrome and anger

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Havva Yeşildere Sağlam ◽  
Fatma Basar
Keyword(s):  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Anger Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a significant disorder affecting the daily life of women of reproductive age. The aims of this study was to determine the PMS prevalence and the examination of the relationship between PMS and anger. Methods: This was a cross sectional study. The study was carried out with 720 women between the ages of 15-49 living in the province of Kutahya, Turkey. A Personal Information Form, the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS) and the State-Trait Anger Scale (STAS) were used to collect data. Results: The PMS prevalence was 48.75%. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of constant anger, anger-in, anger-out and anger control subscales (p <0.001). The average scores of women with PMS for constant anger anger-in and anger-out was significantly higher. The anger control scores were at a significantly lower level. Conclusion: Women with PMS had higher anger and lower anger control levels. It should be advisable to recommend anger control management and provide social support so these women can cope with the symptoms. The result of our study emphasizes the importance of careful assessment of anger in women with premenstrual symptoms. How to cite this:Saglam HY, Basar F. The relationship between premenstrual syndrome and anger. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(2):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.2.232 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Adolescent-Onset Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Disease Features

Dermatology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Molina-Leyva ◽  
Carlos Cuenca-Barrales
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Positive

Background/Aims: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory and destructive skin disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to stop its progression. Data concerning adolescent-onset HS are scarce. The aims of this study are to describe the prevalence of adolescent-onset HS and to explore potential risk factors and the disease features of these patients. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study including 134 patients was performed. Results: Adolescent-onset HS occurred in 51.5% (69/134) of patients. Adolescent-onset HS was associated with female sex, positive family history, presence of pilonidal sinus, acne conglobata, longer disease duration and a worse perception of disease severity. Conclusion: Adolescent-onset HS might be more frequent than previously reported. Female sex, positive family history and the presence of elements of the follicular occlusion tetrad identify individuals with a higher risk of early onset. These patients experience a longer disease duration and perceive their disease as severer.

scholarly journals Sexual Dysfunction and Marital Relationship in Women With Schizophrenia in Comparison with Caregivers: A Hospital-based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Suvarna Jyothi Kantipudi ◽  
Navina Suresh ◽  
Poornima Ayyadurai ◽  
Sathianathan Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Sexual Functioning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Women Caregivers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relationship Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Sexual dysfunction is common in females with schizophrenia and is attributed to multiple causes, including individual psychopathology and antipsychotics. Understanding the impact of relationship satisfaction on sexual functioning is not widely studied in schizophrenia. Women caregivers also experience sexual problems and were not studied in the past. Aim: To assess the nature and occurrence of sexual dysfunction in women with schizophrenia in comparison to caregivers of males without severe mental disorder. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 30 women with schizophrenia were recruited as cases and 26 age-matched controls were recruited from female caregivers. All subjects were assessed using standardized tools such as Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Relationship Assessment Scale along with sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: There was a significant difference in FSFI scores and relationship scores between women with schizophrenia and caregiver control subjects. The relationship quality was better in patients with schizophrenia when compared to caregivers unlike sexual functioning. Conclusion: Sexual functioning in women is a complex phenomenon. A holistic biopsychosocial approach is necessary to understand women’s sexual function.

scholarly journals Nicotine dependence and illness severity in schizophrenia

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Krishnadas ◽  
Sameer Jauhar ◽  
Susan Telfer ◽  
Somashekara Shivashankar ◽  
Robin G. McCreadie
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Higher Doses

BackgroundReasons for the increased prevalence of cigarette smoking in schizophrenia are unclear. Studies assessing clinical symptoms have sampled heterogeneous populations, with discrepant findings.AimsTo examine the relationship between clinical features, social adjustment and nicotine dependence in a geographically defined population of people with schizophrenia.MethodCross-sectional clinical study of 131 people with schizophrenia in Nithsdale, Scotland.ResultsSmokers were younger, mostly males and three times more likely to be unemployed. Those with severe nicotine dependence had greater scores on the positive subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and were prescribed higher doses of antipsychotic. Those with mild–moderate dependence had greater scores on the PANSS negative subscale. Greater symptom severity was associated with poorer social adjustment. Psychopathology and social adjustment were similar in quitters and never-smokers.ConclusionsOur findings indicate an association between nicotine dependence, clinical symptoms and social adjustment in schizophrenia. Although causal links cannot be inferred, identifying the relationship between nicotine dependence and psychopathology may have some value in the management of smoking in schizophrenia. Further longitudinal studies are required to explore this relationship.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Association between Sleep Duration and Cardiometabolic Risk: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Matsuo ◽  
Shigemasa Tani ◽  
Naoya Matsumoto ◽  
Yasuo Okumura
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Inappropriate sleep duration (shorter/longer than optimal sleep duration) has come to be identified as a potential cardiometabolic risk factor, and thereby, as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Few data exist regarding the gender differences in the relationship between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a study population of 9262 apparently healthy (5004 male, 4258 female) subjects at the Health Planning Center of Nihon University Hospital between September, 2015, and October 2016.Results: In the male subjects, as compared to a sleep duration of 6 to 7 hours, a sleep duration of ³8 hours was associated with an odds ratio (OR) for abdominal obesity (defined according to the Japanese criteria for metabolic syndrome as a waist circumference of ³85 cm) of 1.31 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.004-1.71) and for a non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of ³150 mg/dL (defined as “Borderline hyper” by the Japan Atherosclerosis Society Guidelines for Prevention of ASCVD 2017) of 1.33 (1.05-1.68), and a sleep duration of <5 hours was associated with an OR (95% CI) for a fasting blood glucose of ³100 mg/dL (defined as “high” by a specialized lifestyle checkup program for the detection of symptoms of metabolic syndrome in Japan) of 1.74 (1.25-2.42). On the other hand, in the female subjects, as compared to a sleep duration of 6 to 7 hours, a sleep duration of <5 hours was associated with an OR (95% CI) for abdominal obesity (waist circumference ³90 cm) of 1.98 (1.11-3.55) and for a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of ³5.6 % of 1.52 (1.10-2.10), whereas a sleep duration of ³8 hours was not associated with worsening of any of the examined cardiometabolic risk factors. Conclusions: There may be gender differences in the relationship between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk. To further reduce the risk of ASCVD, it may be of particular importance to emphasize adequate sleep duration.Clinical Trial Registration: UMIN (http://www.umin.ac.jp/) Study ID:　 UMIN000037643 retrospectively registered on 9 August 2019

scholarly journals Risk factors of developing Pneumonia Among Confirmed Measles Cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C. Ylade
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Measles Outbreaks

Background. Deaths may occur due to complications of measles. The most common measles complication is pneumonia and accounts for most measles-related deaths. Objective. The study aimed to identify risk factors for developing pneumonia among measles cases. Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted using measles surveillance data from an outbreak in the Philippines from January 2013 to December 2014. Data on age, sex, area of residence, clinical manifestations, receipt of measles vaccine, and other exposure variables were obtained and analyzed using logistic regression. Results. Approximately 25,166 confirmed measles cases were included in the study where 16% had pneumonia. Potential risk factors identified in the development of pneumonia among confirmed measles cases were younger age (<5 years = OR 2.49, 95% CI: 1.81,3.42; 5-14 years = OR 2.34, 95% CI: 1.64,3.33), resident of Mindanao (OR 2.18, 95% CI: 1.74,2.74), presence of cough (OR 5.51, 95% CI: 2.04,14.86), presence of conjunctivitis (OR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.11,1.55), and being admitted to hospital (OR 3.16, 95% CI: 2.57,3.90). Confirmed measles cases with receipt of measles containing vaccine (MCV) (OR 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63,0.87) were found to be less likely to have pneumonia. Conclusion. These risk factors help identify cases requiring prompt management to reduce morbidity and mortality in any future measles outbreaks.

scholarly journals The Correlation between Sexual Dysfunction and Marital Relationship among Women with Gynaecological Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nunung Nurhayati ◽  
Utami Nur Ulsiyah ◽  
Suci Noor ◽  
Dewi Marfuah ◽  
Linlin Lindayani
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Marital Relationships ◽  
Dyadic Adjustment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Validated Instrument

<p>Women with gynaecological problems are at high risk of having sexual dysfunction because the problems could affect the marital relationship and sexual satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between sexual dysfunction and marital relationships in women with gynaecological problems. This study was conducted using a cross-sectional study. The samples were women with gynaecological problems, aged above 18 years old, married, and able to communicate well. Patients with mental disorders were excluded from this study. Convenience sampling was used to select participants. The marital relationship was measured using a validated instrument, namely, Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). A total of 82 women with gynaecological problems joined our study. The majority of the respondents experienced sexual dysfunction (90.2%) and more than half of the respondents (52.4%) experienced distress in marital relationships.  There was a relationship between sexual dysfunction and marital relationship among women with gynaecological problems (<em>p</em> value &lt; 0.005) and the coefficient correlation was 0.326. Sexual dysfunction may affect marital relationships in women with gynaecological problems. Healthcare professionals need to provide appropriate intervention to women with gynaecological problems as well as facilitate them to express their sexual activity.</p>

Does metabolic health status affect the optimal starting age for colorectal cancer screening? A Korean nationwide cross-sectional study.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 573-573
Author(s):  
Yoon Jin Choi ◽  
Dong Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Components

573 Background: The association between metabolic syndrome and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been suggested as one of causes for the increasing incidence of CRC, particularly in younger age groups. The present study examined whether the current age threshold (50 years) for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Korea requires modification when considering metabolic syndrome. Methods: We examined data from the National Health Insurance Corporation database, which covers ~97% of the population in Korea. CRC risk was analyzed with stratification based on age and the presence/absence of relevant metabolic syndrome components (diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension). The incidence of CRC was determined for four, 2-year time periods. Results: A total of 51,612,316 subjects enrolled during 2014-2015 were analyzed. Among them, 19.3% had diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or some combination thereof. This population had a higher incidence of CRC than did those without these conditions and this was more prominent in subjects < 40 years of age. The optimal cut-off age for detecting CRC, based on the highest Youden index, was 45 years among individuals without diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, and 62 years among individuals with at least one of these components of metabolic syndrome. Resetting the cut-off age from 50 years to 45 years achieved a 6% increment in sensitivity for CRC detection among the total population. Conclusions: An earlier start of CRC screening, namely at 45 rather than at 50 years of age, may improve secondary prevention of CRC in Korea.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of antipsychotic polypharmacy among outpatients with schizophrenia attending a tertiary psychiatric facility in Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nosa Godwin Igbinomwanhia ◽  
Sunday Osasu Olotu ◽  
Bawo Onesirosan James
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Global Assessment Of Functioning ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Background: The study aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern and correlates of antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) among outpatients with schizophrenia attending a tertiary psychiatric facility in Nigeria. Method: A cross-sectional study of 250 patients with schizophrenia attending the outpatient clinic of a regional tertiary psychiatric facility in Nigeria was undertaken. They were administered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and the Liverpool University Side Effects Rating Scale (LUNSERS). Results: Of the 250 subjects interviewed, 176 (70.4%) were on APP. APP was significantly associated with higher prescribed chlorpromazine equivalent doses of antipsychotics ( p < 0.001), increased frequency of dosing ( p < 0.001), negative symptoms ( p < 0.01), poorer functioning ( p = 0.04) and greater side-effect burden ( p = 0.04). Conclusion: The APP rate reported from this study is high. Clinicians should be mindful of its impact on dosage and side-effect profiles as APP use is associated with negative symptoms and poor psychosocial functioning.

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