scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Quercetin on Microcystin-LR Induced Tight Junction Defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Mei Xue ◽  
Yunfei Jiang ◽  
Miaomiao Zhang ◽  
Changming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Transepithelial Electrical Resistance ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Zonula Occludens ◽  
Zonula Occludens 1

Quercetin has numerous functions including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The beneficial effect of quercetin against microcystin-LR (MC-LR)-induced testicular tight junctions (TJs) defects in vitro and in vivo were investigated. Significant reductions in transepithelial electrical resistance, occludin, and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) levels were detected in the MC-LR-treated TM4 cells, and quercetin attenuated these effects. Interestingly, quercetin suppressed MC-LR-induced phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT). It effectively inhibited the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells stimulated by MC-LR. In addition, ROS inhibitors blocked the TJ damage that is dependent on the AKT signaling pathway induced by MC-LR. In conclusion, our results suggest that alleviates MC-LR-impaired TJs by suppressing the ROS-regulated activation of the AKT pathway.

scholarly journals Antioxidant supplementation during in vitro maturation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Amalia Ratna Kusumaningrum
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Defences ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Harmful Effects

During in vitro maturation (IVM), oocytes are exposed to different situations from in vivo which may cause oxidative stress. Supplementation of antioxidants to the culture media is effective in as antioxidant defences against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Antioxidant is safe, it has some side effects. This is reviewed in this paper. Studies reported, supplementation antioxidant with different dose showed different effects. Double-edged effects of exogenous antioxidants on cellular responses during in vitro maturation depending potentially on their concentrations. Physiologic doses leading to beneficial effects whereas high doses may result in harmful effects.

scholarly journals ZO-1 determines adherens and gap junction localization at intercalated disks

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (2) ◽  
pp. H583-H594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Palatinus ◽  
Michael P. O'Quinn ◽  
Ralph J. Barker ◽  
Brett S. Harris ◽  
Jane Jourdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connexin 43 ◽  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Cell Junction ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Zonula Occludens ◽  
Zonula Occludens 1 ◽  
Intercalated Disks

The disruption of the spatial order of electromechanical junctions at myocyte-intercalated disks (ICDs) is a poorly understood characteristic of many cardiac disease states. Here, in vitro and in vivo evidence is provided that zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) regulates the organization of gap junctions (GJs) and adherens junctions (AJs) at ICDs. We investigated the contribution of ZO-1 to cell-cell junction localization by expressing a dominant-negative ZO-1 construct (DN-ZO-1) in rat ventricular myocytes (VMs). The expression of DN-ZO-1 in cultured neonatal VMs for 72 h reduced the interaction of ZO-1 and N-cadherin, as assayed by colocalization and coimmunoprecipitation, prompting cytoplasmic internalization of AJ and GJ proteins. DN-ZO-1 expression in adult VMs in vivo also reduced N-cadherin colocalization with ZO-1, a phenomenon not observed when the connexin-43 (Cx43)-ZO-1 interaction was disrupted using a mimetic of the ZO-1-binding ligand from Cx43. DN-ZO-1-infected VMs demonstrated large GJs at the ICD periphery and showed a loss of focal ZO-1 concentrations along plaque edges facing the disk interior. Additionally, there was breakdown of the characteristic ICD pattern of small interior and large peripheral GJs. Continuous DN-ZO-1 expression in VMs over postnatal development reduced ICD-associated Cx43 GJs and increased lateralized and cytoplasmic Cx43. We conclude that ZO-1 regulation of GJ localization is via an association with the N-cadherin multiprotein complex and that this is a key determinant of stable localization of both AJs and GJs at the ICD.

scholarly journals ZiYinHuaTan Recipe Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis in Gastric Cancer by Suppressing PI3K/AKT Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jiahui Yu ◽  
Shangjin Song ◽  
Jianpeng Jiao ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Huirong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inhibit Tumor Growth ◽  
Subcutaneous Transplantation ◽  
Inhibit Cell Proliferation

In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has played an important role in the treatment of gastric cancer in China. ZiYinHuaTan (ZYHT) recipe was developed for advanced gastric cancer and had shown its promising value in the clinic. In this study, we explore the effect of ZYHT on gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo. ZYHT can inhibit tumor growth and improve the general condition of mice in subcutaneous transplantation nude mice models of gastric cancer. And ZYHT can also inhibit cell proliferation and blocked the cells in G0/G1 to induce cell apoptosis in HGC27 and MGC803 cells. Then, network pharmacology analysis showed that ZYHT may exert antitumor effect mainly through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, the expression of PI3K, p-Akt, CyclinD1, and Bcl-2 was detected in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that ZYHT could decrease the expression of PI3K, CyclinD1, and Bcl-2 both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggested that ZYHT could be used as a method for the treatment of developed gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Chlorella sorokiniana Dietary Supplementation Increases Antioxidant Capacities and Reduces ROS Release in Mitochondria of Hyperthyroid Rat Liver

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 883
Author(s):  
Gaetana Napolitano ◽  
Gianluca Fasciolo ◽  
Giovanna Salbitani ◽  
Paola Venditti
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Chlorella Sorokiniana ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Beneficial Effects

The ability of aerobic organisms to cope with the attack of radicals and other reactive oxygen species improves by feeding on foods containing antioxidants. Microalgae contain many molecules showing in vitro antioxidant capacity, and their food consumption can protect cells from oxidative insults. We evaluated the capacity of dietary supplementation with 1% dried Chlorella sorokiniana strain 211/8k, an alga rich in glutathione, α-tocopherol, and carotenoids, to counteract an oxidative attack in vivo. We used the hyperthyroid rat as a model of oxidative stress, in which the increase in metabolic capacities is associated with an increase in the release of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the susceptibility to oxidative insult. Chlorella sorokiniana supplementation prevents the increases in oxidative stress markers and basal oxygen consumption in hyperthyroid rat livers. It also mitigates the thyroid hormone-induced increase in maximal aerobic capacities, the mitochondrial ROS release, and the susceptibility to oxidative stress. Finally, alga influences the thyroid hormone-induced changes in the factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator (PGC1-1) and nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2). Our results suggest that Chlorella sorokiniana dietary supplementation has beneficial effects in counteracting oxidative stress and that it works primarily by preserving mitochondrial function. Thus, it can be useful in preventing dysfunctions in which mitochondrial oxidative damage and ROS production play a putative role.

Phenolic Acids Exert Anticholinesterase and Cognition-Improving Effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Szwajgier ◽  
Ewa Baranowska-Wojcik ◽  
Kamila Borowiec
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Amyloid Β Peptide ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Aβ Fibrils

Numerous authors have provided evidence regarding the beneficial effects of phenolic acids and their derivatives against Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this review, the role of phenolic acids as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is discussed, including the structure-activity relationship. In addition, the inhibitory effect of phenolic acids on the formation of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) fibrils is presented. We also cover the in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies concerning the prevention and treatment of the cognitive enhancement.

scholarly journals Impact of Polyphenolic-Food on Longevity: An Elixir of Life. An Overview

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 507
Author(s):  
Rosaria Meccariello ◽  
Stefania D’Angelo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Macromolecular Damage ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Aging and, particularly, the onset of age-related diseases are associated with tissue dysfunction and macromolecular damage, some of which can be attributed to accumulation of oxidative damage. Recently, growing interest has emerged on the beneficial effects of plant-based diets for the prevention of chronic diseases including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Several studies collectively suggests that the intake of polyphenols and their major food sources may exert beneficial effects on improving insulin resistance and related diabetes risk factors, such as inflammation and oxidative stress. They are the most abundant antioxidants in the diet, and their intake has been associated with a reduced aging in humans. Polyphenolic intake has been shown to be effective at ameliorating several age-related phenotypes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, impaired proteostasis, and cellular senescence, both in vitro and in vivo. In this paper, effects of these phytochemicals (either pure forms or polyphenolic-food) are reviewed and summarized according to affected cellular signaling pathways. Finally, the effectiveness of the anti-aging preventive action of nutritional interventions based on diets rich in polyphenolic food, such as the diets of the Blue zones, are discussed.

scholarly journals The Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acids on Cancer

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Dachev ◽  
Jana Bryndová ◽  
Milan Jakubek ◽  
Zdeněk Moučka ◽  
Marian Urban
Keyword(s):  
Potential Effect ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acids ◽  
Carcinogenic Activity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
True Value ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Cancer Agent

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are distinctive polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are present in food produced by ruminant animals and they are accumulated in seeds of certain plants. These naturally occurring substances have demonstrated to have anti-carcinogenic activity. Their potential effect to inhibit cancer has been shown in vivo and in vitro studies. In this review, we present the multiple effects of CLA isomers on cancer development such as anti-tumor efficiency, anti-mutagenic and anti-oxidant activity. Although the majority of the studies in vivo and in vitro summarized in this review have demonstrated beneficial effects of CLA on the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells, further experimental work is needed to estimate the true value of CLA as a real anti-cancer agent.

scholarly journals AZP2006, a new promising treatment for Alzheimer’s and related diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Callizot ◽  
C. Estrella ◽  
S. Burlet ◽  
A. Henriques ◽  
C. Brantis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Application ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Central Synapses ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pgrn Level

AbstractProgranulin (PGRN) is a protein with multiple functions including the regulation of neuroinflammation, neuronal survival, neurite and synapsis growth. Although the mechanisms of action of PGRN are currently unknown, its potential therapeutic application in treating neurodegenerative diseases is huge. Thus, strategies to increase PGRN levels in patients could provide an effective treatment. In the present study, we investigated the effects of AZP2006, a lysotropic molecule now in phase 2a clinical trial in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy patients, for its ability to increase PGRN level and promote neuroprotection. We showed for the first time the in vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effects of AZP2006 in neurons injured with Aβ1–42 and in two different pathological animal models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and aging. Thus, the chronic treatment with AZP2006 was shown to reduce the loss of central synapses and neurons but also to dramatically decrease the massive neuroinflammation associated with the animal pathology. A deeper investigation showed that the beneficial effects of AZP2006 were associated with PGRN production. Also, AZP2006 binds to PSAP (the cofactor of PGRN) and inhibits TLR9 receptors normally responsible for proinflammation when activated. Altogether, these results showed the high potential of AZP2006 as a new putative treatment for AD and related diseases.

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