scholarly journals Interpreting Emotions From Women With Covered Faces: A Comparison Between a Middle Eastern and Western-European Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariska E. Kret ◽  
Angela T. Maitner ◽  
Agneta H. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Emotional Communication ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Contextual Cues ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Perception Of Emotions

While new regulations obligate or recommend people to wear medical masks at public places to prevent further spread of the Covid-19 virus, there are still open questions as to what face coverage does to social emotional communication. Previous research on the effects of wearing veils or face-covering niqabs showed that covering of the mouth led to the attribution of negative emotions and to the perception of less intense positive emotions. The current study compares a sample from the Netherlands with a sample from the United Arab Emirates on their perception of emotions from faces covered by a niqab, censoring black bars, or uncovered faces. The results show that covering the mouth area leads to greater anxiety in participants in both countries. Furthermore, although participants did not report greater decoding difficulties for faces that were covered as compared to fully visible, results show that face coverage did influence emotion perception. Specifically, happiness and anger were perceived as being less intense. Further, face coverage by a niqab, as compared to black bars, yielded lower emotional intensity ratings. We conclude that face coverage in particular can modulate the perception of emotions, but that affective contextual cues may play a role as well.

scholarly journals Critical incidents in anorexia nervosa: perspectives of those with a lived experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenni Leppanen ◽  
Lara Tosunlar ◽  
Rachael Blackburn ◽  
Steven Williams ◽  
Kate Tchanturia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Critical Events ◽  
Social Emotional

Abstract Background Although social-emotional difficulties are believed play a key role in anorexia nervosa (AN), there is uncertainty regarding what these difficulties might look like. Previous research has largely focused on a “disease model” of social-emotional processing in AN with little attention paid to positive emotions and experiences. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to obtain a fuller picture of critical life events as identified by those with lived AN experience. Methods Thirty-four participants aged 16–48 with current or past AN completed an online survey describing self-defined positive and difficult critical events. Thematic analysis was used to assess patterns in participants narrative responses. Results Two major themes were identified in the descriptions of positive critical events: Moments of celebration and Unexpected positive outcomes. These major themes revealed increased external focus and some corrective experiences that challenged the participants pre-existing expectations leading to new positive outcomes. Difficult events clustered into life events that were identified as Eating disorder (ED) related and Non-ED related and included the dimensions of relational conflict and feeling unsupported. Discussion The findings suggest that although negative emotionality was identified in the accounts of those with lived experience of AN capacity for “big-picture” thinking with and explicit focus on others was also identified. Moreover, an openness to corrective experiences that worked to challenge negative expectations was evident for some participants. Together these findings have scope as targets for further clinical research and treatment interventions.

scholarly journals The effect of religion on the perception of health states among adults in the United Arab Emirates: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e016969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iffat Elbarazi ◽  
Nancy J Devlin ◽  
Marina-Selini Katsaiti ◽  
Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos ◽  
Koonal K Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health States ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Al Ain ◽  
Value Sets ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Perception Of Health

ObjectivesInvestigate how religion may affect the perception of health states among adults in the United Arab Emirates and the implications for research on self-reported health and quality of life and the use of values in cost-effectiveness analysis.DesignQualitative analysis of short-structured interviews with adult Emiratis carried out by a market research agency.The COREQ criteria have been used where appropriate to guide the reporting of our findings.SettingParticipants were recruited from shopping malls and other public places in the cities of Al Ain and Abu Dhabi.ParticipantsTwo hundred adult Emiratis broadly representative of the Emirati population in terms of age and gender.ResultsEighty one per cent of participants said that their perception of health states was influenced by their spiritual or religious beliefs. The two overarching themes that seemed to explain or classify these influences were ‘fatalism’ and ‘preservation of life’. Subthemes included powerlessness to change what is preordained by God, fear of disability (particularly diminished mobility) and appreciation of health and life and the requirement to look after one’s health. A final theme was that of acceptance, with respondents expressing a willingness to endure suffering and disability with patience in the expectation of rewards in the hereafter.ConclusionsOur results emphasise the need for further work to establish locally relevant value sets for Muslim majority countries in the Middle East and elsewhere for use in health technology assessment decision-making, rather than relying on value sets from other regions.

Geo-Thermo-Mechanical Modeling of Pre-Drilled Wellbores to Extract Geothermal Energy from Subsurface to Produce Cleaner Energy for United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ubedullah Ansari ◽  
Najeeb Anjum Soomro ◽  
Farhan Ali Narejo ◽  
Shafquat Ali Baloch ◽  
Faiz Ali Talpur
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Abandoned Wells ◽  
Single Well

Abstract The middle eastern countries including United Arab Emirates (UAE) have enjoyed the energy production from hydrocarbon resource for a very long period. Indeed, now various countries in this region has shifted to alternative resources of power generation with cheaper and cleaner sources. Geothermal is the top of the list among those sources. Therefore, this study presents an ultimate model converting abandoned oil and gas wells into subsurface geothermal recovery points. Fundamentally, this study offers a geo-thermo-mechanical model of abandoned wellbore which can help in developing an optimistic geothermal energy not only from subsurface thermal reserve but also from abandoned casing and pipes installed in Wellbores. In this approach the source of heat is thermally active rock formations and the metallic pipes that are present in wellbores drilled through hot dry rocks. In the model the already drilled wells are incorporated as medium of heat flow in which water in injected and brought back to surface along with thermal impact. The results of this study revealed that, at the depth of 6000 m of high temperature wellbore the temperature is above 85°C and at this temperature the metallic casings further rise the reserve temperature thus the conversion of water into steam can be processed easily. Moreover, at high depths the stability of wellbore is also issue in high temperature formation, so mechanical model suggests that injection of water and conversion into steam in already cased wellbore can sustain up to 6 MPa stress at around 100C. Thus, the geo-thermo-mechanical model of wellbore will illustrate the possibility of converting water into steam and it will also reveal the average amount of heat that can be generated from a single well. henceforth, the thermal recovery from abandoned wells of UAE is best fit solution for clean energy. The abandoned wells are used as conduit to transport heat energy from subsurface by using water as transport medium, as water at surface temperature is injected in those wellbores and let thermal energy convert that water into steam. Later the steam is returned to surface and used as fuel in turbines or generators.

System and neural network analysis of intent to buy and willingness to pay insurance premium

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Tolani ◽  
Ananth Rao ◽  
Genanew B. Worku ◽  
Mohamed Osman
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Security Benefits

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze significant determinants to assess the probability of insureds’ intent to buy (ITB) insurance and willingness to pay (WTP) quantum of dollars for security benefits. Design/methodology/approach The authors use the Double Hurdle Model (DHM) and Neural Network (NN) architecture to analyze the insureds’ behavior for ITB and WTP. The authors apply these frameworks to all the 503 insureds of a branch of a leading insurer in the United Arab Emirates. Findings The DHM identified age, loans & liabilities, body mass index, travel outside the UAE, salary and country of origin (Middle Eastern and African) as significant determinants to predict WTP for social security benefits. In addition to these determinants, NN architecture identified insurance replacement, holding multiple citizenship, age of parents, mortgages, country of origin: Americas, length of travel, income of previous year and medical conditions of insured as additional important determinants to predict WTP for social security benefits; thus, NN is found to be superior to DHM due to its lowest RMSE and AIC in the holdout sample and also its flexibility and no assumptions unlike econometric models. Research limitations/implications Insureds’ data used from one UAE Branch limit the generalizability of empirical findings. Practical implications The study findings will enable the insurers to appropriately design the insurance products that match the insurers’ behavior of ITB and WTP for social security benefits. Social implications The study findings have the potential for insurance institutions to be more flexible in their insurance practices through public–private partnerships. Originality/value This is the authors’ original research work.

scholarly journals Nurturing Grandchildren With Down Syndrome: A Qualitative Study on Grandparents’ Needs Using Digital Tools†

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
María C. Sánchez Gómez ◽  
Rocío Martín-Sevillano ◽  
María V. Martín-Cilleros ◽  
J. J. Mena Marcos ◽  
Francisco J. García-Peñalvo
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
Negative Feelings

Grandparents who have grandchildren with disabilities are an underrepresented group in existing research related to the field. This qualitative phenomenological study’s general purpose is to analyze, from a personal perspective, the situations and needs of grandparents who have grandchildren with Down syndrome. The participants’ ages range from 65 to 85, and the ages of their grandchildren with Down syndrome range from 3 to 21 years. All participants had one grandchild with a disability, except for two, who each had two. A sociodemographic questionnaire was administered, and individual interviews were conducted, using open questions, through phone and/or video calls. An analysis of the participants’ speech was carried out, which implied the development of a system of meta-categories and categories. This analysis was developed manually, given the COVID-19 environment. The results indicate a substantial change from negative feelings caused by the knowledge of the diagnosis to feelings related to positive experiences expressed currently. The participants see themselves as a fundamental source of support (informal, instrumental, practical, social, emotional, and economic) for their families and, mainly, for their grandchildren with Down syndrome. A need for information and training was observed when the grandparents talked about first being informed of the diagnosis and their concerns about the future of these grandchildren and their siblings. They made social demands, such as greater government involvement or more significant opportunities to access resources and rights for their grandchildren. The results are discussed, as are possible future research directions.

scholarly journals Los juegos motores como recurso pedagógico para favorecer la afectividad desde la educación física (Traditional games: a pedagogical tool to foster affectivity in physical education)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 166-172
Author(s):  
Verónica Muñoz-Arroyave ◽  
Pere Lavega-Burgués ◽  
Antoni Costes ◽  
Sabrine Damian ◽  
Jorge Serna
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
School Students ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Pedagogical Tools

En el contexto educativo, educar competencias emocionales origina unas consecuencias muy positivas en el rendimiento académico y el bienestar subjetivo del alumnado, especialmente si se trabaja desde edades tempranas. La asignatura de educación física dispone de un gran repertorio de recursos pedagógicos para promover una educación física integral, destacando entre ellos el juego motor. El objetivo de este estudio fue desvelar la fuerza predictiva de dos variables asociadas al juego (dominio de acción motriz: juegos psicomotores, de cooperación, de oposición y de cooperación-oposición y competición: presencia o ausencia) sobre la intensidad emocional de los alumnos. Participaron en total 91 estudiantes de educación secundaria de Cataluña con edades entre los 12 y 14 años. Se realizaron ocho sesiones de intervención (un tipo de juego por sesión). Tras la práctica de los juegos, los participantes valoraron su experiencia emocional de 1 a 10 respondiendo el cuestionario validado GES. Para el análisis de los datos se aplicaron dos técnicas estadísticas diferentes pero complementarias: ecuaciones de estimación generalizadas y árboles de clasificación. Entre los principales hallazgos se destaca que: a) a través del juego motor se puede potenciar el desarrollo de las competencias motrices y socio-emocionales; b) El profesor de educación física debería saber que la variable competición asociada al tipo de relaciones en el juego influye en la experiencia de emociones positivas. c) El juego es una fuente de vivencias emocionales positivas, especialmente los juegos cooperativos sin competición. Abstract. In the educational context, forming emotional competences leads to very positive consequences in  academic performance and subjective well-being of the students, especially if it is worked from early ages. Physical education has a large repertoire of pedagogical tools to promote an integral physical education, motor games standing out among them. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive capacity of two characteristics of a game (motor action domain: psychomotor, cooperation, opposition and cooperation-opposition; and competition games: presence or absence) on emotional intensity. A total of 91 high school students from Catalonia participated. Eight 60-minute intervention sessions were conducted with games of the same type in each session. Emotional intensity was assessed at the end of the session using the GES questionnaire. For the data analysis, two statistical techniques were applied: generalized estimation equations and classification trees. The main findings indicated that: a) through motor games, the development of motor and socio-emotional competences can be enhanced; b) Physical education teachers should be aware that the interaction between competition and type of relationships during a game has an influence on experiencing positive emotions; c) games are a source of positive emotional experiences, especially the cooperative, non-competitive ones.

scholarly journals A Bibliometric Analysis of Coronavirus Research in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 99-119
Author(s):  
Ali Mustafa Qamar ◽  
Rehan Ullah Khan ◽  
Suliman Alsuhibany
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
New England ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
World Health ◽  
King Saud University ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by World Health Organization in March 2020. Since then, it has attracted the enormous attention of researchers from around the world. The world has gone through previous instances of corona-viruses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome. Nevertheless, none was of these were of this serious nature as COVID-19. In this research, we carry out a bibliometric analysis of coronavirus research using the Scopus database. However, we restricted ourselves to the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, comprising Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. The analysis was performed using Biblioshiny software. We analyzed 4288 articles written by 24226 researchers from 1994 till 2021, published in 1429 sources. The number of authors per publication is 5.65. A bulk of the research (more than 68%) appeared in the form of articles. More than 43% of the publications appeared in 2020 and more than 44% in 2021. Saudi Arabia appears the most-cited country, followed by Qatar. Journal of Infection and Public Health published the most number of papers, whereas New England Journal of Medicine is the most-cited one. Memish, Z.A. wrote the maximum number of papers. The top source, according to the H-index, is the Journal of Virology. Furthermore, the two most prolific universities are King Saud University and King Abdulaziz University, both from Saudi Arabia. The research uncovered deep learning as a niche theme used in recent publications. The research landscape continues to alter as the pandemic keeps on evolving.

scholarly journals Introduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Alia Yunis ◽  
Dale Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Arab Media ◽  
African Cinema ◽  
Broadcast Television ◽  
Gulf States ◽  
And Gender

Abstract This special issue engages the historical and contemporary heterogeneity of the Gulf, which was a transcultural space long before the discovery of oil. Over the past two decades, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates have actively begun to harness the media’s power, while at the same time grassroots productions—online, through social media and in regional festivals—reframe assumptions about film and visual media. With resident expatriate population comprising up to 90 percent of the population in Gulf states, film and visual media complicate conventional frameworks derived from area studies, such as ‘Arab media’, ‘Middle Eastern and North African cinema’, or ‘South Asian film’. These articles also unsettle the modernist divisions of media into distinct categories, such as broadcast television and theatrical exhibition, and consider forms that move between professional and nonprofessional media, and between private and semi-public spaces, including the transmedia spaces of theme parks and shooting locations. Articles examine the subjects of early photography in Kuwait, the role of Oman TV as a broadcaster of Indian films into Pakistan, representations of disability and gender in Kuwaiti musalsalat, tribal uses of social media, and videos produced by South Asian and Southeast Asian expatriates, including second-generation expatriates.

Social Presence in Blended Course Forums in the Training of Preservice Teachers

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-33
Author(s):  
Gila Cohen Zilka
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Learning Community ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Educational Vision ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Perception Of Threat ◽  
Collaborative Learning Environment ◽  
Blended Course

Integration of blended learning environments into the learning process of teacher training may lead to the realization of an educational vision of creating a collaborative learning environment, with the aim to develop social-emotional skills and establish a learning community. The research question of this study was: What are the factors that affect social involvement in forums and the perception of threat and challenge of preservice teachers in a blended course? Participating in this mixed-method study were 120 Israeli preservice teachers, who completed a threat/challenge questionnaire and answered open questions. One of the most noteworthy findings was that many students felt a threat reading the posts written by other students, more so than they felt regarding writing their own responses on the forum. Many students noted that the forums allowed them to express their opinions, raise questions, share, enrich, and support. Forums encourage social emotional dialogue, and the giving and receiving of feedback.

scholarly journals Vagal Tone Differences in Empathy Level Elicited by Different Emotions and a Co-Viewer

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 3136
Author(s):  
Suhhee Yoo ◽  
Mincheol Whang
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Vagal Tone ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Factor Level ◽  
Positive Valence ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Different Levels

Empathy can bring different benefits depending on what kind of emotions people empathize with. For example, empathy with negative emotions can raise donations to charity while empathy with positive emotions can increase participation during remote education. However, few studies have focused on the physiological differences depending on what kind of emotions people empathize with. Furthermore, co-viewer can influence the elicitation of different levels of empathy, but this has been less discussed. Therefore, this study investigated vagal response differences according to each empathy factor level elicited by different emotions and co-viewer. Fifty-nine participants were asked to watch 4 videos and to evaluate subjective valence, arousal scores, and undertake an empathy questionnaire, which included cognitive, affective and identification empathy. Half of the participants watched the videos alone and the other half watched the videos with a co-viewer. Valence and arousal scores were categorized into three levels to figure out what kind of emotions they empathized with. Empathy level (high vs. low) was determined based on the self-report scores. Two-way MANOVA revealed an interaction effect of empathy level and emotions. High affective empathy level is associated with higher vagal response regardless of what kind of emotions they empathized with. However, vagal response differences in other empathy factor level showed a different pattern depending on what kind of emotions that participant empathized with. A high cognitive empathy level showed lower vagal responses when participants felt negative or positive valence. High identification level also showed increased cognitive burden when participants empathized with negative and neutral valence. The results implied that emotions and types of empathy should be considered when measuring empathic responses using vagal tone. Two-way MANOVA revealed empathic response differences between co-viewer condition and emotion. Participants with a co-viewer felt higher vagal responses and self-reporting empathy scores only when participants empathized with arousal. This implied that the effect of a co-viewer may impact on empathic responses only when participants felt higher emotional intensity.

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