Appetite for Destruction: A Psychometric Examination and Prevalence Estimation of Destructive Leadership in Sweden

There is a growing awareness that destructive leadership has a significant negative impact on employe outcomes. However, little is known about the content and dimensionality of this multidimensional concept, and there are few reliable measures available for organizations and researchers to evaluate these behaviors. Based on a representative sample (N = 1132) of the Swedish workforce, the aim of this study is threefold: first, to examine the factor structure and validity of an easy-to-use multidimensional destructive leadership measure (Destrudo-L)in the general Swedish work context; second, to identify destructive leadership profiles using latent profile analysis (LPA), and determine in what way they are related to employe outcomes; third, to examine the prevalence of destructive leadership using population weights to estimate responses of a population total in the Swedish workforce (N = 3100282). Our analysis supported the structural validity of Destrudo-L, reflecting both a global factor and specific subdimensions. We identified seven unique destructive leadership profiles along a passive and active continuum of destructive leadership behaviors, with the active showing a less favorable relation to employe outcomes. Finally, we found that a substantial proportion of the Swedish workforce report being exposed to destructive leadership (36.4–43.5%, depending on method used). Active destructive leadership was more common in the public sector and passive destructive leadership in the private. Given the potentially severe effects and the commonness of these behaviors, we argue that organizations should work actively with strategies to identify and intervene, to prevent and to handle the manifestation of these harmful behaviors.

Download Full-text

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS OF ESSENCE OFTHE PUBLIC DEBT RISKS AND PROBLEMS OF THEIR EVALUATION IN UKRAINE

WORLD OF FINANCE ◽

10.35774/sf2017.04.121 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 121-131

Author(s):

Nadiia LUBKEY

Keyword(s):

Risk Management ◽

Economic Development ◽

Public Debt ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Debt Management ◽

The Public ◽

Socio Economic Development ◽

Significant Negative Impact ◽

Country Analysis ◽

Methodological Approaches

Introduction. The significant and constantly increasing volume of public debt of Ukraine, its irrational structure, inefficient use of borrowed government loans lead to growth of debt risks and decrease of the state debt sustainability. For a successful debt management we need to apply effective risk management ofpublic debt. Purpose. The aim of this research is to clarify the essence of the public debt risk; to analyze the methodological approaches to their evaluation; to determine the main directions for the risk management of public debt, as well as the ways to improve the current methodology forassessing public debt risk in Ukraine. Results. Based on studies of different approaches to interpreting the essence ofthe public debt risk we have established that risk of public debt caused by the presence ofthe probability the formation of such debt parameters that may have significant negative impact on the socio-economic development ofthe country. Analysis ofthe main approaches to assessing of public debt risks revealed a number of shortcomings in current Ukrainian methodology. The main directions ofpublic debt risk management are: managing the risks associated with large amounts of public debt; debt management risks caused by irrational structure of public debt; managing the risks associated with the rapid growth of the public debt; risk management related to the inefficient use ofgovernment loans. Conclusion. The current methodology for assessing the risks associated with debt management used in Ukraine needs to be improved. In our opinion such methodologies must necessarily contain the indicators of effectiveness of government borrowing.

Download Full-text

Posttraumatic Growth, Centrality of Event, Trauma Symptoms and Resilience: Profiles of Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/08862605211050110 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088626052110501

Author(s):

Aistė Bakaitytė ◽

Goda Kaniušonytė ◽

Rita Žukauskienė

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Women Survivors ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Psychological Help ◽

Future Research ◽

Trauma Symptoms ◽

Stress Symptoms

The current study used a person-oriented approach to investigate (a) potential distinctive groups of women survivors of IPV based on their posttraumatic growth (PTG), centrality of event, resilience, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) patterns, and (b) examine the role of sociodemographic (age, education, work status) and violence related (physical and emotional violence, time since last violence episode, psychological help) factors in distinguishing these groups. The study sample consisted of 421 women survivors of IPV, and latent profile analysis revealed four profiles: “negative impact” (11% of the sample), “positive growth” (46%), “low impact” (18%), and “distressed growth” (25%). Women age, education, received psychological help, frequency of physical and emotional violence, and time since last violence incident significantly distinguished some of the indicated profiles from each other. Findings of this study contribute to the existing literature by identifying different responses to IPV and investigating some of the theoretical assumptions that had not been comprehensively analyzed in the IPV literature. Limitations of the study and implications for future research are discussed.

Download Full-text

Climate Extreme Risk Assessment of Coastal Cities in China

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1690 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 955-959 ◽

pp. 1690-1693

Author(s):

Wen Chao Li ◽

Hong Tao Bai ◽

He Xu

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Climate Extremes ◽

Indicator System ◽

Climate Extreme ◽

The Public ◽

Global Issues ◽

Coastal Cities ◽

Extreme Risk ◽

Significant Negative Impact

Climate extremes have become one of the most serious global issues with a significant negative impact on society, economy and environment. The alarming trend of intensity and frequency of climate extremes raises the concern of the public. Coastal cities addressing in the vulnerable areas which influenced by the interactions between the land and the sea, suffer a larger loss because of the concentrated exposure of population and wealth. This paper contributed to proposing a mechanism in which shows how climate extremes influence the environmental system. Through the aspects of severity, exposure and vulnerability, the formation of disaster risk is interpreted. Finally, an indicator system of climate extreme risk assessment is systematically fixed in allusion to coastal cities.

Download Full-text

Effects of sources of social support and resilience on the mental health of different age groups during the COVID-19 pandemic

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-020-03012-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fugui Li ◽

Sihui Luo ◽

Weiqi Mu ◽

Yanmei Li ◽

Liyuan Ye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Older Adults ◽

Emerging Adults ◽

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Stressful Event ◽

Quantitative Evidence

Abstract Background A pandemic is a very stressful event, especially for highly vulnerable people (e.g., older adults). The purpose of the current study was to investigate the main and interactive relationships of social support and resilience on individual mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic across three age groups: emerging adults, adults, and older adults. Methods A survey was conducted with 23,192 participants aged 18–85. Respondents completed a questionnaire, including items on the COVID-19-related support they perceived from different sources, the abbreviated version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Mental Health Inventory. Results Latent profile analysis identified five profiles of social support, and the patterns of potential profiles were similar in all groups. However, category distribution in the five profiles was significantly different among the age groups. Furthermore, analysis using the BCH command showed significant differences in mental health among these profiles. Lastly, interactive analyses indicated resilience had a positive relationship with mental health, and social support served as a buffer against the negative impact of low resilience on mental health. Conclusions This study provides quantitative evidence for socioemotional selectivity theory (SST) and enables several practical implications for helping different age groups protecting mental health during pandemic.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Government Ecological Environment Governance Effect from the Public’s Perspective Based on the Entropy Method: Take the Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia as an Example

Scientific Programming ◽

10.1155/2021/6319358 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Erhan Wu ◽

Zhiyi Gai

Keyword(s):

Regression Coefficient ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Negative Impact ◽

First Grade ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Entropy Method ◽

Ecological Environment ◽

Ecological Awareness ◽

The Public ◽

Significant Negative Impact

The Kubuqi Desert is the seventh-largest desert in China. Under the leadership of the central, autonomous region and local governments, the ecological situation has undergone historic changes. In this paper, we select Hangjin Banner and Dalate Banner, which have the most widely distributed deserts and use 347 households as the research perspective to construct the evaluation index system of the government's ecological environment governance effect. The entropy method is used to evaluate the governance effect, and the ordinary least squares and quantile regression are used to compare the evaluation differences of different publics. The research found the following. (1) The public believes that the government's ecological governance measures have achieved good results in the third-level index analysis. The ecological environment in the desert area has been significantly improved; that is, the survival rate of trees has increased, the area of vegetation coverage and vegetation types have increased, and the frequency of sandstorms has decreased. However, the intensity of sandstorms and the flow of water sources did not change significantly. The various types of public income have increased significantly compared to before the governance. The public takes the ecological priority as the concept and actively participates in the government's governance implementation, which means that the ecological awareness and behavior are higher. (2) Among the second-level index, the weights and scores in descending order are public economic characteristics: 45.53% and 0.4840, public ecological behavior: 25.62% and 0.1682, public ecological effect perception: 18.35% and 0.1240, and public ecological awareness: 10.51% and 0.0291. The comprehensive evaluation result is 0.8054, which is in the first grade, and the effect is excellent. (3) The public comprehensive evaluation results of the two regions are similar. Hangjin Banner is 0.8209 and Dalate Banner is 0.8557, both in the first grade. The effect is excellent. (4) In the OLS regression results, gender has a significant positive impact on evaluating the government's ecological environment governance effect. Age, ethnicity, and occupation have a significant negative impact. As the quintile increases, the influence of gender, age, and ethnicity first increases and then decreases. The maximum regression coefficient of gender at the 50% quantile is 0.714, which has a significant positive effect. Age has a significant negative impact at each quantile. The regression coefficient of ethnicity at the 50% quantile is the highest -0.357, which has a significant negative impact. Occupation only has a significant negative impact at the low quintile.

Download Full-text

Are the Millennials Getting Less Married?

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) ◽

10.47264/idea.lassij/4.1.8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 76-90

Author(s):

Khalid Khan ◽

Seema Zubair ◽

Sinem Derindere Koseoglu

Keyword(s):

Social Protection ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Divorce Rate ◽

Marriage Rate ◽

Causal Link ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Method Of Moment ◽

Causality Test ◽

Population Total ◽

Significant Negative Impact

The study investigates the causal link between the Millennials (ML) Population (18-37 year age) and the Marriage Rate (MR) (married population/total population) for the countries of France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, and the United Kingdom (UK) by using the bootstrap causality test. The findings suggest that ML population has a significant negative impact on MR in Italy and the Netherlands, while MR has a significant negative impact on ML population in Spain. Besides, the System Generalized Method of Moment Regression (SGMM) is conducted to release the effects of the Divorce Rate (DR), Education Attainment (EA), Globalization (GB), Social Protection (SP), Secularization (SEC), House Prices (HP), Financial Crisis (FC), and Working Population of women (WP) variables on MR and ML population. Likewise, the outcomes display that these are the leading factors of explaining ML population. Our results support the two-period model of Peters (1986), which states that MR is the combination of the economic, social, and religious elements and has important policy implications.

Download Full-text

Identifying Suicide Typologies Among Trauma-Exposed Veterans

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000637 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 288-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nadia Bounoua ◽

Jasmeet P. Hayes ◽

Naomi Sadeh

Keyword(s):

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Risky Behaviors ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Research Priority ◽

Self Harm ◽

And Behaviors

Abstract. Background: Suicide among veterans has increased in recent years, making the identification of those at greatest risk for self-injurious behavior a high research priority. Aims: We investigated whether affective impulsivity and risky behaviors distinguished typologies of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in a sample of trauma-exposed veterans. Method: A total of 95 trauma-exposed veterans (ages 21–55; 87% men) completed self-report measures of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors, impulsivity, and clinical symptoms. Results: A latent profile analysis produced three classes that differed in suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI): A low class that reported little to no self-injurious thoughts or behaviors; a self-injurious thoughts (ST) class that endorsed high levels of ideation but no self-harm behaviors; and a self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (STaB) class that reported ideation, suicide attempts and NSSI. Membership in the STaB class was associated with greater affective impulsivity, disinhibition, and distress/arousal than the other two classes. Limitations: Limitations include an overrepresentation of males in our sample, the cross-sectional nature of the data, and reliance on self-report measures. Conclusion: Findings point to affective impulsivity and risky behaviors as important characteristics of veterans who engage in self-injurious behaviors.

Download Full-text