scholarly journals National Culture and Culinary Exploration: Japan Evidence of Heterogenous Moderating Roles of Social Facilitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Sotaro Katsumata ◽  
Yulei Li ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Social Facilitation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Different Types

This article explores the role of national culture in the culinary consumption behavior of international tourists and the moderating influence of different types of travel companions. Study 1 adopted a text-mining, topical modeling approach to process useful reviews (n = 7,803) posted at TripAdvisor by users from 86 countries. Study 2 develops and tests a conceptual model of the relationships between national culture and culinary choices including culinary types and range of culinary choices, based on a secondary dataset of large-scale surveys from the tourism authority of the destination containing 9,141 responses by tourists from over 60 countries or regions. The results reveal that both Uncertainty Avoidance and Individualism-Collectivism have significant effects on tourist food consumption categories and the range of culinary choices. The study also evaluated the role of the moderating effect of travel companions, and results supported the significant relationship on the range of culinary choices when the tourists were accompanied by different types of travel companions.

Situational Breakdowns

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Nassauer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Collective Decisions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

This book provides an account of how and why routine interactions break down and how such situational breakdowns lead to protest violence and other types of surprising social outcomes. It takes a close-up look at the dynamic processes of how situations unfold and compares their role to that of motivations, strategies, and other contextual factors. The book discusses factors that can draw us into violent situations and describes how and why we make uncommon individual and collective decisions. Covering different types of surprise outcomes from protest marches and uprisings turning violent to robbers failing to rob a store at gunpoint, it shows how unfolding situations can override our motivations and strategies and how emotions and culture, as well as rational thinking, still play a part in these events. The first chapters study protest violence in Germany and the United States from 1960 until 2010, taking a detailed look at what happens between the start of a protest and the eruption of violence or its peaceful conclusion. They compare the impact of such dynamics to the role of police strategies and culture, protesters’ claims and violent motivations, the black bloc and agents provocateurs. The analysis shows how violence is triggered, what determines its intensity, and which measures can avoid its outbreak. The book explores whether we find similar situational patterns leading to surprising outcomes in other types of small- and large-scale events: uprisings turning violent, such as Ferguson in 2014 and Baltimore in 2015, and failed armed store robberies.

ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF INNOVATIVE FIRMS IN KOREA: THE ROLE OF R&D AND INNOVATION TYPE

1999 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 111-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
YONG-TAE PARK ◽  
CHUL-HYUN KIM ◽  
JI-HYO LEE
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Innovative Firms ◽  
Unexpected Findings ◽  
Innovation Type ◽  
Recent Extension

In spite of the recent extension of our knowledge on technological innovation, little inquiry has been made of the distinctive characteristics between R&D firms and non-R&D firms, as well as between product-innovative firms and process-innovative firms. To this end, the main objective of this empirical study, grounded on a large-scale innovation survey of Korean manufacturing firms, is to contrast these two types of firms. The results were mixed. Some hypotheses were confirmed while others were discordant with expectation. By and large, R&D firms and product-innovative firms seem to share a similar propensity, whereas non-R&D firms and process-innovative firms are alike in character. However, there were some unexpected findings which merit attention and are worthy of in-depth examination. Although the study is subject to limitations in terms of its research design and data gathering, the results render some important policy implications. Furthermore, comparative analyses between different types of innovations need to be addressed more extensively in future research.

Eat What’s Good for You

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Best
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Provisioning ◽  
Parental Pressure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Good For ◽  
Washington High School ◽  
Role Of Parents

This chapter focuses on Washington High School and its cafeteria, examining the different types of food found there and the role of parents in shaping the cafeteria and students, with specific attention to social class and its consequence for a public food provisioning system. The first part of the chapter sketches the changing set of arrangements in food consumption toward a focus on health that Dan, the food director, labored to bring into being and the role of parental pressure in driving such change. The second part of the chapter shifts attention toward youth, highlighting the way class dispositions shape what kids consume and how they consume, and examining how this same ambivalence finds expression in the types of play students engage in this space.

Role of Personality in Response to Fear Appeal Advertisements on Oral Hygiene

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ajit ◽  
V. Joseph Paul Raj
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Fear Appeal ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Bad Breath ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

In this world of extremely fragmented markets, there is a need to recognize the importance of understanding customers to achieve effectiveness of marketing activities. It is logical that different people have different and unique responses for different types of advertisements according to their characteristics and they may react most positively when exposed to advertisements that match their personality. Fear appeal ads, as a tactic of persuasion, influence such attitudes and behavior of customers. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether different personality traits influence the responses to fear appeal advertisements. The present study uses five individual differences personality variables like openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeability, and neuroticism/stability to study the responses to fear appeal advertisements on oral hygiene. The results show that there is a significant relationship between agreeableness, extraversion and seriousness towards gingivitis and bad breath whereas there is a significant relationship between openness and seriousness towards tooth decay.

scholarly journals Carotenoids as a Protection Mechanism against Oxidative Stress in Haloferax mediterranei

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1060
Author(s):  
Micaela Giani ◽  
Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Haloferax Mediterranei ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Extremophilic Microorganisms

Haloarchaea are extremophilic microorganisms that in their natural ecosystem encounter several sources of oxidative stress. They have developed different strategies to cope with these harsh environmental conditions, among which bacterioruberin production is a very notable strategy. Bacterioruberin (BR) is a C50 carotenoid synthesized in response to different types of stress. Previous works demonstrated that it shows interesting antioxidant properties with potential applications in biotechnology. In this study, Haloferax mediterranei strain R-4 was exposed to different concentrations of the oxidant compound H2O2 to evaluate the effect on carotenoid production focusing the attention on the synthesis of bacterioruberin. Hfx. mediterranei was able to grow in the presence of H2O2 from 1 mM to 25 mM. Cells produced between 16% and 78% (w/v) more carotenoids under the induced oxidative stress compared to control cultures. HPLC-MS analysis detected BR as the major identified carotenoid and confirmed the gradual increase of BR content as higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were added to the medium. These results shed some light on the biological role of bacterioruberin in haloarchaea, provide interesting information about the increase of the cellular pigmentation under oxidative stress conditions and will allow the optimization of the production of this pigment at large scale using these microbes as biofactories.

scholarly journals Disrupted core-periphery structure of multimodal brain networks in Alzheimer’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Guillon ◽  
Mario Chavez ◽  
Federico Battiston ◽  
Yohan Attal ◽  
Valentina La Corte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
The Core ◽  
Multiplex Network ◽  
Different Types

In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the progressive atrophy leads to aberrant network reconfigurations both at structural and functional levels. In such network reorganization, the core and peripheral nodes appear to be crucial for the prediction of clinical outcome because of their ability to influence large-scale functional integration. However, the role of the different types of brain connectivity in such prediction still remains unclear. Using a multiplex network approach we integrated information from DWI, fMRI, and MEG brain connectivity to extract an enriched description of the core-periphery structure in a group of AD patients and age-matched controls. Globally, the regional coreness—that is, the probability of a region to be in the multiplex core—significantly decreased in AD patients as result of a random disconnection process initiated by the neurodegeneration. Locally, the most impacted areas were in the core of the network—including temporal, parietal, and occipital areas—while we reported compensatory increments for the peripheral regions in the sensorimotor system. Furthermore, these network changes significantly predicted the cognitive and memory impairment of patients. Taken together these results indicate that a more accurate description of neurodegenerative diseases can be obtained from the multimodal integration of neuroimaging-derived network data.

scholarly journals Commensality and responsive food consumption behavior in community based canteen

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-71
Author(s):  
Dilayehu Desta Gebreyohannes
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sociology Of Food

The present study aims to recognize the commensality phenomena and the role of empathy in emerging ethical food consumption behavior at a social level.  The study applied qualitative research using an ethnographic method to construct situational and emotional factors of commensality as food consumption behavior in the social meal context. Finding demonstrates that social context influence eating behavior of individual through empathy. It explores a segmented social practice concerning a different viewpoint of food consumption and preference. It is a more theoretical contribution to the sociology of food as a social practice. Additionally, we define responsive eating behavior in conjunction with belief matching.

scholarly journals The role of software in science: a knowledge graph-based analysis of software mentions in PubMed Central

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e835
Author(s):  
David Schindler ◽  
Felix Bensmann ◽  
Stefan Dietze ◽  
Frank Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Information Extraction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Automated Detection ◽  
Knowledge Graph ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Large Scale Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Citation Practices

Science across all disciplines has become increasingly data-driven, leading to additional needs with respect to software for collecting, processing and analysing data. Thus, transparency about software used as part of the scientific process is crucial to understand provenance of individual research data and insights, is a prerequisite for reproducibility and can enable macro-analysis of the evolution of scientific methods over time. However, missing rigor in software citation practices renders the automated detection and disambiguation of software mentions a challenging problem. In this work, we provide a large-scale analysis of software usage and citation practices facilitated through an unprecedented knowledge graph of software mentions and affiliated metadata generated through supervised information extraction models trained on a unique gold standard corpus and applied to more than 3 million scientific articles. Our information extraction approach distinguishes different types of software and mentions, disambiguates mentions and outperforms the state-of-the-art significantly, leading to the most comprehensive corpus of 11.8 M software mentions that are described through a knowledge graph consisting of more than 300 M triples. Our analysis provides insights into the evolution of software usage and citation patterns across various fields, ranks of journals, and impact of publications. Whereas, to the best of our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive analysis of software use and citation at the time, all data and models are shared publicly to facilitate further research into scientific use and citation of software.

scholarly journals Predicting Vaccine Uptake during COVID-19 Crisis: A Motivational Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Schmitz ◽  
Olivier Luminet ◽  
Olivier Klein ◽  
Sofie Morbée ◽  
Omer Van den Bergh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Different Types

The present research examined which motivational factors contribute to individuals’ intention to take a vaccine that protects against SARS-CoV-2-virus and their self-reported vaccine uptake several months later. The role of different types of motivation was investigated (i.e., autonomous and controlled regulation) as well as vaccine distrust and effort to obtain a vaccine. Across two large-scale cross-sectional (N = 8887) and longitudinal (N = 6996) studies and controlling for various covariates, autonomous motivation and distrust-based amotivation contributed positively and negatively, respectively, to a) concurrent vaccination intentions, b) self-reported vaccination and c) subsequent subscription to a waitlist to obtain a vaccine. Participants’ infection-related risk perception predicted more positive vaccination outcomes through fostering greater autonomous motivation for vaccination and lower distrust, whereas pandemic-related health concerns failed to yield such adaptive effects. The results emphasize the importance of fostering autonomous motivation for vaccination and handling distrust, both at the societal and face-to-face level.

Blending Ad Hoc and Formal Workflow Models in Support of Different Stakeholders Needs

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550007
Author(s):  
Roberto Silveira Silva Filho ◽  
Monica McKenna ◽  
Kevin McDevitt
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Workflow Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Workflow Modeling ◽  
Large Scale Systems ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Different Types

Workflow management systems (WfMSs) also known as business process management systems (BPMSs) are increasingly popular in today’s large organizations. In spite of this popularity, many processes are still supported by ad hoc systems based, for example, on spreadsheets and homegrown databases. In particular, there is a lack of flexible process automation approaches that are able to bridge the gap between these ad hoc solutions and large-scale systems. This paper reports on a flexible WfMS and approach that blends formal and informal workflow modeling and execution, thus supporting different types of processes. We validate our work by discussing its design and implementation, and by analyzing its use in four different use cases within Siemens business units. We also discuss the role of action items as important flexibility mechanisms behind our model. Showing its ability to handle exceptions and ad hoc workflows.

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