scholarly journals The Strasbourg Visual Scale: A Novel Method to Assess Visual Hallucinations

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Giersch ◽  
Thomas Huard ◽  
Sohee Park ◽  
Cherise Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Visual Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Internal Experience ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Disorders Of The Self

The experience of oneself in the world is based on sensory afferences, enabling us to reach a first-perspective perception of our environment and to differentiate oneself from the world. Visual hallucinations may arise from a difficulty in differentiating one's own mental imagery from externally-induced perceptions. To specify the relationship between hallucinations and the disorders of the self, we need to understand the mechanisms of hallucinations. However, visual hallucinations are often under reported in individuals with psychosis, who sometimes appear to experience difficulties describing them. We developed the “Strasbourg Visual Scale (SVS),” a novel computerized tool that allows us to explore and capture the subjective experience of visual hallucinations by circumventing the difficulties associated with verbal descriptions. This scale reconstructs the hallucinated image of the participants by presenting distinct physical properties of visual information, step-by-step to help them communicate their internal experience. The strategy that underlies the SVS is to present a sequence of images to the participants whose choice at each step provides a feedback toward re-creating the internal image held by them. The SVS displays simple images on a computer screen that provide choices for the participants. Each step focuses on one physical property of an image, and the successive choices made by the participants help them to progressively build an image close to his/her hallucination, similar to the tools commonly used to generate facial composites. The SVS was constructed based on our knowledge of the visual pathways leading to an integrated perception of our environment. We discuss the rationale for the successive steps of the scale, and to which extent it could complement existing scales.

Consciousness weaves our internal view of the outside world

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Gur
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Internal View ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Object Based ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

AbstractLow-level consciousness is fundamental to our understanding of the world. Within the conscious field, the constantly changing external visual information is transformed into stable, object-based percepts. Remarkably, holistic objects are perceived while we are cognizant of all of the spatial details comprising the objects and of the relationship between individual elements. This parallel conscious association is unique to the brain. Conscious contributions to motor activity come after our understanding of the world has been established.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN DATA CINEMETRIC SEBAGAI SATU PENEMUAN SIGNIFIKASI MAKNA SUBTEKS DALAM KAJIAN FILEM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Fazmi Hisham
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
Sign System ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Basis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Semiotic Theory

Kajian ini memberi fokus kepada objek formal iaitu disebut sebagai sinematik dan sistem tanda. Filem Lelaki Harapan Dunia (LHD, 2014) merupakan material teks filem yang menyelusuri pengalaman subjektif manusia dan takrifan mereka terhadap dunia khususnya dalam dunia ruang komposisi filem (memahami cara, pandangan atau perspektif dunia melalui pandangan orang lain) menjadi asas utama kajian. Dalam konteks kajian ini, teori Miles dan Huberman, dan aplikasi perisian Cinemetrics digunakan dengan pendekatan data rubrik yang kemudiannya sebagai verifikasi data keseluruhannya untuk paparan data yang lebih tersusun. Teori Semiotik Roland Barthes digunakan terhadap teks filem dan penelitian akan bertumpu bagaimana pembinaan unsur sinematik menghasilkan makna subteks. Kajian ini melihat kepada aspek teknikal gerak kerja kamera sebagai penelitian utama dalam memahami sistem tanda dan makna menerusi perisian Cinemetrics. Subteks yang signifikan ini diperoleh daripada sistem tanda semiotik yang lebih spesifik iaitu denotasi, konotasi dan mitos. Fokus analisis adegan dan unsur sinematik yang benar-benar dominan sahaja dilakukan yang merangkumi perbincangan gerak kerja kamera adegan 16 dan 64. Hasil penelitian terhadap teks filem, ia berfungsi sebagai ideational yang menerangkan hubungan antara actants (pelakon) memainkan peranan mereka dalam filem, keduanya berfungsi sebagai interpersonal yang mengangkat pemikiran pengarah seperti yang disampaikan dan ketiga berfungsi sebagai textual yang membawa maksud mesej disampaikan secara tersirat.   This study focuses on formal objects called cinematic and sign systems. Lelaki Harapan Dunia (LHD, 2014) is a text material that examines human subjective experience as well as their definition of the world especially in the film composition (understanding the way, view or perspective of the world through the eyes of others) becomes the main basis of the study. In the context of this study, Miles and Huberman theory as well as Cinemetrics software applications for a more structured show of data are used with a rubric data style that later as a verification of the overall data. Roland Barthes’s Semiotic theory is applied to the film and research will focus on how the construction of cinematic elements generates meaning through semiotic theory. Technical aspects such as camera movement is the key research insight the sign system and its meaning. This significance subtext is derived from a more specific system of semiotic signs, i.e., denotations, connotations and myths. The focus of the analysis will investigate scenes and cinematic elements that is dominant only in suggesting meaning. Discussion’s scenes 16 and 64 will firstly serves as an ideational that describes the relationship between actants (actors) playing their roles in the film, second, functioning as interpersonal that elevates the director’s thinking as presented and the third serves as textual that carries the meaning of the messageexpressed implicitly.

The Subjective Nature of Time and the Individual’s (In)Ability to Inflict Social Change

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
Molly Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Personal Identity ◽  
Social History ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Nature Of Time ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alfred Bester

This chapter explores the individual microhistory by looking at works by Alfred Bester which consider the subjective nature of time and the privatisation of temporal experience. Bester’s works often demonstrate the lack of a universal continuum and the isolated nature of an individual’s timeline, which can be seen as a representation of the individual’s (in)ability to exhibit agency over their social environment. This chapter proposes that Bester is utilising an otherwise standard SF trope to invite his readers to re-examine the way in which individuals are made to conform to a society which is given priority over the individual self. This chapter delineates the relationship between the self’s subjective experience of the world, in terms of psychology and personal identity, and the objective assumptions of that world in regards to the individual, thus demonstrating the self’s seemingly unalterable place in social history.

The Holy Spirit and Christian Experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon Zahl
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Karl Barth ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
The World ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
Human Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

This book presents a fresh vision for Christian theology that foregrounds the relationship between theological ideas and the experiences of Christians. It argues that theology is always operating in a vibrant landscape of feeling and desiring, and shows that contemporary theology has often operated in problematic isolation from these experiential dynamics. It then argues that a theologically serious doctrine of the Holy Spirit not only authorizes but requires attention to Christian experience. Against this background, the book outlines a new methodological approach to Christian theology that attends to the emotional and experiential power of theological doctrines. This methodology draws on recent interdisciplinary research on affect and emotion, which has shown that affects are powerful motivating realities that saturate all dimensions of human thinking and acting. In the process, the book also explains why contemporary theology has often been ambivalent about subjective experience, and demonstrates that current discourse about God’s activity in the world is often artificially abstracted from experience and embodiment. The book culminates in a proposal for a new experiential and pneumatological account of the theology of grace that builds on this methodology. Focusing on the work of the Holy Spirit in salvation and sanctification, it retrieves insights from Augustine, Luther, and Philip Melanchthon to present an affective and Augustinian vision of salvation as a pedagogy of desire. In articulating this vision, the book engages critically with recent emphasis on participation and theosis in Christian soteriology and charts a new path forward for Protestant theology in a landscape hitherto dominated by the theological visions of Karl Barth and Thomas Aquinas.

Investigating the Multimodal Nature of Human Communication

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Paulmann ◽  
Sarah Jessen ◽  
Sonja A. Kotz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Channel Condition ◽  
Prosodic Cues ◽  
Early Processing ◽  
Related Potentials

The multimodal nature of human communication has been well established. Yet few empirical studies have systematically examined the widely held belief that this form of perception is facilitated in comparison to unimodal or bimodal perception. In the current experiment we first explored the processing of unimodally presented facial expressions. Furthermore, auditory (prosodic and/or lexical-semantic) information was presented together with the visual information to investigate the processing of bimodal (facial and prosodic cues) and multimodal (facial, lexic, and prosodic cues) human communication. Participants engaged in an identity identification task, while event-related potentials (ERPs) were being recorded to examine early processing mechanisms as reflected in the P200 and N300 component. While the former component has repeatedly been linked to physical property stimulus processing, the latter has been linked to more evaluative “meaning-related” processing. A direct relationship between P200 and N300 amplitude and the number of information channels present was found. The multimodal-channel condition elicited the smallest amplitude in the P200 and N300 components, followed by an increased amplitude in each component for the bimodal-channel condition. The largest amplitude was observed for the unimodal condition. These data suggest that multimodal information induces clear facilitation in comparison to unimodal or bimodal information. The advantage of multimodal perception as reflected in the P200 and N300 components may thus reflect one of the mechanisms allowing for fast and accurate information processing in human communication.

Kazakhstan’s Economic Growth in the Context of the World Economy

2006 ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Arystanbekov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Crude Petroleum ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Kazakhstan’s economic policy results in 1995-2005 are considered in the article. In particular, the analysis of the relationship between economic growth and some indicators of nation states - population, territory, direct access to the World Ocean, and extraction of crude petroleum - is presented. Basic problems in the sphere of economic policy in Kazakhstan are formulated.

Virginia Woolf and Being-in-the-world

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Simone
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Binary Oppositions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Existential Perspective

Virginia Woolf and Being-in-the-world: A Heideggerian Study explores Woolf’s treatment of the relationship between self and world from a phenomenological-existential perspective. This study presents a timely and compelling interpretation of Virginia Woolf’s textual treatment of the relationship between self and world from the perspective of the philosophy of Martin Heidegger. Drawing on Woolf’s novels, essays, reviews, letters, diary entries, short stories, and memoirs, the book explores the political and the ontological, as the individual’s connection to the world comes to be defined by an involvement and engagement that is always already situated within a particular physical, societal, and historical context. Emma Simone argues that at the heart of what it means to be an individual making his or her way in the world, the perspectives of Woolf and Heidegger are founded upon certain shared concerns, including the sustained critique of Cartesian dualism, particularly the resultant binary oppositions of subject and object, and self and Other; the understanding that the individual is a temporal being; an emphasis upon intersubjective relations insofar as Being-in-the-world is defined by Being-with-Others; and a consistent emphasis upon average everydayness as both determinative and representative of the individual’s relationship to and with the world.

A Māori Girl Watches, Listens, and Learns – Coming of Age from an Indigenous Viewpoint: Mauri (Merata Mita, 1988)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Fox
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Indigenous Woman ◽  
Spiritual Dimension ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Force ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines Merata Mita’s Mauri, the first fiction feature film in the world to be solely written and directed by an indigenous woman, as an example of “Fourth Cinema” – that is, a form of filmmaking that aims to create, produce, and transmit the stories of indigenous people, and in their own image – showing how Mita presents the coming-of-age story of a Māori girl who grows into an understanding of the spiritual dimension of the relationship of her people to the natural world, and to the ancestors who have preceded them. The discussion demonstrates how the film adopts storytelling procedures that reflect a distinctively Māori view of time and are designed to signify the presence of the mauri (or life force) in the Māori world.

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

Examining the Kinships System of the Bodo

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
Dr. Oinam Ranjit Singh ◽  
Dr. Nushar Bargayary
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The Bodo of the North Eastern region of India have their own kinship system to maintain social relationship since ancient periods. Kinship is the expression of social relationship. Kinship may be defined as connection or relationships between persons based on marriage or blood. In each and every society of the world, social relationship is considered to be the more important than the biological bond. The relationship is not socially recognized, it fall outside the realm of kinship. Since kinship is considered as universal, it plays a vital role in the socialization of individuals and the maintenance of social cohesion of the group. Thus, kinship is considered to be the study of the sum total of these relations. The kinship of the Bodo is bilateral. The kin related through the father is known as Bahagi in Bodo whereas the kin to the mother is called Kurma. The nature of social relationships, the kinship terms, kinship behaviours and prescriptive and proscriptive rules are the important themes of the present study.

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