scholarly journals Tracking Study on the Relapse and Aftercare Effect of Drug Patients Released From a Compulsory Isolated Detoxification Center

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nian Liu ◽  
Zekai Lu ◽  
Ying Xie
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Professional Social Worker ◽  
Time To Relapse ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and AimsThere are no accurate statistical data on the relapse rate of drug abstainers after compulsory detoxification in China. This study aimed to collect relapse data for drug abstainers through follow-up visits, verify the effectiveness of professional social worker services and explore significant factors affecting relapse.Design and SettingThe drug abstainers released from Guangzhou T Compulsory Isolated Detoxification Center were randomly divided into two groups. The difference between the experimental group and the control group is that assistance services were provided by social workers to the former.ParticipantsThe study included 510 drug abstainers released from T Center, including 153 in the experimental group and 357 in the control group.MeasurementsDemographic information, history of drug abuse, and motivation for drug rehabilitation (SOCRATES) were collected 1 month prior to drug abstainer release from compulsory detoxification. Then, the relapse situation after their release was tracked according to fixed time points.FindingsThe overall relapse rate of 510 drug abstainers after their release from compulsory detoxification was 47.6%. The average survival time to relapse based on survival analysis was 220 days (N = 486), as calculated with Bayesian estimation by the MCMC method. The average survival times to relapse of the experimental group and control group were 393 and 175 days, respectively. By taking the specific survival time as the dependent variable and the group as the control variable (OR = 25.362), logistic regression analysis showed that marital status (OR = 2.666), previous compulsory detoxification experience (OR = 2.329) and location of household registration (OR = 1.557) had a significant impact on the survival time to relapse.ConclusionsThe occurrence of relapse among drug patients released from compulsory detoxification can be delayed effectively through the intervention of professional social worker services. Regardless of whether patients receive aftercare after compulsory detoxification, drug-using patients who are single, have multiple detoxification experiences and whose households are registered in other provinces deserve special attention. Relevant suggestions to avoid relapse are provided.

Effects of feeding frequency on life processes of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides sacculifer in laboratory culture

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. H. Bé ◽  
D. A. Caron ◽  
O. R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifer ◽  
Shell Size ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Feeding Regimes

Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady), a common planktonic foraminifer collected by SCUBA off Barbados, was maintained under six feeding regimes at constant light and temperature conditions. Five groups of 63 specimens each were fed 1-day-old Anemia at the rate of one nauplius per specimen every 1, 2, 3, 4 or 7 days. A starved control group received no Anemia. The rate of chamber formation and shell size increased proportional to the feeding frequency. However, an inverse correlation existed between survival time and feeding frequency. Normally, survival time ends with gametogenesis which terminates the life of the mother cell. Organisms fed more frequently reached maturity and underwent gametogenesis more rapidly than those fed less frequently. The average survival time of G. sacculifer in culture ranged from 7 days for the daily-fed group to 11 days for the group fed every 7 days. While the latter grew more slowly they eventually reached maturity. Starved individuals rarely formed chambers and often died without undergoing gametogenesis. Symbiotic zooxanthellae presumably prolonged survival of starved organisms. Extrapolation of survival data suggests G. sacculifer has a variable life span of 2 to 4 weeks depending on food availability.

THE EFFECT OF CHLORPROMAZINE GIVEN WITH REINFUSION ON THE MORTALITY RATE FROM STANDARDIZED HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK IN THE RAT

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Carruthers ◽  
C. W. Gowdey
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Average Survival Time ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
Average Survival

Anesthetized rats were subjected to a standardized hemorrhagic shock procedure; one group (20 animals) served as controls and another group (eight animals) was injected with chlorpromazine. The treated animals died very quickly: only one survived more than 12 hr. and none 48 hr.; the average survival time of 18 control fatalities was 14.0 hr., and two lived. Of the various cardiovascular and respiratory indices measured, only the post-reinfusion arterial pressure was different in the treated from that in the control group. Differences between the control groups in this and in an earlier series (Downie and Stevenson (1955)) can probably be accounted for by differences in the temperature of the laboratory.

scholarly journals Comparison between clinical features and prognosis of malignancy- and non-malignancy–associated pediatric hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Pan ◽  
Yongmin Huo ◽  
Lirong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Overall Survival Time

Abstract Background The differences between the clinical characteristics and survival time in malignancy- and non-malignancy–associated secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) are unclear. Here, we describe the clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and survival outcomes of malignancy-associated HLH compared to that of non-malignancy–associated HLH. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 91 pediatric patients with HLH (age < 14 years) at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Pediatric Department between January 2005 and October 2016. The patients were divided into the malignancy-associated group (n = 22) and non-malignancy–associated group (n = 69, also considered the control group). The clinical features were compared using the Mann–Whitney U and χ2 tests. The overall survival time was compared using log rank and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results Hemoglobin (HGB; p = 0.004), alanine aminotransferase (ALT; p = 0.002), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST; p = 0.001) levels in the malignancy-associated group differed from that in the non-malignancy–associated group. The mean survival times were 26.9 ± 3.82 months (malignancy-associated HLH) and 35.03 ± 2.19 months (non-malignancy–associated HLH). The overall survival time between the two groups was not statistically significantly different (p = 0.055). Univariate analysis showed that disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) score > 5 (p = 0.001), albumin < 25 g/L (p = 0.000), HGB < 60 g/L (p = 0.001), and platelet count (PLT) < 30 × 109/L (p = 0.042) correlated with prognosis. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that albumin < 25 g/L (p = 0.017), HGB < 60 g/L (p = 0.027), and bone marrow hemophagocytosis (p = 0.034) correlated with worse prognosis. Conclusions Patients with non-malignancy–associated HLH do not have better survival, although their prognosis is relatively better in clinical practice. A higher DIC score at diagnosis and lower albumin, HGB, and PLT levels are negative prognostic factors in malignancy-associated HLH.

scholarly journals The maintenance of modified electroconvulsive therapy combined with risperidone is better than risperidone alone in preventing relapse of schizophrenia and improving cognitive function

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 823-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yang ◽  
Xiaojing Cheng ◽  
Qingzhi Xu ◽  
Renjun Li ◽  
Zengxun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effect of maintenance modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) on schizophrenic patients. Methods From June 2012 to June 2014, 62 patients with schizophrenia, who had recovered from a successful course of acute MECT, were recruited. Thirty-one patients received maintenance MECT and risperidone, as the experimental group. Another 31 patients were enrolled in the control group, and received risperidone only. The effects on cognitive functions, clinical symptoms and relapse rate were determined. Results Patients in the experimental group had a lower relapse rate and longer relapse-free survival time than the controls. Relative to the baseline evaluation, patients showed statistically significant improvement in verbal memory and visual memory. At the final assessment, the scores of verbal and visual memory were remarkably lower in the experimental group than the controls but there was no significant difference in other tests. Conclusion Maintenance MECT plus medication is superior to medication alone in preventing relapse and improving cognitive function.

scholarly journals Starvation resistance of invasive lace bug Corythucha ciliata (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Wei Wu ◽  
Xian-Chen Li ◽  
Huan-Xiu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Starvation Resistance ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Starvation Survival ◽  
Natural Settings ◽  
Complete Starvation ◽  
Starvation Conditions

Food shortage is a prevalent threat to insect survival and successful reproduction in natural settings. An insect species invading new areasmay have a high capacity to survive and adapt to starvation. To test these hypotheses, we assessed the survival time of Corythucha ciliata (Say), in a laboratory under two starvation conditions: complete starvation (no food supplied) and gradual starvation (food provided once and not replenished). Under complete starvation, survival of 3rd to 5th instar nymphs tended to decline steadily, whereas under gradual starvation this process was delayed in the initial stage. The average survival times increased as the instar increased under both conditions (14.0 h, 15.9 h and 24.4 h under complete starvation conditions; 27.8 h, 29.6 h and 33.6 h under gradual starvation conditions). The longest lived individual nymph survived for 49 hours. The results may partially explain the rapid global expansion of C. ciliata.

Effectiveness of GVHD and GVL of Donor-Derived NK Cell of MHC Haplotype-Mismatched BMT in Mice.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 5163-5163
Author(s):  
Chunyan Wang ◽  
Huo Tan ◽  
Guo Kunyuan
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cells ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Mhc Haplotype ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Objective: To study Effectiveness of GVHD and GVL of donor-derived NK cell of MHC haplotype-mismatched BMT in mice. Methods: CB6F1 H-2b/d mice model of EL9611 (H-2d) erythroleukemia was developed by injection of EL9611 (H-2d) cells in tail vein, CB6F1 H-2b/d mice as the recipient, and C57BL/6H-2b mice as the donor. 70 CB6F1 H-2b/d mice were randomly separated into 7 groups (10 mice per group). Control groups (4 groups): the first group was the one without treatment, the second one was simple-irradiation group, the third one was the Ara-c-treated group which Ara-c were injected into mice at 50mg/(kg·one)×6d followed by infusion of EL9611(H-2d) 5 days, the fourth one was haplotype-mismatched GVHD-control group which bone marrow cells and spleen cells of C57BL/6H-2b mice were injected into the mice after 4 hours irradiation. Experimental groups(2 groups): Irradiated 9Gy, mice were injected C57BL/6H-2b NK cells(1×106) and then BM cells after 4 hours in the first experimental group. After irradiation of 9Gy, mice were injected C57BL/6H-2b NK cells(1×106) and then BM cells and spleen cells after 4 hours secondly. The effect was assessed by blood routine test, survival time, body weight, and histopathology in the recipients. Results: [circ1]Life span: the survival time was (10.10±0.88) days, (9.80±0.92)days, (22.70±3.23) days and (20.10±1.73) days in the first, second, third and fifth control groups respectively, (30.10±15.95) days in the fourth control group in which the survival time of 2 mice was more than 30 days. The survival time was (39.10±18.11) days and (49.30±17.24) days in the first and second experimental groups respectively. The survival time in 4 mice of the first experimental group was more than 30 days and 7 mice of the second experimental group. The survival time of the first of experimental group was much longer than that in the first, second, third and fifth control groups (P<0.01). The survival time of the second experimental group was much longer than that in other groups (P<0.05). [circ2]Histopathology change: It was observed that the liver and spleen were enlarged and destroyed in the mice died from leukemia by leukemia cells. [circ3]It was noted that chimerism of Y chromosome appeared in mice of experimental groups of long survival time. Conclusion: The findings provide that donor-derived NK cell has the ability of antileukemia and can reduce GVHD in C57BL/6H-2b→CB6F1 H-2b/d of erythroleukemia mice (EL9611, H-2d).

THE EFFECT OF CHLORPROMAZINE GIVEN WITH REINFUSION ON THE MORTALITY RATE FROM STANDARDIZED HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK IN THE RAT

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
G. F. Carruthers ◽  
C. W. Gowdey
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Average Survival Time ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
Average Survival

Anesthetized rats were subjected to a standardized hemorrhagic shock procedure; one group (20 animals) served as controls and another group (eight animals) was injected with chlorpromazine. The treated animals died very quickly: only one survived more than 12 hr. and none 48 hr.; the average survival time of 18 control fatalities was 14.0 hr., and two lived. Of the various cardiovascular and respiratory indices measured, only the post-reinfusion arterial pressure was different in the treated from that in the control group. Differences between the control groups in this and in an earlier series (Downie and Stevenson (1955)) can probably be accounted for by differences in the temperature of the laboratory.

Virulence of Metarhizium brunneum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) Strains Against Stinkbugs Euschistus heros and Dichelops furcatus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 2540-2545
Author(s):  
G Resquín-Romero ◽  
C Cabral-Antúnez ◽  
H Sarubbi-Orue ◽  
I Garrido-Jurado ◽  
P Valverde-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Average Survival Time ◽  
Native Strain ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Euschistus Heros ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Three strains of fungi belonging to the genus Metarhizium Sorokīn (ARSEF 4556, ARSEF 3297, native strain) were assayed against adults and nymphs of the Neotropical brown stinkbug Euschistus heros (F.) and the green-belly stinkbug Dichelops furcatus (F.). The most virulent strain, ARSEF 4556, caused over 90% mortality. The average survival time of the second and fifth instar nymphs and adults following immersion in 1 × 108 conidia ml−1 was 4.8, 5.7, and 5.2 d, respectively. The second instar nymphs were more susceptible than the adults. The LC50 values and median survival times for second instar and adult E. heros were 1.6 × 107 and 3.1 × 107 conidia ml−1 and 6 and 8 d, respectively. Eggs of E. heros and the closely related stinkbug, D. furcatus, were highly susceptible to ARSEF 4556 with the mean mortality of eggs immersed in 1 × 108 conidia ml−1 being 77.4% and 89.7%, respectively. The strain 3297 showed also good aptitudes for stinkbugs control with mortalities higher than 80% against nymphs and adults and eggs mortalities of 75.5% for E. heros and 79.6% for D. furcatus. This study has shown that it is possible to have a two-pronged control strategy, targeting adults and to reduce oviposition and targeting egg clusters to prevent emergence and dispersal of nymphs. Besides early instars of nymphs have been shown to be more susceptible to the fungal strains than late instars and adults.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF LEARNING ACCOMPANIED BY SELF HYPNOSIS ON INCREASING MATHEMATICS VALUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Endro Tri Susdarwono
Keyword(s):  
Control Variable ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mathematics Scores ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group 1

Hypnosis is the fastest and most effective way to get into the subconscious mind. Each suggestion was nine times stronger than the usual situation. This experimental research aims to provide a description of the effect of learning accompanied by self-hypnosis on increasing mathematics scores. The test is done by comparing the post-test scores of the control group and the experimental group through the t test for the independent sample. This experimental study concluded that the method of learning mathematics with self-hypnosis was able to improve students' mathematical abilities. This conclusion is evidenced by the significant difference between the mean of group 1 as the control variable and group 2 as the experimental variable after being given treatment or stimulus for a period of 1 semester

scholarly journals Effect Observation of Clinical Treatment with Oxaliplatin and Tiggio for Biliary Tract Tumors on Advanced Stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Haibin Wang ◽  
Jiao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reaction ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Biliary Tract ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Biliary Tract Tumors ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: To investigate the effect of oxaliplatin combined with tiggio in the treatment of advanced biliary tract tumors. Methods: The research period was from November 2019 to November 2020. 80 patients with advanced biliary tumor disease were enrolled. They were divided into groups according to the order of admission, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received oxaliplatin combined with gemcitabine, and the experimental group received oxaliplatin combined with tiggio. Incidence of adverse reactions, time to disease progression, survival time and clinical efficacy were checked and assessed. Results: Compared with the incidence of adverse reaction of the experimental group, which was 5.00% (2/40), the incidence of adverse reaction of the control group was 25.00% (10/40). The chi-square value = 6.2745, p-value = 0.0122. The time to progression and survival time of patients in the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group, with significant differences between the groups (p<0.05); the clinical efficacy of the experimental group and the control group were 97.50% (39/40) and 77.50% (31/ 40) respectively, the comparative chi-square value = 7.3143, p-value = 0.0068. Conclusion: The combined treatment of oxaliplatin and Tiggio in the treatment of advanced biliary tract tumors has higher safety and reduces the incidence of adverse reactions.

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