Bootstrapping Virtual Bipedal Walkers with Robotics Scaffolded Learning

We reach walking optimality from a very early age by using natural supports, which can be the hands of our parents, chairs, and training wheels, and bootstrap a new knowledge from the recently acquired one. The idea behind bootstrapping is to use the previously acquired knowledge from simpler tasks to accelerate the learning of more complicated ones. In this paper, we propose a scaffolded learning method from an evolutionary perspective, where a biped creature achieves stable and independent bipedal walking while exploiting the natural scaffold of its changing morphology to create a third limb. The novelty of this work is speeding up the learning process with an artificially recreated scaffolded learning. We compare three conditions of scaffolded learning (free, time-constrained, and performance-based scaffolded learning) to reach bipedalism, and we prove that a performance-based scaffold, which is designed by the walking velocity obtained, is the most conducive to bootstrap the learning of bipedal walking. The scope of this work is not to study bipedal locomotion but to investigate the contribution from scaffolded learning to a faster learning process. Beyond a pedagogical experiment, this work presents a powerful tool to accelerate the learning of complex tasks in the Robotics field.

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Scaffolded Learning of Bipedal Walkers: Bootstrapping Ontogenetic Development

10.1101/2020.10.03.324632 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jiahui Zhu ◽

Chunyan Rong ◽

Fumiya Iida ◽

Andre Rosendo

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary Robotics ◽

Bipedal Walking ◽

Early Age ◽

Bipedal Locomotion ◽

Foot Placement ◽

Natural Supports ◽

New Knowledge ◽

Scaffolded Learning ◽

Gait Optimization ◽

And Training

AbstractBipedal locomotion has several key challenges, such as balancing, foot placement, and gait optimization. We reach optimality from a very early age by using natural supports, such as our parent’s hands, chairs, and training wheels, and bootstrap a new knowledge from the recently acquired one. In this paper, we propose a scaffolded learning method from an evolutionary robotics perspective, where a biped creature achieves stable and independent bipedal walking while exploiting the natural scaffold of its changing morphology to create a third limb. Hence, we compare three conditions of scaffolded learning to reach bipedalism, and we prove that a performance-based scaffold is the most conducive to accelerate the learning of ontogenetic bipedal walking. Beyond a pedagogical experiment, this work presents a powerful tool to accelerate learning on robots.

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Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Dan Kinerja Guru di MAN 1 Pati

TADBIR Jurnal Studi Manajemen Pendidikan ◽

10.29240/jsmp.v4i2.1428 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 161

Author(s):

Subaidi Subaidi

Keyword(s):

Learning Process ◽

Quality Of Education ◽

Islamic School ◽

School Head ◽

Multi Media ◽

And Performance ◽

Design Case Study ◽

And Training

This research describe about the leadership of the head madrasah in improving quality of education and performance teacher at MAN 1. This kind of research is field reseach, with the design, case study. The data collection techniques through interviews, observation the questionnaire, and documentation of. As for the analysis of data used in the qualitative study conducted in an interactive and place in a continuous, to completion so that the data is saturated.Activity in, data analysis namely the reduction of, data , presentation of data the withdrawal of conclusions and verification. The research results have to conclude: first an increase in professionalism teacher through direct strategy as the embodiment of a device for teachers, learning efforts to improve the performance of teachers and the evaluation of the learning process as well as training teachers; while coaching professionalism teacher indirectly such as include teacher in various seminars and training, a higher level of magister, including the gfc and mgmp.Both, the development of infrastructures, between pemavingan madrasah, another page the construction of a new building, and renovation of the old building, the manufacture of the fence madrasah, the construction of a mosque and madrasah, and improving the infrastructure of the multi media. Through the effort is expected to the learning process runs smoothly and potential on students. well developed. Meanwhile in the performance of teachers, peneingkatan islamic school head teacher always improve commitment in achieving discipline, motivate teachers work in intense, and the head madrasah be an example.

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Pacing in Time-Limited Ultramarathons from 6 to 24 Hours—The Aspects of Age, Sex and Performance Level

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13052705 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2705

Author(s):

Hagen Deusch ◽

Pantelis T. Nikolaidis ◽

José Ramón Alvero-Cruz ◽

Thomas Rosemann ◽

Beat Knechtle

Keyword(s):

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Training Programs ◽

Performance Level ◽

Running Speed ◽

And Performance ◽

Main Effects ◽

And Training ◽

Age And Sex

(1) Background: Compared with marathon races, pacing in time-limited ultramarathons has only been poorly discussed in the literature. The aim of the present study was to analyze the interaction of performance level, age and sex with pacing during 6 h, 12 h or 24 h time-limited ultramarathons. (2) Methods: Participants (n = 937, age 48.62 ± 11.80 years) were the finishers in 6 h (n = 40, 17 women and 23 men), 12 h (n = 232, 77 women and 155 men) and 24 h (n = 665, 166 women and 409 men) ultramarathons. The coefficient of variation (CV), calculated as SD/mean, was used to described pacing. Low scores of CV denoted a more even pacing, and vice versa. A two-way analysis of variance examined the main effects and interactions of sex and race duration on age, race speed and pacing. (3) Results: More men participated in the longer race distances than in the shorter ones and men were older and faster than women. Comparing the 6 h, 12 h and 24 h races, the finishers in the 6 h were the fastest, the finishers in the 12 h were the oldest and the finishers in the 24 h showed the most variable pacing. Furthermore, the faster running speed in the 12 h (women, r = −0.64; men, r = −0.49, p < 0.001) and the 24 h (r = −0.47 in women and men, p < 0.001) was related to less variable pacing. (4) Conclusions: These data might help runners and coaches to choose the the proper duration of a race and training programs for their athletes.

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Gaze awareness and metacognitive suggestions by a pedagogical conversational agent: an experimental investigation on interventions to support collaborative learning process and performance

International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning ◽

10.1007/s11412-020-09333-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 469-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yugo Hayashi

Keyword(s):

Collaborative Learning ◽

Real Time ◽

Learning Process ◽

Common Ground ◽

Learning Performance ◽

Conversational Agent ◽

Learning Gains ◽

Computer Supported Collaborative Learning ◽

Collaborative Process ◽

And Performance

AbstractResearch on collaborative learning has revealed that peer-collaboration explanation activities facilitate reflection and metacognition and that establishing common ground and successful coordination are keys to realizing effective knowledge-sharing in collaborative learning tasks. Studies on computer-supported collaborative learning have investigated how awareness tools can facilitate coordination within a group and how the use of external facilitation scripts can elicit elaborated knowledge during collaboration. However, the separate and joint effects of these tools on the nature of the collaborative process and performance have rarely been investigated. This study investigates how two facilitation methods—coordination support via learner gaze-awareness feedback and metacognitive suggestion provision via a pedagogical conversational agent (PCA)—are able to enhance the learning process and learning gains. Eighty participants, organized into dyads, were enrolled in a 2 × 2 between-subject study. The first and second factors were the presence of real-time gaze feedback (no vs. visible gaze) and that of a suggestion-providing PCA (no vs. visible agent), respectively. Two evaluation methods were used: namely, dialog analysis of the collaborative process and evaluation of learning gains. The real-time gaze feedback and PCA suggestions facilitated the coordination process, while gaze was relatively more effective in improving the learning gains. Learners in the Gaze-feedback condition achieved superior learning gains upon receiving PCA suggestions. A successful coordination/high learning performance correlation was noted solely for learners receiving visible gaze feedback and PCA suggestions simultaneously (visible gaze/visible agent). This finding has the potential to yield improved collaborative processes and learning gains through integration of these two methods as well as contributing towards design principles for collaborative-learning support systems more generally.

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Mechanical and Microstructural Characteristics of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement Exposed to Early-Age Carbonation Curing

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14133515 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (13) ◽

pp. 3515

Author(s):

Weikang Wang ◽

Xuanchun Wei ◽

Xinhua Cai ◽

Hongyang Deng ◽

Bokang Li

Keyword(s):

Cement Paste ◽

Pore Diameter ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Diameter Distribution ◽

Early Age ◽

Calcium Sulfoaluminate ◽

Starting Point ◽

And Performance ◽

Curing Pressure ◽

Carbonation Curing

: The early-age carbonation curing technique is an effective way to improve the performance of cement-based materials and reduce their carbon footprint. This work investigates the early mechanical properties and microstructure of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement specimens under early-age carbonation curing, considering five factors: briquetting pressure, water–binder (w/b) ratio, starting point of carbonation curing, carbonation curing time, and carbonation curing pressure. The carbonization process and performance enhancement mechanism of CSA cement are analyzed by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry (TG-DTG) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that early-age carbonation curing can accelerate the hardening speed of CSA cement paste, reduce the cumulative porosity of the cement paste, refine the pore diameter distribution, and make the pore diameter distribution more uniform, thus greatly improving the early compressive strength of the paste. The most favorable w/b ratio for the carbonization reaction of CSA cement paste is between 0.15 and 0.2; the most suitable carbonation curing starting time point is 4 h after initial hydration; the carbonation curing pressure should be between 3 and 4 bar; and the most appropriate time for carbonation curing is between 6 and 12 h.

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Cultivating the Ethical Repertoires of Behavior Analysts: Prevention of Common Violations

Behavior Analysis in Practice ◽

10.1007/s40617-020-00540-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lisa N. Britton ◽

Amy A. Crye ◽

Linda K. Haymes

Keyword(s):

Behavior Analyst ◽

Ethical Culture ◽

Behavior Analyst Certification Board ◽

Ethical Violations ◽

Supervision Process ◽

Organizational Perspective ◽

Behavior Analysts ◽

And Performance ◽

Supervision And Training ◽

And Training

AbstractViolations of the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code for Behavior Analysts occur despite coursework, supervision, and training. In this discussion, we highlight the most common violation categories identified: (a) improper or inadequate supervision/delegation, (b) failure to report/respond to the Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) as required, and (c) professionalism/integrity. The specific areas addressed under supervision/delegation involve behavior analysts’ standards and performance as supervisors, as well as compliance with coursework. For failure to report, the focus is on responding, reporting, and providing updated information to the BACB in a timely manner. Finally, the section on professionalism and integrity addresses multiple code elements, including integrity, professionalism, and scientific relationships, as well as methods for promoting an ethical culture and decisions involving ethical violations by others. Importantly, we provide guidance on the structure and organization of supervision, methods and guidelines regarding reporting, and rubrics to shape and evaluate professionalism and integrity. We provide recommendations for the supervision process and for practitioners from the organizational perspective so that the organization supports and promotes an ethical culture.

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EFFECTS OF LIMITED HEARING ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPEECH IN CHILDREN UNDER THREE YEARS OF AGE

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.8.1.53 ◽

1951 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 53-59

Author(s):

HENK C. HUIZING ◽

DOREEN POLLACK

Keyword(s):

Hearing Aids ◽

Speech Therapy ◽

Special Treatment ◽

Early Age ◽

Special Schools ◽

Handicapped Children ◽

Testing Procedures ◽

Future Success ◽

Clinical Conditions ◽

And Training

Natural development of speech elements in acoustically handicapped children has been proved possible provided that the limited hearing is detected at a very early age by new testing procedures. It is achieved under clinical conditions by the use of individual hearing aids which provide auditory stimulation from the age of 2 years, or even earlier, upwards. Special treatment is necessary and training of the parents plays an important part. If a listening function is not established at an early age, there is the danger that children with limited hearing will ignore sound or will actually find it annoying. Future success is dependent on the hard of hearing child's being educated together with the normal speaking children, with the reservation that he will need special arrangements for speech therapy and speech reading. New specifications should be made concerning the admission of acoustically handicapped children into special schools and the considerations mentioned above should be applied.

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Applicability of Artificial Neural Networks to Predict Mechanical and Permeability Properties of Volcanic Scoria-Based Concrete

Advances in Civil Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/5207962 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Aref M. al-Swaidani ◽

Waed T. Khwies

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Artificial Neural Networks ◽

Network Architecture ◽

Supplementary Cementitious Material ◽

Natural Pozzolans ◽

Long Time ◽

Ann Models ◽

Artificial Neural ◽

And Performance ◽

And Training

Numerous volcanic scoria (VS) cones are found in many places worldwide. Many of them have not yet been investigated, although few of which have been used as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) for a long time. The use of natural pozzolans as cement replacement could be considered as a common practice in the construction industry due to the related economic, ecologic, and performance benefits. In the current paper, the effect of VS on the properties of concrete was investigated. Twenty-one concrete mixes with three w/b ratios (0.5, 0.6, and 0.7) and seven replacement levels of VS (0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35%) were produced. The investigated concrete properties were the compressive strength, the water permeability, and the concrete porosity. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used for prediction of the investigated properties. Feed-forward backpropagation neural networks have been used. The ANN models have been established by incorporation of the laboratory experimental data and by properly choosing the network architecture and training processes. This study shows that the use of ANN models provided a more accurate tool to capture the effects of five parameters (cement content, volcanic scoria content, water content, superplasticizer content, and curing time) on the investigated properties. This prediction makes it possible to design VS-based concretes for a desired strength, water impermeability, and porosity at any given age and replacement level. Some correlations between the investigated properties were derived from the analysed data. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis showed that all studied parameters have a strong effect on the investigated properties. The modification of the microstructure of VS-based cement paste has been observed, as well.

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Effect of training on plasma myeloperoxidase concentrations measured before and following intense exercise in Thoroughbred racehorses

Comparative Exercise Physiology ◽

10.3920/cep150028 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 17-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R.G. Fonseca ◽

D.A. Kenny ◽

B.A. McGivney ◽

B.A. Murphy ◽

E.W. Hill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Venous Blood ◽

White Blood Count ◽

Training Intensity ◽

High Intensity Training ◽

Thoroughbred Racehorses ◽

Sampling Points ◽

And Performance ◽

Response To Exercise ◽

And Training

Exercise in horses induces neutrophil degranulation and subsequent increases in plasma myeloperoxidase concentrations (MPO). It is not known whether this response is affected by training or the sampling time in relation to exercise. Our objective was to evaluate plasma MPO concentration at different time points in response to exercise in Thoroughbreds before and following high-intensity training and to evaluate relationships between plasma MPO concentration, physiological measurements and performance. Throughbred racehorses in active training and racing (n=26) performed an exercise test on a high-speed treadmill at least once at the beginning (first three months), middle (second three months) or end (last three months) of a nine month training period with training intensity (number of fast work sessions) collated for each period. Heart rate, speed and distance were recorded and venous blood collected before (T0), during and up to maximal speed (TVmax), 5 min (T5min) and 4 h (T4h) following exercise for measurement of plasma lactate, serum creatine kinase concentration, plasma MPO concentration, white blood count (WBC), neutrophil count (Neut), lymphocyte count and neutrophil percentage (%Neut). WBC increased above T0 values at all sampling points with no training effect. Neut and %Neut increased above T0 values at T4h, while values at TVmax, T5min and T4h increased as training duration increased. Plasma MPO concentration increased above T0 values at all sampling points in response to exercise with all values increasing as training duration increased. Training intensity did not affect any of the measurements, correlations were not identified between any of the biological markers including MPO and physiological and training measurements and no differences were identified between elite versus non-elite horses. It was concluded that plasma MPO concentration is affected by exercise and training duration, and that further investigation of plasma MPO as an assessor of fitness and readiness for competition is warranted.

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Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran PAUD Berbasis Bahan Alam Di TK Alifia Samarinda

Jurnal Pengabdian Ahmad Yani ◽

10.53620/pay.v1i1.14 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 49-57

Author(s):

Andi Aslindah ◽

Lilis Suryani

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Learning Process ◽

Natural Materials ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Teacher Creativity ◽

The Media ◽

Teachers And Parents ◽

Early Childhood Learning ◽

And Training

Learning media is a component that contributes to the implementation of the learning process at the education unit level. The role of the media in learning, especially in early childhood education (PAUD) is very important, considering the development of children at that time was in a period of concrete thinking. However, there are still teachers who think that the role of the media in the learning process is only as a tool and may be ignored when the media is not available in schools. Even though the learning media used in the early childhood learning process should not be obtained from the store by buying. However, teachers and parents can create their own media. One solution that can overcome this condition is that it is necessary to conduct a training in making creative, attractive and easily available media in a nature-based environment. The community service activities carried out in the form of socialization and training in making learning media based on natural materials provide benefits for training participants, including: 1) For Teachers: Adding insight and increasing teacher creativity in preparing learning media by utilizing natural materials-based materials. 2) For Parents: Gained insight and experience to be more creative and innovative in assisting children to be creative in making a work (learning media) by utilizing materials that can be obtained from the natural surroundings. 3) For Children (students): Increase their self-confidence to be more skilled in performing work in creating a work (media) by collaborating with their respective parents/guardians. Keywords: PAUD Learning Media, Natural Materials

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