scholarly journals Scaffolded Learning of Bipedal Walkers: Bootstrapping Ontogenetic Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahui Zhu ◽  
Chunyan Rong ◽  
Fumiya Iida ◽  
Andre Rosendo
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Robotics ◽  
Bipedal Walking ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Bipedal Locomotion ◽  
Foot Placement ◽  
Natural Supports ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Scaffolded Learning ◽  
Gait Optimization ◽  
And Training

AbstractBipedal locomotion has several key challenges, such as balancing, foot placement, and gait optimization. We reach optimality from a very early age by using natural supports, such as our parent’s hands, chairs, and training wheels, and bootstrap a new knowledge from the recently acquired one. In this paper, we propose a scaffolded learning method from an evolutionary robotics perspective, where a biped creature achieves stable and independent bipedal walking while exploiting the natural scaffold of its changing morphology to create a third limb. Hence, we compare three conditions of scaffolded learning to reach bipedalism, and we prove that a performance-based scaffold is the most conducive to accelerate the learning of ontogenetic bipedal walking. Beyond a pedagogical experiment, this work presents a powerful tool to accelerate learning on robots.

scholarly journals Bootstrapping Virtual Bipedal Walkers with Robotics Scaffolded Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahui Zhu ◽  
Chunyan Rong ◽  
Fumiya Iida ◽  
Andre Rosendo
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Bipedal Walking ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Bipedal Locomotion ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Natural Supports ◽  
Walking Velocity ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Scaffolded Learning ◽  
And Training

We reach walking optimality from a very early age by using natural supports, which can be the hands of our parents, chairs, and training wheels, and bootstrap a new knowledge from the recently acquired one. The idea behind bootstrapping is to use the previously acquired knowledge from simpler tasks to accelerate the learning of more complicated ones. In this paper, we propose a scaffolded learning method from an evolutionary perspective, where a biped creature achieves stable and independent bipedal walking while exploiting the natural scaffold of its changing morphology to create a third limb. The novelty of this work is speeding up the learning process with an artificially recreated scaffolded learning. We compare three conditions of scaffolded learning (free, time-constrained, and performance-based scaffolded learning) to reach bipedalism, and we prove that a performance-based scaffold, which is designed by the walking velocity obtained, is the most conducive to bootstrap the learning of bipedal walking. The scope of this work is not to study bipedal locomotion but to investigate the contribution from scaffolded learning to a faster learning process. Beyond a pedagogical experiment, this work presents a powerful tool to accelerate the learning of complex tasks in the Robotics field.

EFFECTS OF LIMITED HEARING ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPEECH IN CHILDREN UNDER THREE YEARS OF AGE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
HENK C. HUIZING ◽  
DOREEN POLLACK
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Special Schools ◽  
Handicapped Children ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Future Success ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
And Training

Natural development of speech elements in acoustically handicapped children has been proved possible provided that the limited hearing is detected at a very early age by new testing procedures. It is achieved under clinical conditions by the use of individual hearing aids which provide auditory stimulation from the age of 2 years, or even earlier, upwards. Special treatment is necessary and training of the parents plays an important part. If a listening function is not established at an early age, there is the danger that children with limited hearing will ignore sound or will actually find it annoying. Future success is dependent on the hard of hearing child's being educated together with the normal speaking children, with the reservation that he will need special arrangements for speech therapy and speech reading. New specifications should be made concerning the admission of acoustically handicapped children into special schools and the considerations mentioned above should be applied.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Budaya Literasi Anak di Taman Kanak-Kanak Nurul Fikri Bekasi Utara

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-299
Author(s):  
Fadilla Ayuningtyas ◽  
Ellita Permata Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Story Telling ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Used Goods ◽  
And Training

In this millennial era our society’s ability to read is increasingly eroded by the presence of technology. Gadget is not only enjoyed by adults, but also by children even from an early age. At TK Nurul Fikri, Alamanda Regency Housing in North Bekasi, 100% of parents said that they gave a gadget to their children. Mothers also have a relatively low level of education. The Community Empowerment Program is carried out through an awareness method by providing material and training related to child care in the digital era. This program involves speakers and trainers who have been involved in parenting world. The storytelling training programs, which was carried out to improve maternal skills in educating children, are also supported by training in making story-telling materials from used goods. Through the skill playing method, children are also stimulated to be closer to literacy culture. Through this program, mothers become more open-minded and trained to build their children literacy culture. Thus children are expected to get more positive values ​​from their close environment.

Education and Training for Digital Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 207-222
Author(s):  
Sisira Edirippulige ◽  
Buddhika Senanayake
Keyword(s):  
Health Workforce ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Services Research ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Systematic Education ◽  
And Training

Digital health is fast becoming an integral part of healthcare services. Research evidence suggests that digital health can benefit stakeholders involved in healthcare, including patients and care providers. As digital health continues to integrate into routine healthcare, practitioners may require new knowledge, skills, and competencies to make the best use of it and to be able to communicate with an increasingly digitally-enabled consumer. Much effort has been made to systematic education and training relating to digital health, an important aspect in developing the digital health workforce.

The Attitude of Society towards the Education of Children with Disabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
E. Kruglova
Keyword(s):  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
State Program ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Special Children ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
And Training

The article considers the problem of education of children with disabilities from a sociological and legal point of view. The position of society on the issue of education and training of children with disabilities is reflected: if it accepts and perceives the difficulties encountered by “special” children in the process of obtaining new knowledge, whether they are ready to provide assistance, or vice versa, in every way impede their integration. The article gives a secondary analysis of already conducted sociological studies, which are complemented by a survey of authors. Separately, the parent’s opinions of children with disabilities and their views on this problem are highlighted. The data of official statistics, as well as the main results of the state program “Accessible Environment” are presented. In the end, the conclusion is drawn from the study, a vector is presented, according to which the attitude of society towards children with disabilities is changing.

scholarly journals Paramedic Practice – Knowledge Invested in Action

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Clinical Judgments ◽  
Tacit Knowing ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Practice Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training

The ability of expert practitioners to make sound judgments when faced with non-routine situations calls on a form of tacit knowing that has been loosely branded as ‘intuition’, a ‘sixth sense’, or ‘gut feeling’. The development of tacit knowledge is associated with nonformal learning that occurs in the context of the workplace; however, the elusive nature of this phenomenon has served to hamper research efforts. The focus has therefore shifted away from tacit knowledge toward the more observable concept of ‘judgment’. Paramedics are called to make clinical judgments as part of their everyday practice, often unaware of the basis behind these judgments. This case study examines the source of knowledge drawn on by experienced paramedics when making judgments, especially when faced with situations they have not previously encountered, and proposes how new knowledge and meaning is constructed through such involvements. A better understanding of the relationship between knowing and judgment, and how they are developed, will have future implications for the provision of ongoing education and training programs for paramedics.

scholarly journals New Results For Teaching Ship Handling Using Fast Time Simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (7s) ◽  
pp. 167-184
Author(s):  
Knud Benedict ◽  
◽  
Michèle Schaub ◽  
Michael Baldauf ◽  
Michael Gluch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Software Tool ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Planning Tool ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Knowledge For Teaching ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
And Training ◽  
Ship Handling

Some years ago, the SAMMON software tool box was introduced for “simulation augmented manoeuvring design, monitoring & conning”. It is based on the innovative “rapid advanced prediction & interface technology” (RAPIT) to simulate the ships motion by fast time simulation FTS with complex dynamic math models and to display the ships track immediately in an electronic sea chart for any rudder, thruster or engine manoeuvre planned by the navigator.specifically, the SAMMON planning tool will be shown in its opportunities for achieving new knowledge for teaching of ships dynamic and training of ship handling elements. That system represents the full information from ships’ manoeuvring documentation and from additional trial results squeezed in a ship dynamic model, capable of simulating environmental effects by using the RAPIT technology. The paper introduces the variety of opportunities of the training tools by presenting use case studies, e.g. For drifting under wind and how to get simple formulas for drift speed related to wind speed. Additionally, two complex manoeuvring strategies for a port arrival scenario will be compared for a ship with azimuth propeller to find out potential alternatives with less fuel consumptions and emissions.

scholarly journals Simulating bipedal walking using a translating center of pressure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karna Potwar ◽  
Dongheui Lee
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Bipedal Walking ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Foot Placement ◽  
Fast Walking ◽  
Walking Speeds ◽  
Steady State Solutions

AbstractDuring walking, foot orientation and foot placement allow humans to stabilize their gait and to move forward. Consequently the upper body adapts to the ground reaction force (GRF) transmitted through the feet. The foot-ground contact is often modeled as a fixed pivot in bipedal models for analysis of locomotion. The fixed pivot models, however, cannot capture the effect of shift in the pivot point from heel to toe. In this study, we propose a novel bipedal model, called SLIPCOP, which employs a translating center of pressure (COP) in a spring loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) model. The translating COP has two modes: one with a constant speed of translation and the other as the weighted function of the GRF in the fore aft direction. We use the relation between walking speed and touchdown (TD) angle as well as walking speed and COP speed, from existing literature, to restrict steady state solutions within the human walking domain. We find that with these relations, SLIPCOP provides steady state solutions for very slow to very fast walking speeds unlike SLIP. SLIPCOP for normal to very fast walking speed shows good accuracy in estimating COM amplitude and swing stance ratio. SLIPCOP is able to estimate the distance traveled by the COP during stance with high precision.

Toward Development of Distance Learning Environment in the Grid

2010 ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Li Kuan-Ching ◽  
Tsai Yin-Te ◽  
Tsai Chuan-Ko
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Grid Technology ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Learning Platform ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Distance Learning Environment ◽  
Network Technologies ◽  
And Training

In recent years, with the rapid development of communication and network technologies, distance learning has been popularized and it became one of the most well-known teaching methods, due to its practicability. Over the Internet, learners are free to access new knowledge without restrictions on time or location. However, current distance learning systems still present restrictions, such as support to interconnection of learning systems available in scalable, open, dynamic, and heterogeneous environments. In this chapter, we introduce a distance learning platform based on grid technology to support learning in distributed environments, where open source and freely available learning systems can share and exchange their learning and training contents. We have envisioned such distance learning platform in heterogeneous environment using grid technology. A prototype is designed and implemented, to demonstrate its effectiveness and friendly interaction between learner and learner resources used.

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