scholarly journals Oral Meloxicam Administration in Sows at Farrowing and Its Effects on Piglet Immunity Transfer and Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Navarro ◽  
Eva Mainau ◽  
Ricardo de Miguel ◽  
Déborah Temple ◽  
Marina Salas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Piglet Serum ◽  
Cellular Immune

Many factors can lead to an inadequate development of piglets during their first days of life, including poor maternal behavior, which can be due to pain caused by farrowing, and reduced colostrum ingestion. This study investigates the action of meloxicam administered orally at farrowing on piglet weight gain and immunity transfer. Thirty-five multiparous sows were divided into two groups and treated with 0.4 mg/kg of oral meloxicam (oral meloxicam group; n = 18) or with a mock administration (control group; n = 17). A total of 382 piglets were individually weighed on the farrowing day (day 0), as well as on days +9 and +20. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and A (IgA) concentrations in piglet serum and in sow's saliva, colostrum and milk were measured. Additionally, Interleukin-2 (IL-2), Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interferon gamma (IFN-⋎) in serum of piglets and in sow's milk or colostrum were studied. All samples were obtained on days +1, +9, and +20. Piglets from sows in the oral meloxicam group tended to grow faster from day +9 to day +20 than did piglets from control sows (p = 0.059), and this difference was also observed in piglets with low body weight (BW) at birth (p = 0.056). The oral meloxicam group sows tended to increase the colostrum levels of IgA and IgG, as compared with control sows on day +1 (p = 0.068 and p = 0.072, respectively). IgA levels in piglet serum from the oral meloxicam group were significantly higher than in the control group on day +1 and +9 (p = 0.019 and p = 0.011 respectively). Furthermore, IL-2 and IL-4 levels in the serum of piglets from sows in the oral meloxicam group tended to be higher than that in the control group on day +9 (p = 0.078 and 0.056, respectively). The administration of meloxicam orally at the beginning of farrowing in multiparous sows increased immunoglobin and cytokine concentrations in colostrum, improving both humoral and cellular immune response of piglets. Pre-weaning growth of piglets born with a low BW improved in the meloxicam-treated group.

scholarly journals Effect of spirulina (Spirulina platensis) and vitamin E on arsenic induced toxicity in Quail

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Most Fayza Khatun ◽  
Md Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Rakibul Islam ◽  
Sumon Sarkar ◽  
Md Anowarul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Arsenic Trioxide ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arsenic Toxicity ◽  
Histopathological Changes

Chronic arsenic toxicity is a severe disease in men and animals which occurs severely in Bangladesh. Arsenic (As) contamination in ground water used in drinking is the major concern because arsenic is present in human and animal food chain. This work was done in quails with a view to observing the efficacy of spirulina (Spirulina platensis) and vitamin E for prevention of arsenic toxicity. 60 quails were used in this study and animals were divided into control group (T0), arsenic treated group (T1), arsenic plus spirulina treated group (T2) and arsenic plus vitamin E treated group (T3). Each group consists of 15 quails. Quails of T0 group were given normal feed and water and kept as control. Quails of T1, T2 and T3 were given 100 mg arsenic trioxide/L drinking water daily for 30 days. In addition to arsenic trioxide quails of group T2 and T3 were simultaneously fed with spirulina @ 1 gm/kg feed and vitamin E @ 400 mg /kg body weight up to 30 days respectively. Five quails from each group (T0, T1, T2 and T3) were sacrificed at 15 days interval in order to determine haematological parameters. Result showed that in group T1, body weight gain was minimum, whereas in group T2 and T3 the body weight gain in quails were better. Reduction of TEC and Hb values were observed in arsenic treated group T1. Whereas in rest groups the TEC and Hb values were comparatively higher than arsenic treated group. Noticeable change observed in liver and kindey of arsenic treated group in compare to the control group. Histopathological changes also observed in liver and kindey of arsenic treated group in compare to the control group. In conclusion, spirulina and vitamin E have significant effect on body weight, hematological and postmortem and histopathological changes. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2020, 6(1): 93-98

scholarly journals Effect of dietary stevia-based sweetener on body weight and humoral immune response of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 913-917
Author(s):  
Ramón Miguel Molina-Barrios ◽  
Cielo Rubí Avilés-Trejo ◽  
María Esthela Puentes-Mercado ◽  
Jesús Raymundo Cedillo-Cobián ◽  
Juan Francisco Hernández-Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis

Background and Aim: Steviol glycosides extracted from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni have been of much consideration recently because of their beneficial effects on health, raising the possibilities for improving farm animals' health. Although some studies on stevia's dietary effect on body weight gain are available, few studies have been conducted to evaluate stevioside supplementation on immune response in broilers. This experiment aimed to analyze how a stevia-based sweetener can affect broiler chickens' growth performance and humoral response. Materials and Methods: In this experiment, one hundred and twenty 1-day-old Cobb-line broiler chicks fed with commercial starter/grower diets were included in three groups and supplemented with stevia-based sweetener at levels 0, 80, and 160 ppm, respectively. Chickens were weighed on day 0 and every 7 days for the next 6 weeks. Chicks were then immunized on days 10 and 24 with a Newcastle and infectious bronchitis vaccine and blood sampled on days 7, 24, and 35. Serologic assays were performed to detect specific antibody levels. Results: The body weight means and body weight gain on day 42 were found to be significantly higher in birds from the group fed with 80 ppm of stevia-based sweetener than those in the control group and slightly higher than those in the group supplemented with 160 ppm of stevia-based sweetener. Likewise, on day 35, antibodies against the Newcastle disease virus were higher in the treatment groups. Immune response to infectious bronchitis virus vaccination was not statistically different among the three groups through the experiment. Conclusion: Stevia-based sweetener at 80 ppm in commercial-based diets improved body weight gain and immune response in broiler chickens at the market age.

Selection, characterisation and evaluation of potential probiotic Lactobacillus spp. isolated from poultry droppings

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Asghar ◽  
M. Arif ◽  
M. Nawaz ◽  
K. Muhammad ◽  
M.A. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Poultry Droppings

Aim of the present study was to characterise and evaluate probiotic potential of lactobacilli isolated from indigenous poultry. Lactobacilli were isolated from poultry droppings and identified by genus specific polymerase chain reaction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Isolates were characterised in vitro by their ability to tolerate low pH and bile salts, phytase activity, antimicrobial activity, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and autoaggregation and coaggregation with poultry gut pathogens. In vivo evaluation of selected isolates was done by their effect on the body weight gain and immune response of broiler chicks. Total of 90, one-day old chicks, were randomly divided in 9 groups and given selected lactobacilli alone and in combinations (108 cfu/bird, daily) from day 7 to day 35. Body weight gain and humoral immune response to New Castle Disease Virus (NDV) vaccine were determined weekly. Three lactobacilli isolates (SMP52, SMP64 and SMP70) were selected as potentially probiotic bacteria on the basis of in vitro characterisation and identified as Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus casei and L. crispatus, respectively. Chicks supplemented with ‘SMP52’, ‘SMP64’, ‘SMP70’ and ‘SMP64+SMP70’ and a commercial probiotic product (Protexin) showed significantly higher mean weight gain per bird (1,584±35.2, 1,629±30.6, 1,668±34.7, 1,619±29.5 and 1,576±31.7 g/bird, respectively) as compared to negative control group (1,394±26.7 g/bird), on day 35. SMP 70 also showed significantly higher geometric mean titre against NDV vaccine at day 21 as compared to negative control. It is concluded that L. crispatus SMP52, L. casei SMP64 and L. crispatus SMP70 are potential probiotic candidates which alone or in different combinations may increase body weight of broilers.

scholarly journals Effects of iodine formulations on body weight and haematological parameters in beef cattle

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-135
Author(s):  
MR Sultana ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
MMH Sikder ◽  
MA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Lugol’S Iodine ◽  
Group B

The present research was carried out on indigenous beef cattle to study the effect of iodine formulations on body weight and hematology by using iodide salt and Lugol's iodine irrespective of feed and management in dairy farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University in collaboration with the Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University for the period of 2 months from August to September 2005. A total of 20 male bull of 2 years old were selected, weighed ranged from 80-100kg and randomly divided into four groups as A, B, C and D. Group A was treated with non- iodide salt @ 25mg/ kg b.wt, group B treated with iodide salt @ 25mg/ kg b.wt, group C treated with IV injection of 2 % Lugol's iodine @ 10 mg/kg b. wt and group D were kept as control. After treatment, blood parameters and body weight were recorded on 30th and 60th day. Highest weight gain was recorded in Lugol's iodine treated group, about 7.09 % for weight gain compared with the control group. The result reveals that use of iodine formulation is an effective way of increasing meat production and weight gain in indigenous beef cattle of Bangladesh. Key Words: Meat production, body weight, indigenous beef cattle, iodide salt, Lugol's iodine DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v4i2.1297 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (2): 133-135

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF IMMUNOGENICITY OF SYNTHETIC NEOANTIGEN PEPTIDES FOR THE MELANOMA VACCINE MODEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
A. A. Rudakova ◽  
M. A. Baryshnikova ◽  
Z. A. Sokolova ◽  
O. S. Burova ◽  
E. N. Kosobokova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Melanoma Vaccine ◽  
Serum Cytokines ◽  
Cellular Immune

Introduction. Immunotherapy based on the usage of mutant tumor neoantigens to activate the antitumor immune response is one of the most promising approaches to cancer treatment.Purpose. Evaluation of individual immunogenicity of synthetic neoantigen peptides for the B16-F10 melanoma vaccine model.Materials and methods. We studied 32 synthetic neoantigen peptides with a length of 25–27 amino acids, which were previously selected as potentially immunogenic by bioinformatic analysis of B16-F10 melanoma sequencing data and healthy tissues of C57Bl/6J mice. Groups of C57Bl/6J mice were immunized four times at weekly intervals with each individual peptide in combination with the adjuvant Poly(I:C), one of the groups was immunized only with Poly(I:C), and the control group was not immunized with anything. The immunogenicity of peptides was assessed by the production of interferon γ in splenocytes using the ELISpot method and by the level of serum cytokines Th1/Th2 using the ELISA method in immunized mice and in animals in the control group.Results. Of the 32 peptides studied, 25 caused an increase in the number of interferon-γ-producing spleen cells in previously immunized mice, but 8 of these peptides caused a non-specific increase in the production of interferon γ by splenocytes in non-immunized animals. It was found that out of 32 peptides, only 11 caused an increase in the level of serum cytokines interferon γ and interleukin 4, which are responsible for the development of the immune response along the Th1 and Th2 pathways. But only 7 peptides affected an increase in the number of interferon-γ-producing splenocytes and an enhance of cytokines interferon γ and interleukin 4 levels.Conclusion. Thus, the immunogenicity of 32 synthetic neoantigen peptides was evaluated, and 7 peptides were shown to activate the cellular immune response.

scholarly journals The effect of chitosan on body weight and protection against <i>Salmonella gallinarum</i> infection in broiler chickens (short communication)

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Balicka-Ramisz ◽  
A. Wojtasz-Pająk ◽  
B. Pilarczyk ◽  
A. Ramisz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract. Chitosan adipate was administered orally to broiler chickens to investigate its effect on body weight and protection against Salmonella gallinarum. The study was conducted on 80 six-day-old broiler chickens from the ROSS line that were divided in four groups (20 birds each): I – control; II – infected with S. gallinarum and treated with chitosan adipate; III – infected with S. gallinarum; IV – chitosan adipate treatment only. Chitosan salt was administered as a feed additive in an amount that guaranteed that the chitosan contained in the salts constituted 3% of the chicken diet. (Phenotypic characteristics of Salmonella gallinarum and Salmonella pullorum isolated from layers). The chickens were infected with a suspension containing 1800x106 bacteria in 2 ml (on the McFarland scale gruppe 3). The chickens pretreated orally with chitosan were highly resistant to S. gallinarum infection. The clinical symptoms and anatomicopathological changes in chickens infected with bacteria and treated with chitosan (group II) were weak in comparison with chickens infected with S. gallinarum only (group III). Weight gain was significantly higher (by about 12.5%) in the control group than in the chickens infected with S. gallinarum (group III). In the birds that were infected and treated (group II), and in those that were given chitosan (group IV), weight gain was about 2–2.5 % lower in comparison with the control group.

scholarly journals Caralluma Acutangula Prevents Body Weight Gain in Rats Feed on Hyperlipidic Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Pare DRAMANE ◽  
Hilou ADAMA ◽  
Adrian POTÂRNICHE ◽  
Mabozou KPEMISSI ◽  
Orsolya SÁRPATAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hyperlipidic Diet

Caralluma acutangula (Decne.) (CA) (Asclepiadaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Burkina Faso for the management of weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extract of CA on body weight, food intake, blood biochemistry parameters on experimental obesity rat model. One group received CA 400 mg/kg b.w. per day and was fed on hyperlipidic diet (HD), while the control group received HD only for three weeks long. The phytochemical investigation of extract showed a high total phenolic content (36.21±1.36 mg GAE/100mg of extract) and total flavonoids (4.98 ±0.31 QE/100 mg of extract). In the end, CA-HD treated group had a body weight loss of 2%, compared to HD group who presented a body weight gain of 15%. The CA-HD treated group showed also a lower levels of plasma triglyceride (136.57±13.82 mg/dL) and glycemia (187.74±31.16 mg/dL) compared to HD (206.02±23.82 and respectively 230.96±79.07 mg/dL) (p<0.05). CA extract also showed a good anti-oxidant activity in vivo (effect on antioxydant enzyme (MDA, GPX, SOD) and in vitro (inhibition of DPPH radical, ferric ion reduction). This study showed that CA is a potential natural remedy for the control of body weight and alleviation of obesity related disease.

Tryptophan-Niacin Metabolism in Rat with Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukari Egashira ◽  
Shin Nagaki ◽  
Hiroo Sanada
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Puromycin Aminonucleoside ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Key Enzyme

We investigated the change of tryptophan-niacin metabolism in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside PAN-induced nephrosis, the mechanisms responsible for their change of urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites, and the role of the kidney in tryptophan-niacin conversion. PAN-treated rats were intraperitoneally injected once with a 1.0% (w/v) solution of PAN at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The collection of 24-hour urine was conducted 8 days after PAN injection. Daily urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites, liver and blood NAD, and key enzyme activities of tryptophan-niacin metabolism were determined. In PAN-treated rats, the sum of urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites was significantly lower compared with controls. The kidneyα-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) activity in the PAN-treated group was significantly decreased by 50%, compared with the control group. Although kidney ACMSD activity was reduced, the conversion of tryptophan to niacin tended to be lower in the PAN-treated rats. A decrease in urinary excretion of niacin and the conversion of tryptophan to niacin in nephrotic rats may contribute to a low level of blood tryptophan. The role of kidney ACMSD activity may be minimal concerning tryptophan-niacin conversion under this experimental condition.

scholarly journals Anti-Obesity and Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) in SD Rats and in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes Models

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Jung-Yun Lee ◽  
Tae Yang Kim ◽  
Hanna Kang ◽  
Jungbae Oh ◽  
Joo Woong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharide ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Adipogenic Gene

Excess body weight is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated metabolic complications, and weight loss has been shown to improve glycemic control and decrease morbidity and mortality in T2D patients. Weight-loss strategies using dietary interventions produce a significant decrease in diabetes-related metabolic disturbance. We have previously reported that the supplementation of low molecular chitosan oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) significantly inhibited blood glucose levels in both animals and humans. However, the effect of GO2KA1 on obesity still remains unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of GO2KA1 on lipid accumulation and adipogenic gene expression using 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro and plasma lipid profiles using a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. Murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were stimulated to differentiate under the adipogenic stimulation in the presence and absence of varying concentrations of GO2KA1. Adipocyte differentiation was confirmed by Oil Red O staining of lipids and the expression of adipogenic gene expression. Compared to control group, the cells treated with GO2KA1 significantly decreased in intracellular lipid accumulation with concomitant decreases in the expression of key transcription factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBP/α). Consistently, the mRNA expression of downstream adipogenic target genes such as fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), fatty acid synthase (FAS), were significantly lower in the GO2KA1-treated group than in the control group. In vivo, male SD rats were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks to induced obesity, followed by oral administration of GO2KA1 at 0.1 g/kg/body weight or vehicle control in HFD. We assessed body weight, food intake, plasma lipids, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) for liver function, and serum level of adiponectin, a marker for obesity-mediated metabolic syndrome. Compared to control group GO2KA1 significantly suppressed body weight gain (185.8 ± 8.8 g vs. 211.6 ± 20.1 g, p < 0.05) with no significant difference in food intake. The serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly lower in the GO2KA1-treated group than in the control group, whereas the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was higher in the GO2KA1 group. The GO2KA1-treated group also showed a significant reduction in ALT and AST levels compared to the control. Moreover, serum adiponectin levels were significantly 1.5-folder higher than the control group. These in vivo and in vitro findings suggest that dietary supplementation of GO2KA1 may prevent diet-induced weight gain and the anti-obesity effect is mediated in part by inhibiting adipogenesis and increasing adiponectin level.

scholarly journals Evaluation of (anti)genotoxic activities of Phyllanthus niruri L. in rat bone marrow using the micronucleus test

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Márlisson de Queiroz ◽  
Kayo Wanderson de Oliveira Matias ◽  
Mylena Mylana Freire da Cunha ◽  
Aline Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes

Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae), known as "quebra-pedra" (Portuguese for "stonebreaker"), is an herb used for kidney disorders. In light of its frequent use by the population, the present study aimed to investigate the genotoxic, antigenotoxic and cytotoxic activities of a standardized P. niruri extract in bone marrow rats. Three groups of 12 animals were treated daily by gavage over a period of 30 days, with 50, 150 or 250 mg/kg of P. niruri extract aqueous solution. The control group (n = 12) received tap water. At the end of treatment (day 31), groups were divided into two minor subgroups (n=6/group) and received cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline 0.9% (i.p.). After 24 hours, we evaluated the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes for each animal (MNPCE) at 1000 PCE. Cytotoxicity was evaluated with the PCE/NCE ratio (NEC = normochromatic erythrocytes). General toxicity was assessed during treatment using the parameters of body weight gain, ration and water consumption. The dry extract did not provoke changes in body weight, weight gain, ration and water intake or changes in the frequency of MNPCE or cytotoxicity in bone marrow. We propose that the P. niruri extract used here showed no genotoxic, antigenotoxic and cytotoxic activities under the experimental conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document