scholarly journals Multi-Physical Design and Resonant Controller Based Trajectory Tracking of the Electromagnetically Driven Fast Tool Servo

Actuators ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Imran Hussain ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
Dongpo Zhao ◽  
Peng Huang ◽  
Zhiwei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Trajectory Tracking ◽  
Voice Coil Motor ◽  
Diamond Turning ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Fast Tool Servo ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Resonant Controller

In this paper, a voice coil motor (VCM) actuated fast tool servo (FTS) system is developed for diamond turning. To guide motions of the VCM actuator, a crossed double parallelogram flexure mechanism is selected featuring totally symmetric structure with high lateral stiffness. To facilitate the determination of the multi-physical parameters, analytical models of both electromagnetic and mechanical systems are developed. The designed FTS with balanced stroke and natural frequency is then verified through the finite element analysis. Finally, the prototype of the VCM actuated FTS is fabricated and experimentally demonstrated to achieve a stroke of ±59.02 μm and a first natural frequency of 253 Hz. By constructing a closed-loop control using proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller with the internal-model based resonant controller, the error for tracking a harmonic trajectory with ±10 μm amplitude and 120 Hz frequency is obtained to be ±0.2 μm, demonstrating the capability of the FTS for high accuracy trajectory tracking.

scholarly journals Multi-Physical Design and Resonant Controller Based Trajectory Tracking of the Electromagnetically Driven Fast Tool Servo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Hussain ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
Dongpo Zhao ◽  
Peng Huang ◽  
Zhiwei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Trajectory Tracking ◽  
Voice Coil Motor ◽  
Diamond Turning ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Fast Tool Servo ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Resonant Controller

In this paper, a voice coil motor (VCM) actuated fast tool servo (FTS) system is developed for diamond turning. To guide motions of the VCM actuator, a crossed double parallelogram flexure mechanism is selected featuring totally symmetric structure with high lateral stiffness. To facilitate the determination of the multi-physical parameters, analytical models of both electromagnetic and mechanical systems are developed. The designed FTS with balanced stroke and natural frequency is then verified through the finite element analysis. Finally, the prototype of the VCM actuated FTS is fabricated and experimentally demonstrated to have a stroke of ±59.02 μm and a first natural frequency of 253 Hz. By constructing a closed-loop control using PID controller with the internal-model based resonant controller, the error for tracking a harmonic trajectory with ±10 μm amplitude and 120 Hz frequency is obtained to be ±0.2 μm, demonstrating the capability of the FTS for high accuracy trajectory tracking.

Design and Control of a Novel Fast Tool Servo Used in Diamond Turning of Freeform Optics

2016 ◽  
Vol 679 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Fu Jing Tian ◽  
Zi Qiang Yin ◽  
Sheng Yi Li
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Model Identification ◽  
Voice Coil Motor ◽  
Diamond Turning ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Fast Tool Servo ◽  
Freeform Optics ◽  
Periodic Signals ◽  
And Control ◽  
Free Form Surfaces

Optical free-form surfaces are becoming more and more popular in the industry application, which can be fabricated by diamond turning based on fast tool servo (FTS). It is an efficient, precise and low-cost processing method. In order to use diamond turning to fabricate the freeform optics, this paper develops a novel long range fast tool servo which is actuated by voice coil motor. The total range can reach up to 30 mm. The important parts of the FTS have been simulated and analyzed. The transfer function model identification of the FTS has been accomplished. Since the desired tool trajectories are approximately periodic signals in freeform surfaces turning, and the adaptive feedforward cancellation (AFC) control can achieve perfect tracking and disturbance rejection of periodic signals, the AFC control is designed to be added on the IMC-PID controller.

Turning of Micro-Structured Surfaces Based on a Fast Tool Servo System

2014 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 308-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Wang ◽  
Zhi Ding ◽  
Yu Zhen Ma
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Actuator ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Servo System ◽  
Diamond Turning ◽  
Fast Tool Servo ◽  
Precision Engineering ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Structured Surfaces ◽  
Grid Surface

A fast tool servo system is developed for the fabrication of micro-structured surface on a diamond turning machine. The fast tool servo (FTS) system in this investigation employs a piezoelectric actuator to actuate the diamond tool and a capacitance probe as the feed back sensor. To compensate the inherent nonlinear hysteresis behavior of the piezoelectric actuator, Proportional Integral (PI) closed loop control with a feed-forward predictor is implemented. The result of closed loop experiment in FTS demonstrates that the tracking error has been reduced to a level of less than 150nm. Actual experiment of fabricating the sinusoidal grid surface was performed on an ultra-precision diamond turning machine designed by Center of Precision Engineering of HIT. The fabrication of a sinusoidal grid surface has indicated the effectiveness of the fabrication system.

scholarly journals Dynamic Analysis and Experiment of 6-DOF Compliant Platform Based on Bridge-Type Amplifier

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1024
Author(s):  
Chao Lin ◽  
Shan Zheng ◽  
Mingdong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Lagrange Equation ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Elastic Beam ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Step Response ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bridge Type

In this paper, we establish a dynamic model of a six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) compliant positioning platform based on bridge-type amplifiers. Based on the elastic beam theory and energy relationship, we derived the bridge-type amplifier’s dynamic model using the Lagrange equation. Then, we established a dynamic model of the compliant platform based on the equivalent mass and equivalent stiffness of the bridge-type amplifier, and the analysis formula of the natural frequency was derived. Finally, the analytical models of natural frequencies of the bridge-type amplifier and the compliant platforms were verified using the finite element analysis (FEA) method. Through modal experiments, the damping ratio and natural frequency were identified. Step response experiments in the X/Y direction and Z direction were performed. The phenomenon that the experimental results appeared to match the theoretical calculations indicates that the dynamic model was accurate.

Design and Control of a Piezo-Based Fast Tool Servo System for Precision Diamond Turning

2007 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.H. Yang ◽  
Shi Jin Chen ◽  
K. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Actuator ◽  
Diamond Turning ◽  
Pi Control ◽  
Fast Tool Servo ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Closed Loop Control System ◽  
Nonlinearity Effect ◽  
Loop Control System

A novel fast tool servo driven by piezoelectric actuator for precision diamond turning is designed in this paper. To overcome the inherent hysteresis and drift nonlinearity effect of the piezoelectric actuator, a closed-loop control system is established using strain gauge integrated in the actuator for position feedback, which has compact structure and can avoid interference in the machining. Furthermore, a fuzzy PI control algorithm is presented. It has not only the advantages of agility and adaptability of fuzzy control, but the characteristics of high accuracy of PI arithmetic. At last, experiments are carried out and the results show that the fuzzy PI control provides significantly better tracking accuracy and robustness against hysteresis and drift effects.

Tri-axial Fast Tool Servo Using Hybrid Electromagnetic-Piezoelectric Actuation for Diamond Turning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Zi-Hui Zhu ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Yuhan Niu ◽  
Xiaonan Pu ◽  
Peng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Turning ◽  
Piezoelectric Actuation ◽  
Fast Tool Servo

scholarly journals Influence of Time Delay on Controlling the Non-Linear Oscillations of a Rotating Blade

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Yasser Salah Hamed ◽  
Ali Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Control Force ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Positive Displacement ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Linear Vibrations

Time delay is an obstacle in the way of actively controlling non-linear vibrations. In this paper, a rotating blade’s non-linear oscillations are reduced via a time-delayed non-linear saturation controller (NSC). This controller is excited by a positive displacement signal measured from the sensors on the blade, and its output is the suitable control force applied onto the actuators on the blade driving it to the desired minimum vibratory level. Based on the saturation phenomenon, the blade vibrations can be saturated at a specific level while the rest of the energy is transferred to the controller. This can be done by adjusting the controller natural frequency to be one half of the blade natural frequency. The whole behavior is governed by a system of first-order differential equations gained by the method of multiple scales. Different responses are included to show the influences of time delay on the closed-loop control process. Also, a good agreement can be noticed between the analytical curves and the numerically simulated ones.

The Finite Element Analysis and Optimization for the Grinder Based on the Joint Surface

2013 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Lei Zhang ◽  
Bin Yao ◽  
Wen Chang Zhao ◽  
Ou Yang Kun ◽  
Bo Shi Yao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Joint Surface ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Static And Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Harmonic Response Analysis ◽  
Grinding Machine

Establish the finite element model for high precision grinding machine which takes joint surface into consideration and then carrys out the static and dynamic analysis of the grinder. After the static analysis, modal analysis and harmonic response analysis, the displacement deformation, stress, natural frequency and vibration mode could be found, which also helps find the weak links out. The improvement scheme which aims to increase the stiffness and precision of the whole machine has proposed to efficiently optimize the grinder. And the first natural frequency of the optimized grinder has increased by 68.19%.

Design of Microfabricated Mechanically Interlocking Metamaterials for Reworkable Heterogeneous Integration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Garcia ◽  
Kody Wakumoto ◽  
Joseph Brown
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Models ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Heterogeneous Integration ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Microelectronic Devices ◽  
Mechanical Metamaterials ◽  
Dry Adhesives ◽  
Cantilever Array ◽  
Mechanical Bonding ◽  
Interconnect Technology

Abstract Next–generation interconnects utilizing mechanically interlocking structures enable permanent and reworkable joints between microelectronic devices. Mechanical metamaterials, specifically dry adhesives, are an active area of research which allows for the joining of objects without traditional fasteners or adhesives, and in the case of chip integration, without solder. This paper focuses on reworkable joints that enable chips to be removed from their substrates to support reusable device prototyping and packaging, creating the possibility for eventual pick-and-place mechanical bonding of chips with no additional bonding steps required. Analytical models are presented and are verified through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) assuming pure elastic behavior. Sliding contact conditions in FEA simplify consideration of several design variations but contribute ~10% uncertainty relative to experiment, analysis, and point-loaded FEA. Two designs are presented; arrays of flat cantilevers have a bond strength of 6.3 kPa, and non-flat cantilevers have a strength of 29 kPa. Interlocking designs present self-aligning in-plane forces that emerge from translational perturbation from perfect alignment. Stresses exceeding the material yield stress during adhesion operations present a greater concern for repeatable operation of compliant interlocking joints and will require further study quantifying and accommodating plastic deformation. Designs joining a rigid array with a complementary compliant cantilever array preserve the condition of reworkability for the surface presenting the rigid array. Eventual realization of interconnect technology based on this study will provide a great improvement of functionality and adaptability in heterogeneous integration and microdevice packaging.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document