scholarly journals Estimation of the Cooling Rate of Six Olive Cultivars Using Thermal Imaging

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Eddy Plasquy ◽  
José M. Garcia ◽  
Maria C. Florido ◽  
Rafael R. Sola-Guirado
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Heat Requirements ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research

Bringing the olive harvest period forward leads to storing fruit in field temperatures that risk jeopardizing its quality. Knowledge about the bio-thermal characteristics of olives is crucial when considering their cooling, although published research on the subject is limited. In this work, the cooling rate of the fruit of six olive cultivars has been empirically determined by measuring the evolution of their low temperature under controlled conditions by thermal imaging. Based on these data, the cooling time needed to cool the fruit to 22 °C was estimated, considering the biometric characteristics of the individual fruit, a field temperature from 26 to 42 °C, and a room cooling temperature from −8 to −20 °C. The results showed differences among the cultivars and the need to further investigate the specific heat requirements for small varieties and the impact of the conduction factor on the heavier ones. The simulation suggests that between 2 min (for the light Arbequina and Koroneiki cultivars) and 5 min (for the heavier Verdial and Gordal cultivars) suffice to cool the fruit to the desired temperature with a room temperature of −16 °C. These results show the feasibility of developing technological solutions for cooling olives before their industrial processing with industrial applications such as cooling tunnels on individual fruit.

Impact of Fidelity in 3D Space Visualisation Across the Construction Asset Lifecycle

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Noha Saleeb
Keyword(s):  
Human Perception ◽  
Virtual Spaces ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Effective Decision Making ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Physical Spaces ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research

3D virtual building models are used to help clients reach decisions during concept and detailed design phases. However, previously published research provides evidence for discrepancies between human perception of virtual and physical spaces; thus perceiving each virtual dimension (height, width, depth) differently from its physical counterpart, with varying percentages. This can affect clients' effective decision-making during coordination if 3D virtual representations are not perceived identical to their physical equivalent. This paper discusses the impact of these discrepancies beyond the design phases and into the whole lifecycle, construction and operations. Moreover, descriptive and inferential statistical analysis provides evidence of relationships between the physical and virtual perception differences in dimension, discussing possible factors contributing to perception discrepancies affecting the individual viewer, in 2 main areas 1) 3D authoring software 2) psychophysical factors. Possible solutions are also proposed to accommodate for the discrepancy between physical and virtual spaces.

scholarly journals Industrial processing technologies for insect larvae

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
D. Sindermann ◽  
J. Heidhues ◽  
S. Kirchner ◽  
N. Stadermann ◽  
A. Kühl
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
Wet Processing ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
The Individual

For an economic production of safe and standardised products from commercially reared insects larvae for food and feed, industrial processing technologies for insects processing are needed. Protein meals for feed and food produced from insect larvae typically vary in fat content. Main factors influencing the fat content are the individual species, the substrate feed during rearing and the time of harvest. However, feed and food industry are looking for standardised products which can be adjusted to the customers’ specifications. Separation technologies to recover insect fat and thereby reduce the residual fat content in the dry meal have been adopted from familiar applications and have been further developed for insect larvae de-fatting. Two major process technologies that are used for industrial applications are discussed in this technical report: dry and wet processing. In comparison, both technologies have their individual advantages depending on the individual application and properties aimed for. Since these processes for lipid separation are joint processes not only low-fat meal is recovered but also lipids recovered can add value as an additional product. In addition, chitin can be separated to increase the protein content in the larvae meal and add value as biomaterial for further processing, e.g. production of chitosan. Moreover, automation and cleaning of complete process lines are important considerations. Especially for future food applications.

GIS and Decision-Making in Business

2011 ◽  
pp. 20-35
Author(s):  
Esperanza Huerta ◽  
Celene Navarrete ◽  
Terry Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Decision Strategy ◽  
Decision Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research

This chapter synthesizes empirical research from multiple disciplines about the use of GIS for decision-making in business settings. Todd & Benbasat’s model (2000) was used as a theoretical framework to identify the variables that have been studied on decision-making at the individual and collaborative level. An extensive literature review in the fields of Information Science, GIS and Decision Science from 1990 to 2002 was conducted with a total of nine studies identified in six journals and two conferences. The scarcity of published research suggests that the impact of GIS on the decision-making process has not been extensively investigated. Moreover, researchers have paid more attention to the study of GIS to support individual decision makers. The effects of variables like desired effort and decision strategy remain unexplored. More empirical work is needed to understand the impact of DSS capabilities, decision maker, task, and decision strategy on decision performance.

scholarly journals Starch Polysaccharides in the Human Diet: Effect of the Different Source and Processing on its Absorption

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Perin ◽  
Erminio Murano
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Starch Composition ◽  
The Impact

Starch is the main source of carbohydrates in human diet. It is widely used in food processing and non-food industrial applications. The effects on starch digestion and absorption in humans are reviewed in relation to the starch composition, sources, plant genetic variation, food processing and cooking. The impact of food industrial processing and starch modification on the digestibility of starch containing foods and on gut microbiota are discussed. Considering that the resistant starch (RS) fraction escaped from the small intestine is fermented in large intestine, all the variables that influence starch digestibility and absorption must be taken into account when discussing about healthy properties of fibers. Future trends in food industries are aimed to increase the RS fraction in processed foods in order to improve nutritional quality as well as to clarify the influence of RS3 and RS4 on gut microbiota.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Aromatization of Production Environment on Workers: A Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5600
Author(s):  
Karol Čarnogurský ◽  
Anna Diačiková ◽  
Peter Madzík
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Information Database ◽  
Selection Of

Literature on aromatization in production environments is very limited. The literature rather describes the impact of aromachology on employees in administrative premises, but published research results on the influence of aromachology in production premises are not available. There are no scientifically based studies and research that analyze and provide at least partial evidence of the impact of fragrances on the productivity and economic performance of companies. For the study of the literature of the area of our scientific interest, we chose the globally most frequently used scientific information database Scopus. In deciding on the selection of keyword combinations and in the search, we relied primarily on our previous experience and the area of research, which is the aromatization of spaces in industrial production, and its impact on the performance of employees, respectively. We also consider the industrial applications of aromachology, and how an indoor environment is important for people’s health and comfort.

NEW INSIGHTS INTO RUBBER NETWORK STRUCTURE BY A COMBINATION OF EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Basterra-Beroiz ◽  
Robert Rommel ◽  
Francois Kayser ◽  
Stephan Westermann ◽  
Juan López Valentín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Uniaxial Stress ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Rubber Elasticity ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Multiple Quantum ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Robust quantitative cross-link density characterization becomes necessary for the complete understanding of the structure and optimization of final properties of rubber compounds for industrial applications. A combination of different experimental techniques have been used to establish the quantitative consistency on the correlations between the results obtained by the individual methods within a reliable unique (physically based) platform reclined on the concept of rubber elasticity that considers the impact of entanglements in technical rubbers. The contribution of cross-links and elastically active entanglements to mechanical properties has been quantified by the analysis of uniaxial stress–strain measurements by means of the extended tube model of rubber elasticity. In a complementary manner, rubber network structure has also been investigated by state-of-the-art multiple-quantum low-field NMR experiments and classical T1 and T2 relaxation measurements. In addition, equilibrium swelling data were analyzed by the classical phantom and Flory–Rehner limits as well as by applying the theoretical approach proposed by Helmis, Heinrich, and Straube that takes into account topological constraints during swelling. Correlations among these complementary techniques have been reported, and the interpretation of the obtained differences is addressed. The baseline study focuses on unfilled NR, setting the basis for the investigation of unfilled SBR matrices and filled rubbers.

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

The Role of Threat and Economic Uncertainty in Support for Scottish Independence

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kopasker
Keyword(s):  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Economic Expectations ◽  
Scottish Independence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Levels Of Support

Existing research has consistently shown that perceptions of the potential economic consequences of Scottish independence are vital to levels of support for constitutional change. This paper attempts to investigate the mechanism by which expectations of the economic consequences of independence are formed. A hypothesised causal micro-level mechanism is tested that relates constitutional preferences to the existing skill investments of the individual. Evidence is presented that larger skill investments are associated with a greater likelihood of perceiving economic threats from independence. Additionally, greater perceived threat results in lower support for independence. The impact of uncertainty on both positive and negative economic expectations is also examined. While uncertainty has little effect on negative expectations, it significantly reduces the likelihood of those with positive expectations supporting independence. Overall, it appears that a general economy-wide threat is most significant, and it is conjectured that this stems a lack of information on macroeconomic governance credentials.

The Impact of the Industrial Processing of Oil on the Rainfall Water Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Oana Roxana Chivu ◽  
Augustin Semenescu ◽  
Claudiu Babis ◽  
Catalin Amza ◽  
Gabriel Iacobescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
High Toxicity ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

Rainfall is a major component of the environment and the main source of the air purification becouse of many pollutants increases who have the most varied sources: various human activities including industry and agriculture, and some household duties. Air purification by means of precipitation is achieved by numerous highly complex mechanisms. The final products of degradation of the pollutant in the air, which are generally harmless, can be reacted with each other in the presence of water, giving rise to the final compounds with a high toxicity. Thus, exhaust, mobile sources of noxious almost identical to those specific activities in the industrial processing of oil, contain lead which is the ideal catalyst for converting SO2 to sulfuric acid in the presence of rainwater, with all the disadvantages that they create. This paper will present an experimental research oabout how rainfall water quality is influenced by the activity of the industrial processing of oil, in a chemical plant in Constanta County.

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