scholarly journals IoFarm in Field Test: Does a Cost-Optimal Choice of Fertilization Influence Yield, Protein Content and Market Performance in Crop Production?

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Michael Friedrich Tröster ◽  
Johannes Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Decision-support system (DSS) IoFarm was developed to identify economically optimal fertilizer strategies on the farm level. The average cost savings are 66 EUR ha−1. This study aimed to determine whether this approach impacts yield, protein content, and market performance in crop production compared to usual farm-fertilization strategies. Few DSSs for fertilizer optimization consider multiple nutrients. DSSs with a clear focus on both fertilizer intensity and the least-cost combination of fertilizers are even rarer. To the best of our knowledge, there is no information in the literature on the impact of such DSSs on yield, protein content, and market performance for cereal–maize crop rotation. This study determines for the first time whether the financial benefits of using such an optimization tool are in conflict with important agronomic goals. In a three-year field trial, IoFarm was compared to standard farm-fertilization strategies. Results were evaluated with an analysis of variance followed by post hoc tests. No significant differences in yield, protein content, and market performance were found for comparable fertilization variants (with or without organic fertilization). However, differences exist in the selection of fertilizers and the timing of fertilization. Results show the agronomic comparability of IoFarm and usual farm-fertilizer strategies.

scholarly journals Effect of Climate Change on Maize Productivity: Panel Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Parthasarathi Gurusamy ◽  
Balasubramanian Rudrasamy
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
North East ◽  
The Impact

Aim: The maize is widely grown all parts of the world and it is consumed by all people. This paper studies the impact of climate variability on yield of maize crop in Tamil Nadu using Panel regression analysis.      Study Design: Rainfall (max and min), Temperature (max and min) and yield details were collected from the Indian Meteorological Department and crop production reports respectively used for analysis.  Place and Duration: Tamil Nadu, India. Methodology: Panel data model was used to estimate crop production functions. Results and Conclusion: The study focused on the impact of climate variability on yield of maize crop in Tamil Nadu using Panel regression analysis. The high rainfall leads to The effect of NEM rainfall on maize yield is dependent on the level of NEM temperature and vice-versa. This is probably because of the fact that in most of the districts in Tamil Nadu, maize is grown as a rainfed crop in north-east monsoon season with lower temperature and hence increase in temperature together with good amount of rainfall would lead to higher yield of maize.

The Effect of Auditing Standard No. 5 on Audit Fees

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagan Krishnan ◽  
Jayanthi Krishnan ◽  
Hakjoon Song
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Audit Efficiency ◽  
Material Weaknesses ◽  
Audit Fee ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
General Reduction

SUMMARY In June 2007, the PCAOB issued Auditing Standard No. 5 (AS5), superseding Auditing Standard No. 2 (AS2). AS5 significantly changed the rules relating to audits of internal control over financial reporting (ICFR). Policymakers expected AS5 to lead to improvements in audit efficiency and thus a general reduction in audit costs, and specifically a reduction in fees for smaller and less complex companies that were disproportionately affected by AS2. We investigate the impact of the change from AS2 to AS5 on audit fees. We restrict our analysis to stable client-auditor combinations to ensure that auditors had prior AS2 experience with the client before the transition to AS5. We find that, after controlling for other factors, audit fees were lower in the first two years of implementation of AS5 relative to the last year of AS2. The decrease in fees was the highest for companies that had remediated material weaknesses in their internal control and thus moved from an adverse opinion under AS2 to a clean opinion under AS5. Further, firms that received first-time adverse opinions on their internal control in the AS5 period paid lower fee premiums (relative to firms with clean opinions) than did firms with adverse reports in the last AS2 year. Finally, in contrast to policymakers' expectations that AS5 would generate cost savings by allowing the ICFR audits to be “scaled” for small and less complex firms, there is no evidence that the smallest firms benefited. Specifically, audit fee savings were found only for relatively more complex firms (measured by multiple segments and international operations).

scholarly journals Business as usual? Psychological support at a distance

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 672-686
Author(s):  
Lara Payne ◽  
Halina Flannery ◽  
Chandrika Kambakara Gedara ◽  
Xeni Daniilidi ◽  
Megan Hitchcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

The impact of COVID-19 has challenged the long accepted ‘norm’ in delivery of psychological therapy. Public policies designed to reduce transmission have made it extremely difficult to meet with service-users safely in the traditional face-to-face context. E-therapies have existed in theory and practice since technological progress has made them possible. They can offer a host of advantages over face-to-face equivalents, including improved access, greater flexibility for service-users and professionals, and cost savings. However, despite the emerging evidence and anticipated positive value, implementation has been slower than anticipated. Concerns have been raised by service-users, clinicians, and public health organisations, identifying significant barriers to the wide spread use of e-therapies. In the current climate, many clinicians are offering e-therapies for the first time, without prior arrangement or training, as the only viable option to continue to support their clients. This paper offers a clinically relevant review of the e-therapies literature, including effectiveness and acceptability dilemmas and challenges that need to be addressed to support the safe use and growth of e-therapies in psychology services. Further research is needed to better understand what might be lost and what gained in comparison to face-to-face therapy, and for which client groups and settings it might be most effective.

scholarly journals Sooner Than Later If Not Right After Stroke

2019 ◽  
pp. 927-950
Author(s):  
Amy K. Dadisman ◽  
Noah D. Andrews ◽  
Reena Mehra ◽  
Irene L. Katzan
Keyword(s):  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Autoregulation ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Central Sleep Apnea ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High

The case involves a patient with interrelated sleep symptoms related to central hypersomnia, restless legs syndrome, and sleep disordered breathing (SDB) occurring after stroke. The prevalence of SDB after stroke has been noted to be very high, up to 70%, and consists of a higher contribution of central sleep apnea compared to the general population. Recurrent stroke is associated with a higher prevalence of SDB compared to first-time stroke. Contributions to SDB as related to stroke do not appear to have consistencies in terms of location and size of stroke. Untreated SDB can also contribute to stroke risk, with mechanisms involving increased systemic inflammation, prothrombotic biochemical markers, and dysfunction of cerebral autoregulation. Although there are post-hoc subgroup data in a randomized controlled trial suggesting reduction in stroke outcomes when SDB is treated with positive airway pressure, overall there are few studies that have rigorously examined the impact of treatment. Hypersomnia can be treated with modafinil and restless legs syndrome may become manifest due to sleep fragmentation.

scholarly journals The power of seaweeds as plant biostimulants to boost crop production under abiotic stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Deolu-Ajayi ◽  
Ingrid van der Meer ◽  
Adrie Van der Werf ◽  
Rumyana Karlova
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Seaweed Extracts ◽  
Molecular Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact

In order to meet increasing food demands in the future, we will need to improve the current crop productivity. Abiotic stresses like drought and salinity are major factors resulting in crop yield losses and soil degradation worldwide. Recent studies suggest that seaweed-based biostimulants could be a solution for this problem. Here we summarise the current findings of using these biostimulants and highlight current knowledge gaps. Seaweed extracts were shown to enhance nutrient uptake and improve growth performance in crops under stressed and normal conditions. Seaweed extracts contain phytohormones, polysaccharides, polyphenols, lipids, amino acids and proteins. Although it has been shown that some of these compounds are active and have growth-promoting properties on plants, their underlying molecular mechanism of action and optimal applications especially in crops exposed to abiotic stress remains understudied. Seaweed extracts were shown to also improve protein content of crops and contribute to a healthy soil by facilitating water retention, soil aeration and nutrient availability, thereby promoting plant growth. In this paper we review the role of these extracts and their bioactive compounds as plant biostimulants. The targeted application to improve crop performance and the impact of seaweed extracts for enhancing the protein content of crops are discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of genotype and bradyrhizobium inoculation on morphological traits, grain yield and protein content of soybean varieties

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 911-925
Author(s):  
Vladimir Miladinovic ◽  
Stefan Kolasinac ◽  
Ilinka Pecinar ◽  
Biljana Kiprovski ◽  
Dragosav Mutavdzic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
The Impact

Soybean crop production in Serbia involves seed inoculation by N-fixing bacteria just before sowing time. The main objective of the current work was to assess the impact of the genotype and inoculation on range of morphological and yield traits of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill), as well as the total protein content. The experiment was conducted on chernozem soil, where soybean was previously grown. The six local varieties were used, where each variety was sown, in three replicates for both inoculated and non-inoculated treatment. The following morphological traits were analysed: the plant height, number of lateral branches, distance to the first pod, number of pods per plant, pods (containing seeds) weight per plant, seed weight per plant, and the total grain yield. The total protein content in seeds was determined by standard analytical method, while subtle differences in qualitative protein composition were assessed using Raman spectroscopy. The total protein content varied from 39.6 to 42.15 %. Performance of inoculation resulted in an increase of the plant height and the distance to the first pod, although not in all tested varieties. The highest and the lowest plant height values were observed for non-inoculated variety Dana (59.23cm) and Sava (80.03cm), respectively. The effect of genotype was much more expressed causing differences in almost all tested characters, except for the total protein content. However, Raman spectroscopy analyses revealed distinct discrimination among surveyed varieties, and differences between inoculated and non-inoculated plants in qualitative composition of seed proteins.

Response-Specific Scalp Distributions in Deception Detection and ERP Correlates of Psychopathic Personality Traits

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoinette R. Miller ◽  
J. Peter Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Deception Detection ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
P300 Component ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
First Time

Abstract University students were screened using items from the Psychopathic Personality Inventory and divided into high (n = 13) and low (n = 11) Psychopathic Personality Trait (PPT) groups. The P300 component of the event-related potential (ERP) was recorded as each group completed a two-block autobiographical oddball task, responding honestly during the first (Phone) block, in which oddball items were participants' home phone numbers, and then feigning amnesia in response to approximately 50% of items in the second (Birthday) block in which oddball items were participants' birthdates. Bootstrapping of peak-to-peak amplitudes correctly identified 100% of low PPT and 92% of high PPT participants as having intact recognition. Both groups demonstrated malingering-related P300 amplitude reduction. For the first time, P300 amplitude and topography differences were observed between honest and deceptive responses to Birthday items. No main between-group P300 effects resulted. Post-hoc analysis revealed between-group differences in a frontally located post-P300 component. Honest responses were associated with late frontal amplitudes larger than deceptive responses at frontal sites in the low PPT group only.

The Impact of E-Procurement Systems in the Biomedical Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
A. Seetharaman ◽  
Nitin Patwa ◽  
Simon Lai Koek Wai ◽  
Ahammed Shamir
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Business Analytics ◽  
Process Automation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Compliance Cost ◽  
Biomedical Industry ◽  
The Impact

The evolution of the Internet has revolutionised the sourcing and procurement processes in organisations in every industry. The focus of this paper is to analyse the perception of business users on the factors which impact the usage of eprocurement systems in the biomedical industry. There are four factors identified in this research: i.e. control and compliance, cost savings, process automation, and improvements and transparency. The benefit of achieving process automation is the first biggest factor, followed by the need for control and compliance, and transparency, being the second and third factors respectively. The fourth factor, cost savings, is ignored because the users perceived that cost savings will not be realised in the short term, and the returns from the investment could be a couple of years after the eprocurement system has been fully operational. The research also concludes that the ability to perform business analytics and to strengthen the supply chain are the most important factors in measuring the success in the adoption of e-procurement systems

Relationship between big five personality model and abusive supervision

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Tahira ◽  
Naveed Saif ◽  
Muhammad Haroon ◽  
Sadaqat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Supervisor Behavior ◽  
Moderating Role

The current study tries to understand the diverse nature of relationship between personality Big Five Model (PBFM) and student's perception of abusive supervision in higher education institutions of Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa Pakistan. Data was collected in dyads i.e. (supervisors were asked to rate their personality attributes while student were asked to rate the supervisor behavior) through adopted construct. For this purpose, data was collected from three government state universities and one Private Sector University. The focus was on MS/M.Phill and PhD student and their supervisors of the mentioned universities. After measuring normality and validity regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of supervisor personality characteristics that leads to abusive supervision. Findings indicate interestingly that except agreeableness other four attributes of (PBFM) are play their role for abusive supervision. The results are novel in the nature as for the first time Neuroticism, openness to experience, extraversion and conscientiousness are held responsible for the abusive supervision. The study did not explore the demographic characteristics, and moderating role of organizational culture, justice and interpersonal deviances to understand the strength of relationship in more detail way. Keywords: Personality big five model, abusive supervision, HEIs

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