scholarly journals Relationship between Maize Seed Productivity in Mexico between 1983 and 2018 with the Adoption of Genetically Modified Maize and the Resilience of Local Races

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
Alberto Santillán-Fernández ◽  
Yolanda Salinas-Moreno ◽  
José René Valdez-Lazalde ◽  
Mauricio Antonio Carmona-Arellano ◽  
Javier Enrique Vera-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Transgenic Maize ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Subsistence Farmers ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Increase Productivity

Mexico depends on maize imports to satisfy its national demand. The use of native maize varieties among subsistence farmers can help to reduce the cereal’s imports. However, the agricultural policy in Mexico to improve the productivity per hectare has centered on the use of improved varieties; among them, the transgenic variety. In this study, the maize productivity in Mexico from 1983 to 2018 was analyzed to determine the influence of agricultural policies in the sector, and the factors that condition the adoption of transgenic maize. It was found that the agricultural policy improved the productivity of those regions with irrigation; however, for rainfed regions, the expected technological changes were not achieved because the ancestral tradition in cultivation, associated with the greater variety of native maize and to a larger indigenous population, was stronger. The adoption of transgenic maize also had low significance in the rainfed regions, since the increase in field yields is not economically profitable with regards to the increase in production costs. Therefore, the agricultural policy to increase productivity ought to be directed at the protection of subsistence farmers, revaluing the use of native varieties that have shown higher resilience to technological and environmental changes.

scholarly journals Modeling the adoption and use intensity of improved maize seeds in Benin, West-Africa: Double-hurdle approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 17931-17951
Author(s):  
FE Mahoussi ◽  
◽  
PY Adegbola ◽  
AKN Aoudji ◽  
Kouton-Bognon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maize Yield ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Double Hurdle

Improved maize seeds are one of the main factors that can contribute to improving maize productivity. This paper was carried out with the aim of identifying the determinants of adoption and improved maize seeds’ intensity use on households in all areas favourable to maize production in Benin using pooled data on 490 producers. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, percentage, frequency distribution, t and chi-square tests were used to summarize the characteristics of the sampled producers. Cragg's Double Hurdle model was also used to categorize producers who adopted or who did not adopt improved maize seed and those who intensified the use of improved maize seed. The results showed that literacy, easy access to improved seed, specific training received on the use of improved varieties and gender, affected the adoption of improved maize seed while easy access to improved seed, maize yield, relationship with extension services, total household size, age squared, number of experience years in maize production, and distance from the producer to where the seed was purchased had a significant influence on the decision to intensify the use of improved maize seed. The fact that the variable easy access to improved seeds affected not only the adoption of improved seeds but also the intensification of their use, confirmed that access to improved seeds was an indisputable success factor for the intensification of improved seed use. Giving producers the capacity to obtain improved maize seed that was financially and geographically improved was a very important aspect to be considered by policy makers in the definition of agricultural policies. Predisposing factors for access(perception of varieties, attitudes towards the choice of new varieties, knowledge and management of these varieties)and capacity factors for access(income, availability of seeds in the environment, and seed prices)must be considered. The establishment of a wide seed distribution network through government and non-governmental organizations or private actors could, therefore, be important to reduce transaction costs and improve access to improved maize seed, and then increase the rate of adoption and continued use of improved seed.

Increasing maize seed weight by enhancing the cytoplasmic ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in transgenic maize plants

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangying Wang ◽  
Xiaoping Chen ◽  
Jianhua Wang ◽  
Tingsong Liu ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Transgenic Maize ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Adp Glucose Pyrophosphorylase

scholarly journals UJI KETAHANAN TERHADAP ALUMINIUM DAN pH RENDAH PADA JAGUNG (Zea mays L) VARIETAS PIONEER DAN SRIKANDI SECARA IN VITRO

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-299
Author(s):  
Sri Romaito Dalimunthe ◽  
Abdullah Bin Arif ◽  
Irpan Badrul Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soil ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Relative Root Length ◽  
Relative Root

One effort to increase maize productivity is by using marginal land for maize plantation. The marginal land that can be used is acid soil, but the problem are Al toxicity and low pH. To cope with these problems, cultivars having tolerance to Al toxicity and low pH are needed. Plant material used in this research were two maize varieties (Pioneer and Srikandi). Media selection is used there are 4 doses treatment aluminium (0, 250, 500 and 750 ppm AlCl3). All variables were observed except at the variable width of the leaf in this results showed that the treatment of aluminium (AlCl3) would not influence. Treatment combination Variety Srikandi and 250 ppm AlCl3 produces plant height, leaf length and leaf width is the shortest compared to other treatments. Variety Pioneer and Srikandi are suspected of varieties resistant aluminum and low pH values based on relative root length.

Adoption impact of maize seed technology on farm profitability: evidence from Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amos Mensah ◽  
Maxwell Asiamah ◽  
Camillus Abawiera Wongnaa ◽  
Faizal Adams ◽  
Seth Etuah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maize Seed ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Farm Profitability ◽  
Female Farmers ◽  
On Farm

PurposeThe paper aims to examine impact of adopted maize seed technology on farm profitability. It assesses both the revenue and cost implication of the adopted technology on farmers' welfare. The study aims to expand the domain of farm investment assessment analysis by including a broader range of production outcome indicators than is normally found in the adoption impact on farm profitability literature.Design/methodology/approachThe paper opted for an empirical study using field survey data. A structured questionnaire was used to interview 400 maize farmers across four regions of Ghana. The survey was complemented with focus group discussions in each region with participants representing male and female farmers cultivating maize on a commercial basis. The data captured detail household level (i.e. demographic and socioeconomic characteristics) as well as farm-level information on maize production (i.e. input use and farm output).FindingsThe paper provides empirical insights about maize farmers' perception on the adopted maize seed technology and the factors influencing adoption. It also shed light on the fact that maize farmers do not base their adoption decisions solely on farm output and revenue indicators alone, but mainly on the return on their investment and the cost associated with the maize seed technology adopted.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of data limitation, the influence of some important actors (market power) could not be directly captured in the analysis; this may lead to over simplification of a very complex situation in the maize sector. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to future investigate the influence of such important phenomenon on farm profitability.Social implicationsImproving maize productivity and farm profitability across the sectors is important in order to improve farmer income. This study, therefore, highlights the effect of adopted seed technology and its impact on farm profitability.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils an identified need to study how investment cost in maize seed technology affect farm profitability.

scholarly journals Stability of risk attitude, agricultural policies and production shocks: evidence from Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Bozzola ◽  
Robert Finger
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This article investigates the stability of farmers’ risk attitude over time. To this end, we estimate responses to changes in agricultural policies and production shocks. We use a unique panel data of over 36,000 Italian farms specialised in cereals, during the period 1989–2009. We find evidence of risk preference changes over time in response to changes in the European Union Common Agricultural Policy and possibly after a drought-induced production shock.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN USAHA BENIH JAGUNG TAHAN KERING

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
S.M. Sarwadana ◽  
B.R.T. Putri ◽  
K.K. Dinata
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Seed Corn ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Made In

Activities of science and technology for innovation and creativity campus aims are: (1) thecommercialization of science and technology campus creativity as a source of financing for the developmentof institutions; (2) stimulate the entrepreneurial spirit among beings campus, and (3) help people get seeds ofdrought-tolerant maize varieties. Methods of execution include the business aspects of the planned businessactivities consist of: provision of raw materials, production processes, management, marketing, humanresources, facilities, and financial. The raw material is obtained from units of science and technology fornovation and creativity campus and through partnerships with farmers' seed corn. The production processstarted from seed, sorting, and packaging. Marketing is done directly, partnerships with local governmentsand konsiniasi with kiosk / farm shop. Results show that the activities of science and technology unit forinnovation and creativity campus drought-tolerant maize seed has gone well characterized by supportinfrastructure adequate maize seed production; IbIKK unit operates under the management of PSAgroecotechnology Faculty of Agriculture, University of Udayana; Of investment made in 2014 amountingto Rp. 39,550,000; Result of sales corn seeds turnover in 2014 amounted to 400 kg (Rp. 12 million); and netcash flow amounted to 17,672,400.

scholarly journals Agricultural Policy Review for Coffee Promotion in Nepal

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 138-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kul Prasad Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
The Real ◽  
Policy Review ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Coffee Cultivation

Coffee is one of the important cash generative crops in the mid hills of Nepal. Coffee, being an important high value crops, is mostly grown in marginal areas with minimum use of improved technologies. In line with the focus of agricultural policies, the concerned organizations have not taken adequate initiatives for the promotion of coffee cultivation. In Nepal majority of coffee is wet processed, which is considered best method for good quality coffee. However, there is lack of updated manpower and improved technologies to work in this regard. As a result of which, quality of Nepalese coffee is below international standard. Around 65 percent of Nepalese coffee is exported and the rest amount is processed and supplied in the domestic market. Majority of coffee is exported through personal contact of traders rather than institutionalized marketing channel. Therefore, there is gap between what policies have stated and what actually implemented in the real fields for the promotion of coffee .Key words: Agricultural policies; Production; Processing and marketing of coffeeThe Journal of AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTVol. 11, 2010Page: 138-147Uploaded date: 16 September, 2010

scholarly journals Overexpression of an Acidic Endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase in Transgenic Maize Seed for Direct Utilization in Animal Feed

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e81993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhong Zhang ◽  
Xiaolu Xu ◽  
Xiaojin Zhou ◽  
Rumei Chen ◽  
Peilong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Transgenic Maize ◽  
Maize Seed

Agriculture, the EC and the WTO: A Legal Critical Analysis of the Concepts of Sustainability and Multifunctionality

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cardwell
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
Environmental Agreements ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Multilateral Environmental Agreements ◽  
The Common ◽  
Brundtland Commission ◽  
Rural Policy ◽  
The Eu

The agricultural policies of the Member States of the EC have for many years now been controlled from Brussels under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). In recent years the CAP has, together with other policies of the EC, been refocused from crop production support to a European rural policy, with the term ‘sustainability’ being written into many policy documents. This term has achieved international recognition and the definition used by the Brundtland Commission has been widely accepted, as evidenced by its use in OECD documentation. While the term ‘sustainability’ has been written into World Trade Organisation (WTO) texts, the robustness of the term is questionable. The question then arises as to the legal interaction of WTO texts and multilateral environmental agreements, which do have ‘sustainability’ as their core philosophy. A new term has entered the regional and global debate in the policy area of agriculture, that of ‘multifunctionality’. The EC is increasingly defining agriculture as being multifunctional. This term has yet to be clearly defined at EC level, although the OECD has done some work in this area. How the millennium round of WTO negotiations reacts to the term ‘multifunctionality’ will have an important impact on the EC's CAP. This paper examines the issues of sustainability and multifunctionality, with particular reference to the agricultural policies of the EU and WTO, and their interaction.

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