scholarly journals Biochar Improves the Properties of Poultry Manure Compost as Growing Media for Rosemary Production

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Fornes ◽  
Luisa Liu-Xu ◽  
Antonio Lidón ◽  
María Sánchez-García ◽  
María Luz Cayuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Manure Compost ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
The Stability

Compost represents a sustainable alternative for peat (P) replacement in soilless plant cultivation, but its use can be limited by several inadequate physical and physicochemical properties. Biochar can alleviate some of the limitations of compost for its use as growth media by improving the physical properties, decreasing salinity and making the phytotoxic compounds unavailable for plants. We studied the physical and physicochemical properties of holm oak biochar (B), poultry manure compost (PMC), poultry manure composted with biochar (PMBC), a commercial peat (P) and multiple combinations of these materials as growth media, and their effect on the rooting and growth of rosemary. PMBC and PMC showed similar physical and physicochemical properties as growing media, and they both were phytotoxic when used in a rate above 50% (by volume) in the growing medium. However, when used at proportion of 25%, PMBC was less phytotoxic than PMC and enhanced the percentage of rosemary cutting rooting. The incorporation of B in the growing medium instead of P (either at 50% or 75% in volume) increased the stability of the growing media and the percentage of rooted cuttings, but it did not affect plant growth significantly. Our results demonstrate the potential of substituting peat by a combination of poultry manure compost and biochar for the formulation of growth media.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF BLOCK COMPOST SAGO WASTE ORGANIC PLANTS ( POLYBAG ) ON COMPOSITION VARIATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Mohamad Yasin ◽  
Erma Prihastanti ◽  
Endah Dwi Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Sago Waste

Abstract The use of polybags is not environmentally friendly because the polybags will be thrown away and become trash so the environment will be polluted. One way to reduce environmental pollution is to use compost blocks made from sago waste. Sago waste has nutrients that can be used as plant growth media. One of the developments of growing media from compost is to form it in the form of compact compost blocks. Block compost functions in plant nurseries, stimulating root and leaf growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the type of block compost sago waste as a growing medium on variations in composition. At the time of planting, seedlings can be directly planted with holes in compost blocks. Seedlings planted in block compost have better growth in the field than seedlings planted in polybags, so that block compost can be considered as an environmentally friendly alternative to polybags. Keywords: Sago Waste; Growing Media; Block Compost.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MEDIA TUMBUH DAN LAMA PERENDAMAN TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN SORGUM VARIETAS NUMBU

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Marsel Efraim Bajang ◽  
A. Rumambi ◽  
W. B. Kaunang ◽  
D. Rustandi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Burned Soil ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sorghum Plant

THE EFFECT OF GROWING MEDIUM AND SOAKING TIME ON GERMINATION OF SORGHUM VAR. NUMBU. The present study was conducted to elaboratethe effect of the growing medium andsoaking times on germination of sorghum varieties numbu. This research has been done to learn and obtain data on the effect of the plant growth media and the soaking times of the sorghum plant sprouts. The experiment consisted of a 3x4x3 factorial design with 3 levels of growing medium (100% original soil; 50% original soil + 50% burned soil; and 100% burned out soil) and 4 levels of soaking times (0,2,4, and 6 hours). After a significant F test (where necesarry) was employed to inspect differences among group means. Statistical difference was accepted at P < 0,05. Variables measured were: germination rates, germination, and leaf counts. Research results showed that growing medium gave a significant difference (P<0,01) on germination phase and germination rates. The interaction of growing medium andsoaking times gave a significant difference on leaf counts.It can be concluded that the growing medium gave a positive response on germination phase andgermination rates; while leaf counts of Sorghum var. Numbu interacted well with growing medium of 100% original soil and all level of soaking times. Keywords: growing medium, soaking times, sorghum var. Numbu, germination.

scholarly journals The Potential for Lunar and Martian Regolith Simulants to Sustain Plant Growth: A Multidisciplinary Overview

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Giuseppe Duri ◽  
Antonio Giandonato Caporale ◽  
Youssef Rouphael ◽  
Simona Vingiani ◽  
Mario Palladino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Martian Regolith

Bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS) are conceived of and developed so as to provide food sources for crewed missions to the Moon or Mars. The in situ resource utilization (ISRU) approach aims to reduce terrestrial input into a BLSS by using native regoliths and recycled organic waste as primary resources. The combination of BLSS and ISRU may allow sustainable food production on Moon and Mars. This task poses several challenges, including the effects of partial gravity, the limited availability of oxygen and water, and the self-sustaining management of resources. Lunar and Martian regoliths are not available on Earth; therefore, space research studies are conducted on regolith simulants that replicate the physicochemical properties of extra-terrestrial regoliths (as assessed in situ by previous missions). This review provides an overview of the physicochemical properties and mineralogical composition of commercially available Lunar and Martian regolith simulants. Subsequently, it describes potential strategies and sustainable practices for creating regolith simulants akin to terrestrial soil, which is a highly dynamic environment where microbiota and humified organic matter interact with the mineral moiety. These strategies include the amendment of simulants with composted organic wastes, which can turn nutrient-poor and alkaline crushed rocks into efficient life-sustaining substrates equipped with enhanced physical, hydraulic, and chemical properties. In this regard, we provide a comprehensive analysis of recent scientific works focusing on the exploitation of regolith simulant-based substrates as plant growth media. The literature discussion helps identify the main critical aspects and future challenges related to sustainable space farming by the in situ use and enhancement of Lunar and Martian resources.

scholarly journals Fertilizer Concentration Affects Growth and Nutrient Composition of Subirrigated Pansies

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc van Iersel
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Tissue Levels ◽  
Shoot Tissue ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Fertilizer Solution ◽  
Over Time

Ebb- and-flow irrigation is an economically attractive subirrigation method that reduces labor costs and eliminates runoff from greenhouses. The effects of fertilizer concentration on growth of subirrigated pansy (Viola ×wittrockiana Gam.) and the leachate electrical conductivity (EC) and pH were quantified, using two growing media. Leachate EC increased as the EC of the fertilizer solution increased from 0.6 to 3.6 dS·m–1 (70 to 530 mg·L–1 N). The leachate EC was fairly constant over time when the EC of the fertilizer solution was 0.6 dS·m–1, while it increased throughout the experiment at higher fertilizer concentrations. MetroMix 300 leachate consistently had a higher EC than did MetroMix 500. Leachate pH of both growing media was similar throughout the growing season. The pH decreased over time and was lower with higher fertilizer concentrations. Optimal plant growth occurred with a fertilizer EC of 1.2 or 1.8 dS·m–1, and a leachate EC between 1.5 and 4 dS·m–1. Increasing the concentration of the fertilizer solution resulted in increased shoot tissue levels of P and Mn and decreased tissue levels of K, Mg, and Na. The results of this study indicate that pansy is not very sensitive to the EC of the growing medium and can be grown successfully in a closed subirrigation system.

scholarly journals Organic Amendments Alter Soil Hydrology and Belowground Microbiome of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1561
Author(s):  
Taylor Readyhough ◽  
Deborah A. Neher ◽  
Tucker Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Manure Compost

Manure-derived organic amendments are a cost-effective tool that provide many potential benefits to plant and soil health including fertility, water retention, and disease suppression. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate how dairy manure compost (DMC), dairy manure compost-derived vermicompost (VC), and dehydrated poultry manure pellets (PP) impact the tripartite relationship among plant growth, soil physiochemical properties, and microbial community composition. Of tomato plants with manure-derived fertilizers amendments, only VC led to vigorous growth through the duration of the experiment, whereas DMC had mixed impacts on plant growth and PP was detrimental. Organic amendments increased soil porosity and soil water holding capacity, but delayed plant maturation and decreased plant biomass. Composition of bacterial communities were affected more by organic amendment than fungal communities in all microhabitats. Composition of communities outside roots (bulk soil, rhizosphere, rhizoplane) contrasted those within roots (endosphere). Distinct microbial communities were detected for each treatment, with an abundance of Massilia, Chryseolinea, Scedosporium, and Acinetobacter distinguishing the control, vermicompost, dairy manure compost, and dehydrated poultry manure pellet treatments, respectively. This study suggests that plant growth is affected by the application of organic amendments not only because of the soil microbial communities introduced, but also due to a synergistic effect on the physical soil environment. Furthermore, there is a strong interaction between root growth and the spatial heterogeneity of soil and root-associated microbial communities.

scholarly journals Nursery Growing Media: Agronomic and Environmental Quality Assessment of Sewage Sludge-Based Compost

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara De Lucia ◽  
Giuseppe Cristiano ◽  
Lorenzo Vecchietti ◽  
Elvira Rea ◽  
Giovanni Russo
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Environmental Quality Assessment ◽  
Plant Nursery

There is a stringent need to reduce the environmental impact of peat in the plant nursery production chain. In this experiment, the use of different rates of sewage sludge compost in the preparation of growing media for potted Bougainvillea was evaluated to assess its efficiency for the replacement of peat and to quantify the environmental impact of such alternative substrates by the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. Five substrates containing increasing proportion of composted sewage sludge to peat (0%, 25%, 40%, 55%, and 70% v/v) were used, and their physicochemical properties were measured. Bougainvillea plant growth, biomass production, and macro- and micronutrient absorption were also determined. The main results were that compost addition improved the plant nutrient and increased the substrate pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and dry bulk density values. Globally, the results showed that compost could be used at up to 55% by volume with no negative effects on plant growth. The LCA showed that use of compost reduced the environmental loads of the growth media, except the Global Warming Potential value (GWP100). Environmental implications of the use of compost in the plant nursery chain are discussed.

UTILIZATION OF RAWAPENING PEAT FOR NUTRIENT BLOCK AS A MEDIA NURSERIES Anthocephalus cadaba and Paraserianthes falcataria

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hanggari Sittadewi., dkk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Paraserianthes Falcataria ◽  
Land Rehabilitation ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
The Media

Nutrient Block is a growing medium product in the form of a square (25 x 25 cm) or cylindrical (diameter = 20 cm, height = 25 cm) made of peat which has been composted, plus adhesive gypsum or tapioca waste. Nutrient Block is designed to support the post mining land rehabilitation program that is now threatening the environmental degradation in mining areas. Nutrient Block products has been proved good for growth because of the media in addition to having physical properties that are capable of storing large amounts of water, contain enough nutrients in the form available to plants,so it can support plant growth. Results of the Nutrient Block application test to Jabon (Anthocephalus cadaba) and Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) plants showed that good performance, both plant height and diameter of trees and leaf growth in plants Jabon appear healthy and getting wider.keywords: nutrient block, post-mining land rehabilitation. Paraserianthes falcataria, Anthocephalus cadaba

Growth of Container-grown Plants With and Without Azomite Soil Amendment

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 492c-492
Author(s):  
Chris Ely ◽  
Mark A. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Water Holding

Azomite is a mined, commercially available, hydrated sodium calcium aluminosiliclate soil amendment reported to act as a source of mineral elements. To determine its effect on plant growth, Dendranthema `Connie' rooted cuttings, Malus seedlings, and Citrus seedlings were grown in containers in one of two growing media: ProMix BX or ProMix BX with Azomite (1:1, v:v). Plant height was monitored weekly and after 6 weeks of growth, fresh and dry plant weights of roots and shoots were determined. There was no difference in any of the parameters measured as a result of the addition of Azomite. Any nutritional influence of the Azomite may only be evident in different conditions, e.g., field soil, or over an extended period of time. The Azomite altered the medium's physical properties and therefore bulk density and water-holding capacity of the Azomite were determined for consideration.

scholarly journals Effect of Low Zeolite Doses on Plants and Soil Physicochemical Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2617
Author(s):  
Alicja Szatanik-Kloc ◽  
Justyna Szerement ◽  
Agnieszka Adamczuk ◽  
Grzegorz Józefaciuk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Holding

Thousands of tons of zeolitic materials are used yearly as soil conditioners and components of slow-release fertilizers. A positive influence of application of zeolites on plant growth has been frequently observed. Because zeolites have extremely large cation exchange capacity, surface area, porosity and water holding capacity, a paradigm has aroused that increasing plant growth is caused by a long-lasting improvement of soil physicochemical properties by zeolites. In the first year of our field experiment performed on a poor soil with zeolite rates from 1 to 8 t/ha and N fertilization, an increase in spring wheat yield was observed. Any effect on soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), surface area (S), pH-dependent surface charge (Qv), mesoporosity, water holding capacity and plant available water (PAW) was noted. This positive effect of zeolite on plants could be due to extra nutrients supplied by the mineral (primarily potassium—1 ton of the studied zeolite contained around 15 kg of exchangeable potassium). In the second year of the experiment (NPK treatment on previously zeolitized soil), the zeolite presence did not impact plant yield. No long-term effect of the zeolite on plants was observed in the third year after soil zeolitization, when, as in the first year, only N fertilization was applied. That there were no significant changes in the above-mentioned physicochemical properties of the field soil after the addition of zeolite was most likely due to high dilution of the mineral in the soil (8 t/ha zeolite is only ~0.35% of the soil mass in the root zone). To determine how much zeolite is needed to improve soil physicochemical properties, much higher zeolite rates than those applied in the field were studied in the laboratory. The latter studies showed that CEC and S increased proportionally to the zeolite percentage in the soil. The Qv of the zeolite was lower than that of the soil, so a decrease in soil variable charge was observed due to zeolite addition. Surprisingly, a slight increase in PAW, even at the largest zeolite dose (from 9.5% for the control soil to 13% for a mixture of 40 g zeolite and 100 g soil), was observed. It resulted from small alterations of the soil macrostructure: although the input of small zeolite pores was seen in pore size distributions, the larger pores responsible for the storage of PAW were almost not affected by the zeolite addition.

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