The Effect of Salicylic Acid and 20 Substituted Molecules on Alleviating Metolachlor Herbicide Injury in Rice (Oryza sativa)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xile Deng ◽  
Wenna Zheng ◽  
Xiaomao Zhou ◽  
Lianyang Bai
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Endogenous Plant

Salicylic acid (SA) is an endogenous plant hormone that has a wide range of pharmacological effects. Studies have indicated that SA has herbicide safening activity. In this study, the herbicide safening activity of SA and 20 substituted molecules were tested on agar-cultured rice. Biological assay results indicated that SA and substituted SA had a low inhibitory effect on the growth of rice seedlings (Oryza sativa), and partially alleviated the effects of metolachlor toxicity. Moreover, at 0.25 mg L−1, the safening effect of compounds l and u lessened the effects of metolachlor phytotoxicity on plant height and fresh weight when compared to the effects of the control, fenclorim. The effects of metolachlor toxicity were reduced on root length due to the safening effects of compounds l, n, and u; these effects were greater than those of fenclorim. These compounds could facilitate the development of novel herbicide safeners.

scholarly journals Fine-mapping of qRL6.1, a major QTL for root length of rice seedlings grown under a wide range of NH4 + concentrations in hydroponic conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Obara ◽  
Wataru Tamura ◽  
Takeshi Ebitani ◽  
Masahiro Yano ◽  
Tadashi Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions ◽  
Major Qtl

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF LETHAL DOSE OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) GENOTYPES BY RADIO SENSITIVITY TEST

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rigyan Gupta ◽  
Mirza Mofazzal Islam ◽  
Shamshun Nahar Begum ◽  
Wasim Akram ◽  
Md. Shafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Gamma Radiations ◽  
Radio Sensitivity

The purpose of the research was to determine the effects of gamma ray on seed germination, shoot length, root length, and shoot and root fresh weight of Rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. Indica) to identify the lethal dosage of the radiation. For this research, two rice genotypes viz., Binadhan-17 and Galon were examined for varietal differences in radio sensitivity to gamma radiations. Dry healthy seeds were figured to variable doses of gamma radiations i.e., 50-1000 Gy with 50 Gy intervals using 60Co as the radiation source. Highly significant differences among the genotypes (p<0.01) for all traits and treatments were observed. The differences among radiation treatments were highly significant (p<0.01) for germination percentage of seed, shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight. The genotype × dose interactions were highly significant for germination percentage, shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight and root fresh weight indicating no stability of performance for characters across different radiation levels. Mutagenic treatments shifted mean values towards negative direction for almost all traits but not in a definite pattern. In general, genotypes displayed variable response towards gamma radiations and there LD25 and LD50 were different.

Responses of Weedy Rice to Drought Stress at Germination and Seedling Stages

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Hua Ding ◽  
Xiao Liang Liu ◽  
Dian Rong Ma ◽  
Xiao Xue Wang ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Cultivated Rice

Drought is a world-spread problem seriously influencing grain production and quality, the loss of which is the total for other natural disasters, with increasing global climate change making the situation more serious. Rice is the staple food for more than 23% of world population, so rice anti-drought physiology study is of importance to rice production and biological breeding for the sake of coping with abiotic and biotic conditions. Much research is involved in this hot topic, but the pace of progress is not so large because of drought resistance being a multiple-gene-control quantitative character. On the other hand, stress adaptive mechanisms are quite different, with stress degree, time course, materials, soil quality status and experimental plots, thus increasing the complexity of the issue in question. Additionally, a little study is related to weedy rice.In order to investigate the effects of drought stress on germination and early seedling growth of weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea L.) and cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.), polyethyleneglycol-6000 (PEG-6000) are used to generate -1.33MPa and 0MPa water stress in a laboratory condition (28±3°C). Complete randomized design with three replications is used in the study. After 10 days of germination, shoot length, the longest root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root numbers are measured; germination percentage, and root to shoot ratio are calculated. Germination index (GI), shoot length stress index (SLSI), root length stress index (RLSI) and dry matter stress index (DMSI) are used to evaluate the response of different genotypes to PEG-induced water stress. Results of ANOVA analysis show that responses of weedy rice accessions and cultivated rice varieties to water stress are significant different, demonstrating the germplasm of weedy rice and cultivated rice are diverse which enables us to screen the germplasm tolerant to drought stress.

Induction of Pyridine Alkaloid Formation in Transformed Root Cultures of Nicotiana tabacum

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 869-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawia Zayed ◽  
Michael Wink
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Transformed Root Cultures ◽  
Set Up

Hairy root cultures of Nicotiana tabacum were set up by excised root tips with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The successful transformation was confirmed by analyzing rolC and virC genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Hairy root cultures were employed to study the formation of pyridine alkaloids, mainly nicotine. The transformed cultures were incubated with potential elicitors, such as methyljasmonate, quercetin and salicylic acid, in order to stimulate the biosynthesis of pyridine alkaloids. Profile and amounts of pyridine alkaloids were analyzed using capillary GLC-MS. Treatment of the cultures with methyljasmonate (50 μM) increased the alkaloid accumulation ca. 7-fold up to a level of 0.58 mg/g fresh weight as compared to untreated controls. Quercetin (200 μM) enhanced the alkaloid production ca. 4-fold (0.34 mg/g fresh weight) within 24 h. In contrast salicylic acid in all tested concentrations decreased the alkaloid level to 1 μg/g fresh weight. Also the inhibitory effect of salicylic acid on the elicitation effect of methyljasmonate and quercetin was investigated.

scholarly journals Combined effect of Cr+6 and chelating agents on growth and Cr bioaccumulation in flood susceptible variety of rice Oryza sativa (L.) cv. Swarna

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnaprava Mantry* ◽  
Hemanta Kumar Patra
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Rice Seedlings

Flood susceptible variety of Rice (Swarna) were grown in both water logged & water deficit condition. The experimental seedlings were treated with Cr+6 (10mg) and Cr+6 (50mg) both in the presence & in the absence of chelating agents (EDTA-Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid, SA-Salicylic Acid, CA-Citric Acid). The results showed that the enhancement of Cr bioavailability in plants occurs by supplementing Cr+6 with chelating agents. This clearly depicts that the role of chelating agents increases the toxic effects of Cr+6 simultaneously increasing the rate of Cr accumulation in rice seedlings.

Control of Winged Waterprimrose (Jussiaea decurrens) and Northern Jointvetch (Aeschynomene virginica) with Fungal Pathogens

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Boyette ◽  
G. E. Templeton ◽  
R. J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growing Region

An indigenous, host-specific, pathogenic fungus that parasitizes winged waterprimrose [Jussiaea decurrens(Walt.) DC.] is endemic in the rice growing region of Arkansas. The fungus was isolated and identified asColletotrichum gloeosporioides(Penz.) Sacc. f.sp. jussiaeae(CGJ). It is highly specific for parasitism of winged waterprimrose and not parasitic on creeping waterprimrose (J. repensL. var.glabrescensKtze.), rice (Oryza sativaL.), soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.), or 4 other crops and 13 other weeds. The fungus was physiologically distinct from C.gloeosporioides(Penz.) Sacc. f. sp.aeschynomene(CGA), an endemic anthracnose pathogen of northern jointvetch[Aeschynomene virginica(L.) B.S.P.], as indicated by cross inoculations of both weeds. Culture in the laboratory and inoculation of winged waterprimrose in greenhouse, growth chamber and field experiments indicated that the pathogen was stable, specific, and virulent in a wide range of environments. The pathogen yielded large quantities of spores in liquid culture. It is suitable for control of winged waterprimrose. Winged waterprimrose and northern jointvetch were controlled in greenhouse and field tests by application of spore mixtures of CGJ and CGA at concentrations of 1 to 2 million spores/ml of each fungus in 94 L/ha of water; the fungi did not damage rice or nontarget crops.

scholarly journals Enhanced Bilosomal Properties Resulted in Optimum Pharmacological Effects by Increased Acidification Pathways

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1184
Author(s):  
Armin Mooranian ◽  
Thomas Foster ◽  
Corina M Ionescu ◽  
Daniel Walker ◽  
Melissa Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction: Recent studies in our laboratory have shown that some bile acids, such as chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), can exert cellular protective effects when encapsulated with viable β-cells via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress mechanisms. However, to explore their full potential, formulating such bile acids (that are intrinsically lipophilic) can be challenging, particularly if larger doses are required for optimal pharmacological effects. One promising approach is the development of nano gels. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine biological effects of various concentrations of CDCA using various solubilising nano gel systems on encapsulated β-cells. Methods: Using our established cellular encapsulation system, the Ionic Gelation Vibrational Jet Flow technology, a wide range of CDCA β-cell capsules were produced and examined for morphological, biological, and inflammatory profiles. Results and Conclusion: Capsules’ morphology and topographic characteristics remained similar, regardless of CDCA or nano gel concentrations. The best pharmacological, anti-inflammatory, and cellular respiration, metabolism, and energy production effects were observed at high CDCA and nano gel concentrations, suggesting dose-dependent cellular protective and positive effects of CDCA when incorporated with high loading nano gel.

scholarly journals Albizia chinensis bark extract ameliorates the genotoxic effect of cyclophosphamide

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Nabil ◽  
Entesar E. Hassan ◽  
Neven S. Ghaly ◽  
Fawzia A. Aly ◽  
Farouk R. Melek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Repeated Treatment ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Sperm Abnormalities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Background The genus Albizia (Leguminoseae) is used in folk medicine for the treatment of a wide range of ailments. Recently, saponins from plant origin have attracted much attention. Saponins are recorded to have a broad range of biological and pharmacological activities. This study was performed to evaluate the protective role of Albizia chinensis bark methanolic extract (MEAC) against the genotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) using different mutagenic parameters. Results The results showed that MEAC induced an inhibitory effect against chromosomal aberrations of CP in mouse bone marrow and spermatocytes. Such effect was found to be significant (p < 0.01) with a dose of 100 mg/kg treated once for 24 h and also after repeated treatment at a dose of 25 mg/kg for 7 days. In sperm abnormalities, the protective effect of Albizia extract showed a dose-related relationship. Different doses of MEAC (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.01) ameliorated sperm abnormalities induced by CP dose-dependently. The percentage of sperm abnormalities was decreased to 5.14 ± 0.72 in the group of animals treated with CP plus MEAC (100 mg/kg) indicating an inhibitory effect of about 50%. Conclusion MEAC at the doses examined was non-genotoxic compared to control (negative) and exhibited a protective role against CP genotoxicity.

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