scholarly journals Effects of Photoperiod Interacted with Nutrient Solution Concentration on Nutritional Quality and Antioxidant and Mineral Content in Lettuce

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiali Song ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
Shiwei Song ◽  
Yiting Zhang ◽  
Wei Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

The interacted effects of photoperiod and nutrient solution concentrations (NSCs) on nutritional quality and antioxidant and mineral content in lettuce were investigated in this study. There were a total of nine treatments by three photoperiods (12 h/12 h, 15 h/9 h, and 18 h/6 h), with a combination of three NSCs (1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 NSC). The contents of photosynthetic pigment, mineral element, and nutritional quality were markedly affected by the combination of photoperiod and NSC. The highest leaf number and plant weight were found in lettuce under the combination of 18–0.25X. There was a higher content of photosynthetic pigment in treatment of 15-0.25X. Shorter photoperiod (12 h/12 h and 15 h/9 h) and NSC (1/4 and 1/2 NSC) contributed to reduced nitrate contents and higher contents of free amino acid, soluble protein, and vitamin C. Longer photoperiod and lower NSC could increase soluble sugar content. The content of total P, K, and Ca exhibited a similar trend under the combination of photoperiod and NSC, with a higher content at 3/4 NSC under different photoperiods. Lower contents of total Zn and N were found under longer photoperiod. Moreover, higher antioxidant contents, including 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), value of ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), flavonoid, polyphenol, and anthocyanin were observed under shorter photoperiod, with the peak under 12-0.50X. Generally, 12-0.50X might be the optimal treatment for the improvement of the nutritional quality of lettuce in a plant factory that produced high-quality vegetables.

scholarly journals Physiological and Phytochemical Responses of Spinach Baby Leaves Grown in a PFAL System with LEDs and Saline Nutrient Solution

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Filippos Bantis ◽  
Mariangela Fotelli ◽  
Zoran S. Ilić ◽  
Athanasios Koukounaras
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Red Led

Spinach is a leafy vegetable containing a plethora of bioactive compounds. Our study aimed to evaluate the physiological (i.e., JIP-test) and phytochemical response of spinach baby leaves grown with regular or mildly saline (40 mM NaCl) nutrient solution and irradiated by four light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with broad spectra. T1 (highest red and far-red, low blue) and T3 (high red, balanced blue, green and far-red) led to a better developed photosynthetic apparatus compared to T2 (red peak in 631 nm) and T4 (highest blue and green), highlighted by PIABS and its structural components: RC/ABS, φP0, ψE0, and ΔVIP. Elevated salinity only affected the latter parameter. T1 induced the maximum yield production but also the highest nitrate content which was far below the maximum level permitted by European legislation. Regardless of salinity level, T3 enhanced total phenol, chlorophyll, and carotenoid content. T2 and T4 led to inferior nutritional quality. Non-saline nutrient solution promoted the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and the antioxidant potential, regardless of light treatment. By contrast, soluble sugar content was enhanced by saline nutrient solution. Our study shows that physiology and nutritional quality of spinach baby leaves can be manipulated by small interplays in the light spectra and salinity level.

Effect of Ammonium and Nitrate Ratio on Nutritional Quality of Flowering Chinese Cabbage

2011 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Wei Song ◽  
Ling Yan Yi ◽  
Hou Cheng Liu ◽  
Guang Wen Sun ◽  
Ri Yuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Flowering Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Ammonium And Nitrate Ratios ◽  
Better Than

Effect of ammonium and nitrate ratios (0:100, 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25) on nutritional quality of flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee) with 3 cultivars were studied in hydroponics. The results indicated that, with the increasing of ammonium proportion in nutrient solution, the soluble sugar content in product organ of flowering Chinese cabbage increased gradually, but Vc content decreased gradually. Enhancement of ammonium by 25% or 50% in nutrient solution increased the soluble protein content in leaf significantly, while it increased gradually in stalk with the increasing of ammonium proportion. Free amino acids in product organ of flowering Chinese cabbage were improved significantly by enhancement of ammonium in nutrient solution. Integrated nutritional quality of flowering Chinese cabbage in 25% ammonium enhancement treatment was better than others under hydroponics condition.

Effect of Ammonium and Nitrate Ratio on Nutritional Quality of Chinese Kale

2012 ◽  
Vol 461 ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Wei Song ◽  
Guo Xiu Liao ◽  
Hou Cheng Liu ◽  
Guang Wen Sun ◽  
Ri Yuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Brassica Alboglabra ◽  
Chinese Kale ◽  
Better Than

Effect of ammonium and nitrate ratio (0:100, 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25) on nutritional quality of Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabra Bailey) with 3 cultivars were studied in hydroponics. The results indicated that, the Vitamin C content in product organ (leaf and stalk) of Chinese kale was decreased by the enhancement of ammonium in nutrient solution, and the decrease was not significant for 25% enhancement of ammonium. 25% ammonium enhancement increased the soluble sugar content in product organ significantly, compared with other treatments. Free amino acids and protein content of Chinese kale increased gradually with the increasing of ammonium proportion in nutrient solution. Integrated nutritional quality of Chinese kale in 25% ammonium enhancement treatment was better than others under hydroponics condition.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic and Sugar Profiles of Date Fruits Extracts from Six Different Algerian Cultivars as Influenced by Ripening Stages and Extraction Systems

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
Malika Tassoult ◽  
Djamel Edine Kati ◽  
María África Fernández-Prior ◽  
Alejandra Bermúdez-Oria ◽  
Juan Fernandez-Bolanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Ripening Stages ◽  
Date Fruit ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
First Time

The study investigated the phenols, sugar and the antioxidant capacities of date fruit extracts obtained by organic solvents and by hydrothermal treatment from six different Algerian cultivars at two ripening stages for the first time. The analyzed cultivars exhibited potent antioxidant properties (ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging capacities) and different phenols regardless of the solvents and the maturity stages. About 18 phenols were identified and quantified, mainly in the hydrothermal extracts. The earlier stages were characterized by high amounts of o-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid and luteolin, with a noticeable absence of quercetin. The tamr stage presented the highest sugar content (78.15–86.85 mg/100 mg dry weight (DW)) with an abundance of glucose. Galactose was present only in some cultivars from the kimri stage (tamjouhert). Uronic acids were mostly detected at the tamr stage (4.02–8.82 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 mg dried weight). The obtained results highlight the potential of using date fruit extracts as natural antioxidants, especially at industrial scales that tend use hydrothermal extraction.

Application of Collagen Hydrolysate Extracted from Limed Hide Waste in the Crop Grow Seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-546
Author(s):  
Li Zhao Li Zhao ◽  
Yanru Long and Haibin Gu Yanru Long and Haibin Gu
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Collagen Hydrolysates ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

In this work, the collagen hydrolysates with different molecular weights were successfully extracted from the limed hide waste, and used at the nutrient solutions for crop breeding. Firstly, using the single factor and orthogonal exp eriments, hydrolytic process parameters of limed hide waste were optimized for the Alcalase-based enzymatic and Ca(OH)2-based alkali, and alkali-enzyme methods that led to the corresponding collagen hydrolysates with different molecular weights. The obtained collagen hydrolysates were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), amino acid analysis, the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), and Kjeldahl method. Then, the collagen hydrolysates were used as organic nitrogen sources to prepare fertilizers for the grow seedlings of Triticum aestivum, Glycine max, and Brassica napus, and inorganic nitrogen solutions were used as controls. The effects of these nutrient solutions on the seedlings and growth of the three crops were investigated. Concretely, the germination rate, plant weight, seeding height, soluble sugar content, and chlorophyll content were tested. Results indicated that all the collagen hydrolysate products could be used to prepare water-soluble fertilizers that can intensively boost germination, plant weight, and seeding height, and greatly increase soluble sugar and chlorophyll content in leaves. Furthermore, the fertilizer efficiencies of all the tested degradation products are much better than that of the water-soluble fertilizer containing inorganic nitrogen. All the proteolytic nutrient solutions with different molecular weights can promote the growth of crops, but the smaller the molecular weight is, the better the growth effect of crops is, which is manifested in the higher germination rate, plant weight, seedling height, soluble sugar content and chlorophyll content of seeds.

scholarly journals Phthalanilic Acid with Biostimulatory Functions Affects Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Capacity and Improves Fruit Quality and Yield in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1082
Author(s):  
Ting Ma ◽  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Na Liu ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Zhiqing Ma
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Length Width

The widespread application of biostimulants with a growing trend represents sustainable practices aimed at improving growth and yield and alleviating stresses in green agricultural system. Phthalanilic acid (PPA), with biostimulatory functions, has been increasingly applied to fruit and vegetable production. However, its specific biostimulatory effects on growth and development of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) plants is still unclear. In this study, the regulatory function of foliar spraying PPA at the flowering timing in morphometric (length, width, single pod weight and yield), physiological (relative electrical conductivity), and biochemical (antioxidant enzymes activity, photosynthetic pigment, malondialdehyde, vitamin C, soluble protein, and soluble sugar content) parameters of cowpea plants were investigated. In general, PPA treatments exhibited higher antioxidant enzymes activities (with an increase of 11.89–51.62% in POD), lower relative conductivity (with a decrease of 22.66–62.18%), increased photosynthetic pigment levels and amounts of free proline (with an increase of 24.62–90.52%), and decreased malondialdehyde. Furthermore, the length, width and weight of single pod, podding rate (with an increase of 19.64%), vitamin C, soluble protein (with an increase of 18.75%), and soluble sugar content were increased by 200 mg·L−1 PPA. These data, together with an increased yield of 15.89%, suggest that PPA positively regulates the growth and development, improving fruit quality and yield, especially at 200 mg·L−1. This study indicates that PPA has biostimulatory effects in cowpea production and shows application prospect in field cultivation.

Effect of Biofertilizer (Fermented fish waste – Gunapaselam) on structure and biochemical components of Vigna radiata leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Thendral Hepsibha Balraj ◽  
Geetha Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
Fermented Fish ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Biochemical Components

Fermented fish waste – Gunapaselam (FFW-G) is rich in nutrients which can be exploited for agronomic purpose. Vigna radiata used in crop rotation increases the fertility of soil by biological nitrogen fixation. But currently the yield of Vigna radiata is reduced due to various factors including unsustainable application of chemical fertilizers that made the soil barren. Leaves play an important role in the overall performance of the plants. The present study analysed the effect of organic fertilizer, fermented fish waste – Gunapaselam on photosynthetic pigment level, total soluble sugar, nitrate, protein, mineral content and anatomical changes in the leaves of Vigna radiata. Experimental field study group includes Group I- Water; Group II – Chemical fertilizer (25:50:25:20 kg NPKS ha-1) and Group III- 1:100 diluted FFW-G. Fertilization with FFW-G has induced anatomical changes in the leaves of Vigna radiata which would increase the biosynthetic capacity. Application of FFW-G increased the photosynthetic pigment level which results in an increase in the amount of total sugars, nitrate, protein and mineral content (NPK) in the leaves of Vigna radiata. The results clearly confirm that application of FFW-G improves the biochemical components and structural features of Vigna radiata leaves. Thus, this kind of organic fertilizer will improve the photosynthetic efficiency of Vigna radiata and hence the yield.

Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Cotton in Response to Copper Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Ke-Hai Zhou ◽  
Gang Zhao ◽  
Pei-Pei Wang ◽  
Dai-Gang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Copper Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cotton Variety ◽  
Cotton Seedling ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Backgroundcopper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient, required for plant growth and development. However, high concentrations of Cu can be extremely toxic to plant. This study investigate the tolerance mechanism of cotton under copper stress and its potential for soil pollution improvement.ResultsThe hybrid cotton variety (Zhongmian 63) and its two parent lines were selected as materials. Cotton seedling were treated with different Cu concentrations (0, 0.2, 50, 100, 200 μM) for 10 days in hydroponic condition. The results showed that the stem height, root length, and leaf area of cotton seedlings appear to have a down trend with the increase of Cu concentration. Increasing Cu concentration promoted Cu accumulation in roots, stems, and leaves of all the three cotton genotypes, however, the roots region was the main Cu storage organ, followed by leaves and stems regions. Compared with the parent lines, the roots of Zhongmian 63 are more capable of enriching Cu and have the least amount of Cu transported to the shoots. Therefore, the toxicity of Cu to cotton seedling is effectively alleviated. Cu-caused oxidative stress to cotton leaves was evident by over accumulation of H2O2 and MDA. POD activity and soluble sugar content increased firstly and then decreased compared with the control group. GSH content increased and photosynthetic pigment content decreased with increasing copper concentration in nutrient solution. ConclusionOur results suggest that the hybrid cotton variety Zhongmian 63 performed well under Cu stress. This lays the theoretical foundation for further analysis on molecular mechanism of cotton resistance to copper and promoting the large-scale planting Zhongmian 63 in the copper-contaminated area.

Alkaline Hydrolysis of Swine Mortalities and Using Hydrolysates to Grow Lettuce Hydroponically

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Neslihan Akdeniz ◽  
Shuqi Yi
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
List Type ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Hydrolysis Process

HighlightsAlkaline hydrolysis is an effective way of managing livestock carcasses.The hydrolysates can be aerobically treated to prepare a nutrient solution.Mixing the nutrient solution with a traditional fertilizer increases lettuce quality.The fertilizer expenses of hydroponic lettuce growth can be reduced by 50%.Abstract. Animal mortality management is an essential part of livestock production. Choosing a proper method to handle mortalities is essential for preventing the spread of animal diseases and maintaining the sustainability of livestock facilities. The objectives of this study were (1) to test the efficacy of alkaline hydrolysis at ambient conditions to dispose of piglet mortalities, and (2) to demonstrate if the hydrolysates of the alkaline hydrolysis process could be used to grow lettuce hydroponically. Three alkaline concentrations (1M, 2M, and 4M) were tested to hydrolyze piglet mortalities. The pH of all alkaline solutions stayed above 12.8 for 31 days, which could eliminate all the pathogens that might concern swine producers based on previous studies. The hydrolysates were neutralized using corn silage with a pH of 3.9 ±0.2 and aerobically treated for 15 days. After aerobic treatment, mixing 20× diluted hydrolysates with 2× diluted control (commercially available fertilizer) provided the highest yields (on average, 18.2% more fresh weight compared to control). This mixture also yielded the highest chlorophyll and total soluble sugar content. We concluded that alkaline treatment of piglet mortalities at ambient temperature and pressure was feasible, and the neutralized and aerobically treated hydrolysates could be used to grow lettuce, reducing the risk of environmental releases. Keywords: Alkaline hydrolysis, Hydroponic, Hydrolysate, Livestock, Mortality, Real-time sensors.

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