scholarly journals Effect of Pre-Sowing Magnetic Field Treatment on Enzymes and Phytohormones in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Seeds and Seedlings

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Janusz Podleśny ◽  
Anna Podleśna ◽  
Bożena Gładyszewska ◽  
Jolanta Bojarszczuk
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Amylolytic Enzymes ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Pea Seedlings ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Different Doses

The aim of the presented studies was to evaluate the magnetic field (MF) effect on changes in some enzymes and phytohormones that takes place in the process of seed germination and growth of seedlings. Studies were led in the climatic chambers HERAEUS, on Petri dishes during six consecutive days. Pea seeds were divided into three groups from which one was the control (without stimulation) and two were treated with different doses of magnetic field (30 and 85 mT, respectively). Contents of amylolytic enzymes (AE) and phytohormones were determined at seven terms (0; 24; 48; 72; 96; 120 and 144 h) after placing them on the dishes. A favorable effect of seed stimulation with MF was found on the biochemical processes in the germinating seeds and pea seedlings. The size of changes in enzyme concentration was dependent mainly on the advancement of germination process (i.e., on length of time in which the seeds were on the dishes) and the MF treatment. The use of MF also had an effect on the increase in hormone content in the seeds and organs of seedlings, but values from objects treated with different doses did not differ significantly.

Germination and initial growth of triticale seeds under stationary magnetic fields

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Florez ◽  
Elvira Martinez ◽  
Victoria Carbonell
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Nutrition Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

The main objective of this study is to determine the effects of 125 mT and 250mT magnetic treatment on the germination and initial growth of triticale seeds. This objective has a practical application in agriculture science: early growth of triticale. An increase in the percentage and rate of germination of seeds and a stimulation of growth of seedlings as positive response to magnetic field treatment in rice, wheat, maize and barley seeds have been found in previous studies. Germination tests were carried out under laboratory conditions by exposing triticale seeds to magnetic field for different times. The effect was studied by exposure of seeds prior sowing. The mean germination time were reduced for all the magnetic treatments applied. Most significant differences were obtained for time of exposure of 1 and 24 hours and maximum reductions was 12%. Furthermore, seedlings from magnetically treated seeds grew taller than control. The longest mean total length was obtained from seedlings exposed to 125 and 250 mT for 24 hours. External magnetic fields are assumed to enhance seed vigor by influencing the biochemical processes by stimulating activity of proteins and enzymes. Numerous studies suggested that magnetic field increases ions uptake and consequently improves nutrition value.

scholarly journals Biological Control Against the Cowpea Weevil (Callosobruchus Chinensis L., Coleoptera: Bruchidae) Using Essential Oils of Some Medicinal Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Righi Assia Fatiha ◽  
Righi Kada ◽  
Anouar Khelil ◽  
Juli Pujade-Villar
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Cowpea Weevil ◽  
Chick Pea ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a valuable foodstuff but unfortunately this legume is prone to insect attacks from the chick pea weevil (Callosobruchus chinensis L.). This serious pest damages the chickpea and causes decreases in the yield and in the nutritional quality. Biological control is being used to deal with this problem. We tried different doses of the essential oils of three new medicinal plants, namely Salvia verbenaca L., Scilla maritima L., and Artemisia herba-alba Asso to limit the damage of the chick pea weevil pest, and to protect consumer’s health. To determine the effect and efficiency of the oil, the tests were conducted using the different biological parameters of fertility, longevity, and fecundity, under controlled temperature and relative humidity (28°C and 75%). The effectiveness of organic oils was demonstrated. We tested these oils on the germination of seeds. The obtained results showed that the tested plant oils have a real organic insecticide effect. The essential oil of Artemisia proved most effective as a biocide; achieving a mortality rate of 100%. A significant reduction in longevity was observed under the effect of 30 μl of S. maritima (1.3 days) and S. verbenaca (2.8, 4.6 days), respectively, for males and females compared to 8 and 15 days for the control. For fecundity, an inhibition of oviposition was obtained using 30 μl of Salvia and Scilla essential oils. The test on the seed germination using different essential oils, showed no damage to the germinating seeds. The germination rate was 99%. These findings suggest that the tested plants can be used as a bioinsecticide for control of the C. chinensis pest of stored products.

scholarly journals Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to Study Effects of Magnetic Field Treatment on Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) Seedlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenlin Wei ◽  
Dejie Jiao ◽  
Junxiao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Insight Into

Magnetic field treatments have been utilized to promote germination and growth of a variety of species of plants; however the mechanism of concern has not been fully elucidated. In this research, wheat seedlings were treated with 500 mT and 1500 mT static magnetic field (SMF) for 10 and 20 min, respectively. Analyzing Fourier transform infrared spectra collected from leaves of seedlings showed that SMF treatments decreased the contents of lipids and proteins, shifted bands to higher wavenumbers in 3000–2800 cm−1regions, and increased the ratio of CH2/CH3which likely indicates a structural variation of lipids. For bands assigned to different second structures of proteins, slight bands shifting and changing the ratio of different second structures of proteins were observed due to SMF treatments. To summarize, the results revealed that lipids rather than proteins were sensitive to SMF treatments. The results provided insight into the SMF induced conformational changes of lipids and proteins in wheat leaves, which will help elucidate the biological mechanisms of SMF on plant growth and development.

Optical and Magnetic Properties of Silica Implanted with N+ and Fe+

1995 ◽  
Vol 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Isobe ◽  
R.A. Weeks ◽  
R.A. Zuhr
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Resonance Field ◽  
Magnetic Interaction ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Resonance Absorption ◽  
Iron Nitrides ◽  
Optical And Magnetic Properties ◽  
Different Doses

AbstractSilica platelets (Corning 7940) were implanted sequentially with N at 52 keV to different doses ranging from 0 to 1.2×l017 ions cm2 and then with Fe at 160 keV to a dose of 6×10 ions cm2. The optical absorption decreased with increasing N1 dose at photon energies ranging from 1.4 eV to 6.5 eV. The relative intensity, S(0°), of the ferromagnetic resonance absorption and its resonance field, H(0°), at θ = 0° were larger than S(90°) and H,(90°) at 0 = 90°, where Θ is the angle between the applied magnetic field and the normal to the implanted surface. The maximum values of S(0°) and S(90°) were observed near the N/Fe atomic ratio of 0.2. At the similar atomic ratio, the differential relative intensity, S(0°)- S(90°), and the differential resonance field, H,(0°)-H,(90°). associated with the degree of magnetic interaction between the produced compounds, also showed maxima. We conclude that sequential ion-implantation of N1 and Fe1 into silica causes a chemical interaction to produce iron nitrides.

COMBINED EFFECTS OF GIBBERELLIN AND 2,4-D ON DORMANT SEEDS OF STINKWEED (THLASPI ARVENSE L.)

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 871-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Corns
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Thlaspi Arvense ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Germination And Growth

Concentrations of 50 and 500 p.p.m. gibberellin were used alone and in combination with 2,4-D sodium salt solutions ranging from 0.00001 to 8000 p.p.m. acid equivalent, in Petri dishes, with dormant seeds of stinkweed (Thlaspi arvense L.), to determine the effects of these treatments or of subtoxic amounts of 2,4-D alone, on germination and growth. About 90% germination within 2 weeks was induced by the 50 p.p.m. gibberellin and was not augmented by the very dilute concentrations of 2,4-D. Complete germination occurred within only 8 days with 500 p.p.m. gibberellin alone. Strengths greater than approximately 0.02 p.p.m. of 2,4-D retarded shoot elongation and concentrations greater than about 0.5 p.p.m. of 2,4-D progressively reduced germination associated with either 50 or 500 p.p.m. gibberellin. Concentrations of 2,4-D higher than approximately 200 p.p.m. prevented both concentrations of gibberellin from causing any true germination. Beyond 200 p.p.m. of 2,4-D there was still, however, a broad range within which gibberellin was able to cause a definite initial phase of the germination process characterized simply by rupture of the seed coat without protrusion of root and stem. This response could not be prevented by 2,4-D at concentrations lower than 4000 p.p.m. in counteraction with 50 p.p.m. gibberellin, or at dosage lower than about 7000 p.p.m. in association with 500 p.p.m. gibberellin. Potential practical significance of the work is considered.

scholarly journals Biochemical and cellular properties of Gluconacetobacter xylinus cultures exposed to different modes of rotating magnetic field

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Fijałkowski ◽  
Radosław Drozd ◽  
Anna Żywicka ◽  
Adam F. Junka ◽  
Marian Kordas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Rotating Magnetic Field ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Xylinus ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of a rotating magnetic field (RMF) on cellular and biochemical properties of Gluconacetobacter xylinus during the process of cellulose synthesis by these bacteria. The application of the RMF during bacterial cellulose (BC) production intensified the biochemical processes in G. xylinus as compared to the RMF-unexposed cultures. Moreover, the RMF had a positive impact on the growth of cellulose-producing bacteria. Furthermore, the application of RMF did not increase the number of mutants unable to produce cellulose. In terms of BC production efficacy, the most favorable properties were found in the setting where RMF generator was switched off for the first 72 h of cultivation and switched on for the further 72 h. The results obtained can be used in subsequent studies concerning the optimization of BC production using different types of magnetic fields including RMF, especially.

scholarly journals Intensification of grain sprouting process using complex enzyme preparations

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
E. M. Ourbantchik ◽  
L. I. Sapunova ◽  
M. M. Galdova ◽  
A. I. Malashenko ◽  
I. A. Tamkovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Optimization ◽  
Enzymatic Treatment ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzyme ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Amylolytic Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Pea Seed

The regimes were grounded for enzymatic treatment of food wheat and peas grain to intensify seedling production. Optimization of grain germination process envisages application at the steeping stage of cellulolytic enzyme preparations (cellulase, xylanase, β-glucanase) and amylolytic enzymes in 0.005 % concentrations during 3 h. The highest efficiency among tested biopreparations for wheat sprouting was shown by Viscoferm (Novozymes, Denmark) and Compliferm (Institute of Microbiology, NAS Belarus), whereas Viscoferm proved the most active in terms of peas germination. Enzymatic treatment results in reduced duration of wheat grain sprouting by 2–4 h, pea seed sprouting by 4–5 h on the average, and increased seedlings yield, raising thereby profitability of the process.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ACOUSTIC FREQUENCY ON BEAN GERMINATION AND GROWTH PROCESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
ALISA MOȘNEAGA ◽  
VALENTIN NEDEFF ◽  
PETRU LOZOVANU
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Acoustic Frequency ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Stimulate Plant Growth ◽  
Germination And Growth

In this work, research findings on processing bean seeds with sound waves in the range 0-9 kHz are presented. The process of germination has been examined for seeds soaked in heat treated water and plain water. In the initial stage, the conditions necessary to stimulate plant growth were created. The paper describes the experimental setup and the sound wave seed treatment procedure. The characteristics of the seed germination process were determined and compared with those of the control sample germination.

scholarly journals Toxic Effects of Chromium on Growth of some Paddy Varieties

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
M. Nagarajan ◽  
K. Sankar Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Chromium Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Cr Addition ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Plant Seedlings ◽  
Toxicity Effects

Chromium is a serious heavy metal and it is considered as an environmental hazard. Toxicity effects of chromium on growth and development of plants including inhibition of germination process decrease of growth and biomass of plant. The aim of this research is to study the accumulation of Cr and its effect on the Germination and growth of some paddy varieties. Thus, the varieties such as ADT-43, ADT-45, IR-50, TKM-9, CO-33, ASD-16 and CO-43 are grown in petriplates treated with different concentrations of Chromium (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L). After one week exposure the seedlings were removed and morphophysiological parameters like germination percentage, seedling length and dry weight of paddy varieties and accumulation of Cr were determined. The results indicated that the concentrations more than 100 mg/L chromium cause the reduction of morphophysiological parameters in the treatments rather than control and Cr addition in the cultures caused enhancement of chromium content in roots and shoots of plant seedlings. It was also noted that accumulation of chromium in the roots was much higher than the shoots of the paddy seedlings under treatment.

scholarly journals Effects of Natural Sorbents on the Germination and Early Growth of Grasses on Soils Contaminated by Potentially Toxic Elements

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1591
Author(s):  
Ingrid Turisová ◽  
Tatiana Kviatková ◽  
Katarzyna Możdżeń ◽  
Beata Barabasz-Krasny
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Natural Sorbents ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Germination And Growth

The reclamation of abandoned mining heaps rich in potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is critical for the environment. We carried out a laboratory experiment studying the effects of the addition of four natural sorbents (biochar, bentonite, chicken manure and organo-zeolitic substrate) to soils contaminated with PTEs, predominantly Cu, As and Sb, on the germination and growth of the autochthonous grasses Agrostis capillaris, A. stolonifera, Festuca rubra and Poa pratensis. The experiment used Petri dish tests with water extracts of contaminated soil and soil neutralised with the four sorbents. Standard indexes of the germination process were used (germination percentage, time required for 50% germination index, speed of emergence), and different values were found depending on the plant species and sorbent used. However, the percentage of seeds germinating was lower for each sorbent compared to the control (distilled water). The fresh mass values were positively stimulated by all sorbents. Electrolyte leakage was the highest in seedlings watered with an extract of untreated soil from the heap compared to extracts from treated soils and the control. This can be interpreted as eliminating the harmful effects of increased potentially toxic element (PTE) contents by sorbents, which can be useful in remediation processes.

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