Toxic Effects of Chromium on Growth of some Paddy Varieties

Chromium is a serious heavy metal and it is considered as an environmental hazard. Toxicity effects of chromium on growth and development of plants including inhibition of germination process decrease of growth and biomass of plant. The aim of this research is to study the accumulation of Cr and its effect on the Germination and growth of some paddy varieties. Thus, the varieties such as ADT-43, ADT-45, IR-50, TKM-9, CO-33, ASD-16 and CO-43 are grown in petriplates treated with different concentrations of Chromium (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L). After one week exposure the seedlings were removed and morphophysiological parameters like germination percentage, seedling length and dry weight of paddy varieties and accumulation of Cr were determined. The results indicated that the concentrations more than 100 mg/L chromium cause the reduction of morphophysiological parameters in the treatments rather than control and Cr addition in the cultures caused enhancement of chromium content in roots and shoots of plant seedlings. It was also noted that accumulation of chromium in the roots was much higher than the shoots of the paddy seedlings under treatment.

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Effect of Chromium on Growth, Biochemicals and Nutrient Accumulation of Paddy (Oryza sativa L.)

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.23.63 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 63-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. Nagarajan ◽

K. Sankar Ganesh

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Chromium Content ◽

Control Plant ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Nutrient Accumulation ◽

Germination Process ◽

Cr Addition ◽

Plant Seedlings ◽

Toxicity Effects

Chromium is a heavy metal; this element is considered as an environmental hazard. Toxicity effects of chromium on growth and development of plants including inhibition of germination process decrease of growth and biomass of plant. The aim of this research is to study accumulation of Chromium along with nutrients and its effect on the growth of Paddy plant (Oryza sativa L). Thus, paddy seedlings grown in petriplates lined with filter paper undergoing, different treatments of Cr (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 mg/L). After one week seedlings were removed and morpho physiological parameters like root length, shoot length and dry weight of plants and Biochemicals ,accumulation of nutrients along with Cr in roots and shoots were determined. The results indicated that the concentrations more than 100 mg/L chromium cause the reduction of morphophysiology parameters in the treatment plants rather than control plant and Cr addition in the cultures caused enhancement of chromium content in roots and shoots of plant seedlings. Similarly the biochemicals and nutrient accumulation also affected by increasing concentrations of chromium. It was also noted that accumulation of chromium in the roots was much higher than the shoots of the seedlings under treatment.

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ALLELOPATHIC INFLUENCE OF TRIANTHIMA PORTULACASTRUM L. ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTAL RESPONSES OF SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L.)

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj222 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 183-186

Author(s):

Prabhakaran J ◽

Kavitha D

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Sesamum Indicum ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Chlorophyll Contents ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Developmental Responses

An experiment was conducted in order to determine the allelopathic effects of the aqueous extract of Trianthima portulacastrum L.on the seed germination, seedling growth and chlorophyll content ofsesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Greenhouse experiment was carried out as RCBD (Randomized complete block design)with four replications. Treatments included 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% (W/W) residues of whole plant of T.portulacastrum with normal field soil. Results showed that the low concentrations of T.portulacastrum had no significant effect on the germination percentage, seedling length, dry weight, total chlorophyll contents at lower concentration(1%) of weed residues. However, treatments with higher concentrations had negative effects on germination, growth and seedling dry weight of sesame.

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ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF WEED SPEICES AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. AND CLEOME VISCOSA L. ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF SESAMUM INDICUM L

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj106 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 114-117

Author(s):

Anbarasan R ◽

Prabhakaran J

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Sesamum Indicum ◽

Weed Species ◽

Ageratum Conyzoides ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Germination And Growth ◽

Cleome Viscosa

Various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of aqueous extracts prepared from two weed species namely Ageratum conyzoides L. and Cleome viscosa L. and used for the present experiments to determine their allelopathic potential on growth and developmental changes on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The weed extracts showed an inhibitory effect on germination percentage, root and shoot growth, and fresh and dry weight of sesame seedlings. The extracts of A.conyzoides had more inhibitory effect at 20%concentration,than that of C.viscosa on growth parameters of sesame.

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Development of priming technology for enhanced planting value of seeds in kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v13i2.2507 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 735-743

Author(s):

Umesh Hiremath ◽

Basave Gowda ◽

Lokesh G.Y . ◽

B. S. Ganiger

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Seedling Vigour ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Vigour Index

The continuous rise in global population demands more food production under limited land resources accompanied by climate change. More oversupply of quality seeds to meet ever-growing food demand is a highly challenging task. Seeds with low vigour level limit the growth and yield of crops at varied field conditions. Hence, an experiment was conducted to develop a technique for the fast and homogeneous growth of kabuli chickpea seeds. The priming treatments evaluated in the present study enhanced the various seed quality parameters of kabuli chickpea significantly when compared to control. Hydro-priming for 4 hours (at 20°C) and air drying for 72 hours showed better results compared to rest of the treatments both in fresh seeds which recorded higher first count (66.38%), germination (92.50%) root length (11.85 cm), shoot length (6.16), mean seedling length (18.01), dry seedling weight (747 mg), seedling vigour index-I (1665), higher speed of emergence (0.3992) and old seeds with higher first count (61.88%), germination (74.13%) root length (8.15 cm), shoot length (5.85 cm), mean seedling length (14.00 cm), seedling dry weight (611 mg), seedling vigour index-I (1056), higher speed of emergence (0.3814). The aged seeds have recorded 29 % increase in germination percentage in contrast to 8 percent increases in fresh seeds. Kabuli chickpea seeds could be subjected to hydropriming, an affordable, alternative, and eco-friendly technique for improving seed and seedling vigour of kabuli chickpea.

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Effects of lead on seedling growth of spesia populnea

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/147/2009-pse ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 194-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. Kabir ◽

M.Z. Iqbal ◽

M. Shafiq ◽

Z.R. Farooqi

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Root Length ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Strong Influence ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Thespesia Populnea ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Number Of Leaves

The effects of lead on root, shoot and seedling length, leaf area, number of leaves, plant circumference, seedling dry weight, root/shoot and leaf area ratios of Thespesia populnea L. were determined in greenhouse under natural environmental conditions with and without phytotoxic metal ions at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 µmol/l. Lead treatments have a strong influence on the growth and development of T. populnea by reducing significantly (P < 0.05) all the above parameters. Lead treatment at 5–25 µmol/l produced significant (P < 0.05) effects on seedling and root length, plant circumference and seedling dry weight of T. populnea, while lead treatment at 10–25 µmol/l produced significant (P < 0.05) effects on shoot length, number of leaves and leaf area as compared to control. Tolerance in T. populnea seedling at 25 µmol/l of lead treatment was lowest as compared to all other treatments.

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Salicylic acid and its method of application affect germination and vigor in bell pepper seedlings under salt stress

Colloquium Agrariae ◽

10.5747/ca.2020.v16.n6.a412 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 101-110

Author(s):

Sebastião de Oliveira Maia Júnior ◽

Jailma Ribeiro de Andrade ◽

Ronaldo do Nascimento ◽

Robson Felipe de Lima ◽

Elka Costa Santos Nascimento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Nacl Stress ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Relative Water ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Total Dry Weight ◽

Germination And Growth

This study investigated the effect of two salicylic acid application methods (seed immersion and wetting) on the germination and growth characteristics ofcv. All Big bell pepper seedlings exposed to 0 or 100 mM of NaCl.The experimentwas conducted in aBiochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)incubator, using a completely randomized designwith eight treatments (immersionin salicylic acid or distilled water and wettingwith salicylic acid or water, in conjunction with 0 or 100 mMof NaCl) and four repetitions.The results indicated that under non-salineconditions, wetting with salicylic acid (SA) inhibited germination and seedling length, whereas NaCl stress reduced the germination, growth, total dry weight and vigor of seedlings.However, SA application, especially by wetting, mitigated the toxic effects of NaCl in bell pepper seedlings,improving relative water content and radicle length, as well as total length, dry weight and vigor.This study highlights the potential benefits of SA, particularly when applied via wetting, in attenuating phytotoxicity caused by NaCl stress and its effect on the germination, growth and vigor of bell pepper seedlings.

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PENGGUNAAN SARI UMBI BAWANG MERAH DALAM PEMBIBITAN PAPAYA

Caraka Tani Journal of Sustainable Agriculture ◽

10.20961/carakatani.v30i2.11888 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Faryska Nur Ichsan ◽

Djoko Purnomo ◽

Linajanti Darsono

Keyword(s):

Technology Development ◽

High Technology ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Healthy Life ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Length Width ◽

Experiment Unit ◽

Germination And Growth ◽

Papaya Seed

Community awareness in healthy life is increasing by consuming nutritious food through such as fruit. So it is necessary for increasing the availability of fruit either by cultivation expansion or technology development. The production life of papaya crop approximately three years only, so that replanting takes relatively fast. But there is some limitations mainly the availability of suitable seedling (age and uniformity). For improving the availability of suitable papaya seedling can be used gibberellin as growth regulator substance. But gibberellin in pure analysis limitations are expensive, not always available, and high technology in application. The aim of the research was to test of shallot juice (1 kg of shallot bulbs destroyed by juicer) as gibberellin substitute for improving papaya seedling. The experiment was conducted at terrace house, consist of percentage and speed of germination and growth of seedling observation after seed soaked 2 hours in shallot juice several concentration treatment. Test of the germination percentage and speed conducted for 10 seeds on pastur paper in petridish (11.5 diameter) as germination media. The experiment for growth seedling was arranged in randomized completely design which the treatments are: seed soaked in water, soaked in 5, 10, 15, dan 20 ml l-1 shallot juice concentration, and soaked in gibberellin 10 ppm. Each of the experiment unit consist of 8 seedlings which planted on trypot (composite of plastic pots by size 5.5x5.5 cm at surface, 5.5 cm height, and 2,5x2,5 cm at the base, each of traypot consist of 32 pots). So in each of tray pot there are 8 experimental units, each of experimental unit repliclated 3 times. Traypot and petridish at terrace house shaded by woven plastic 65%, by size 2.5x1.5x2.0 m (length, width, and height). Yield of the research showed that shallot juice potential as gibberellin replacement in papaya nursery. Response of papaya seed (percentage and speed of germination) and seedling (length of root, stem diameter, number of leafs, leaf area, and weight of biomass) to 15 ml l-1 shallot juice equal with gibberellin 10 ppm.

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Effect of seed priming with kinetin on germination indices and proline activity of Silybum marianum L. under drought stress conditions

International Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.3126/ijls.v9i1.11919 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 6-11

Author(s):

Abolfazl Masoumi Zavariyan ◽

Mojtaba Yousefi Rad ◽

Mohsen Asghari

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Silybum Marianum ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Germination Indices

For investigation of the effect of seed priming by kinetin on germination indices and proline activity of Silybum marianum L. under drought stress, factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with two factor includingdifferent concentrations of kinetin (0, 10 and 20 ppm) and different levels of drought stress including 0, -6 and -12 barat three replicates was carried out. According to the results, drought stress and kinetin individualy cause to decreases of germination percentage, germination rate, seedling length, seed vigor and seedling dry weight but uses of kinetin in drought stress condition improvment of them. Also, drought stress cause to increases of proline content and catalase activity. Therefore, seed priming with 10 ppm kinetin at drought stress was improved the germination indices of Silybum marianum L.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i1.11919 International Journal of Life Sciences Vol.9(1) 2015 6-11

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The Effect of Halo- and Hydro-Priming on Germination Characteristics of Millet Seeds Under Salinity Stress

Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova ◽

10.2478/cerce-2014-0015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 41-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.A. Aghbolaghi ◽

M. Sedghi

Keyword(s):

Salinity Stress ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Germination Characteristics ◽

Normal Seedling ◽

Four Levels

Abstract Low seed germination and seedling emergence is one of the main problems in saline areas. Seed priming technique has been known as a challenge to improve germination and seedling emergence under different environmental stresses. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of seed priming with NaCl and water on growth and seed reserve utilization of millet seeds under salinity stress. Treatments were combinations of four levels of salinity stress (0, ⊟4, ⊟8 and ⊟12 bar) and three levels of seed priming and control with three replicates. Results showed that with increase in salinity stress, germination components such as germination percentage, germination index, mean time to germination, normal seedling percentage, seedling length, seedling dry weight of utilized (mobilized) seed and seed reserve utilization efficiency decreased, but seed priming showed lower reduction. The highest germination characteristics and seed reserve utilization was obtained by halo-priming in control conditions. It is concluded that priming results in improvement in germination components of millet in salinity stress conditions.

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Effects of Natural Sorbents on the Germination and Early Growth of Grasses on Soils Contaminated by Potentially Toxic Elements

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9111591 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1591

Author(s):

Ingrid Turisová ◽

Tatiana Kviatková ◽

Katarzyna Możdżeń ◽

Beata Barabasz-Krasny

Keyword(s):

Toxic Elements ◽

Poa Pratensis ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Potentially Toxic Elements ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Natural Sorbents ◽

Germination Process ◽

Time Required ◽

Germination And Growth

The reclamation of abandoned mining heaps rich in potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is critical for the environment. We carried out a laboratory experiment studying the effects of the addition of four natural sorbents (biochar, bentonite, chicken manure and organo-zeolitic substrate) to soils contaminated with PTEs, predominantly Cu, As and Sb, on the germination and growth of the autochthonous grasses Agrostis capillaris, A. stolonifera, Festuca rubra and Poa pratensis. The experiment used Petri dish tests with water extracts of contaminated soil and soil neutralised with the four sorbents. Standard indexes of the germination process were used (germination percentage, time required for 50% germination index, speed of emergence), and different values were found depending on the plant species and sorbent used. However, the percentage of seeds germinating was lower for each sorbent compared to the control (distilled water). The fresh mass values were positively stimulated by all sorbents. Electrolyte leakage was the highest in seedlings watered with an extract of untreated soil from the heap compared to extracts from treated soils and the control. This can be interpreted as eliminating the harmful effects of increased potentially toxic element (PTE) contents by sorbents, which can be useful in remediation processes.

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