Genetic Variation and Trait Correlations for Fruit Weight, Firmness and Color Parameters in Wild Accessions of Fragaria chiloensis

Fragaria chiloensis is an herbaceous perennial undomesticated species with a high potential for sustainable fruit production in areas where drought and salinity represent a constraint on crop growth and productivity. The present study aimed to examine the genetic variability of fruit weight, firmness and color parameters (L*, a*, b*, Hue angle and Chroma) in wild-collected accessions from south-central Chile. A Bayesian analysis of genetic parameters showed that the traits under study were found to be moderately to highly heritable with estimates from the marginal posterior distributions ranging between 0.26 (firmness) and 0.67 (L*). Interestingly, Hue and Chroma had relatively high values of broad-sense heritability, with the Bayesian credible set: H 2 = 0.53–0.76 and H 2 = 0.42–0.66, respectively. A Bayesian bi-trait analysis showed a positive genetic correlation ( r ^ g = 0.65, probability of the posterior samples <0.05) between fruit weight and Hue, which agreed with the existence of two pleiotropic loci [from simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers FvH4045 and CFACT084 on linkage groups FG3A and FG2A/2B/2C] with probabilities of the posterior estimates of 0.022 and <0.001, respectively. According to the Bayesian credible region, 5 (of 12) correlation estimates were significantly different from zero. Hue and Chroma showed a high and negative genetic correlation ( r ^ g = −0.762), but no significant pleotropic locus. The results are promising and suggest that the genetic variation found among wild populations of F. chiloensis supports the idea of domesticating this crop for sustainable fruit production systems.

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Particle Film Application Influences Apple Leaf Physiology, Fruit Yield, and Fruit Quality

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.126.2.175 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 126 (2) ◽

pp. 175-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

D. Michael Glenn ◽

Gary J. Puterka ◽

Stephen R. Drake ◽

Thomas R. Unruh ◽

Allen L. Knight ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Production Systems ◽

Carbon Assimilation ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Leaf Physiology ◽

Malus Sylvestris ◽

Tree Fruit

Particle film technology is a developing pest control system for tree fruit production systems. Trials were performed in Santiago, Chile, and York Springs, Pa., Wenatchee and Yakima, Wash., and Kearneysville, W. Va., to evaluate the effect of particle treatments on apple [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh) Manst.] leaf physiology, fruit yield, and fruit quality. Leaf carbon assimilation was increased and canopy temperatures were reduced by particle treatments in seven of the eight trials. Yield and/or fruit weight was increased by the particle treatments in seven of the eight trials. In Santiago and Kearneysville, a* values of the fruit surface were more positive in all trials although a* values were not increased in Wenatchee and Yakima. Results indicate that particle film technology is an effective tool in reducing heat stress in apple trees that may result in increased yield potential and quality.

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Hydrophobic Particle Films Improve Tree Fruit Productivity

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.548a ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 548a-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D.M. Glenn ◽

G. Puterka ◽

T. Baugher ◽

T. Unruh ◽

S. Drake

Keyword(s):

West Virginia ◽

Production Systems ◽

Fruit Size ◽

The United States ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Red Color ◽

Tree Fruit ◽

Fruit Productivity ◽

Leaf Level ◽

Hydrophobic Particle

Hydrophobic particle film technology (HPF) is a developing pest control system for tree fruit production systems. Studies were established in Chile, and Washington, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia in the United States, to evaluate the effect of HPF technology on tree fruit yield and quality. Studies in Chile, Washington, and West Virginia demonstrated increased photosynthetic rate at the leaf level. Yield was increased in peaches (Chile) and apples (West Virginia), and fruit size was increased in apples (Washington and Pennsylvania). Increased red color in apple was demonstrated at all sites with reduced russetting and `Stayman' cracking in Pennsylvania. HPF technology appears to be an effective tool in reducing water and heat stress in tree fruit resulting in increased fruit quality.

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Morphological and Biochemical Diversity in Fruits of Unsprayed Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis Ecotypes Found in Different Agroecological Conditions

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13148060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 8060

Author(s):

Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk ◽

Sezai Ercisli ◽

Neva Karatas ◽

Halina Ekiert ◽

Hosam O. Elansary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Soluble Solid Content ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Important Species ◽

Total Anthocyanin ◽

Rosa Canina

The Rosa is one of the most diverse genera in the plant kingdom and, in particular, its fruits have been used for multiple purposes in different parts of the world for centuries. Within the genus, Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis are, economically, the most important species and dominate Rosa fruit production. In this study, some important fruit and shrub traits of ten Rosa canina and ten Rosa dumalis ecotypes collected from rural areas of Kars province, located in the east Anatolia region of Turkey were investigated. We found significant differences among ecotypes in most of the morphological and biochemical traits. The ecotypes were found between 1446–2210 m altitude. Fruit weight and fruit flesh ratio ranged from 2.95 g to 4.72 g and 62.55% to 74.42%, respectively. SSC (Soluble Solid Content), Vitamin C, total phenolic, total flavonoid, total carotenoid, and total anthocyanin content of the ecotypes ranged from 16.9–22.7%, 430–690 mg per 100 g FW (fresh weight), 390–532 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g FW, 0.88–2.04 mg per g FW, 6.83–15.17 mg per g FW and 3.62–7.81 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent per kg, respectively. Antioxidant activity was determined to be between 19.7–34.7 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per g fresh weight. Rosa ecotypes contained chlorogenic acid and rutin the most as phenolic compound. Our results indicated great diversity within both R. canina and R. dumalis fruits.

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Precision management of pollination services to blueberry crops

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-00068-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

P. Cavigliasso ◽

P. Negri ◽

M. Viel ◽

M. M. Graziani ◽

C. Challiol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Key Management ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Strength Distribution ◽

Pollination Services ◽

Precision Management ◽

Fruit Productivity ◽

Account Due ◽

Pollination Systems ◽

Large Groups

AbstractWhile the cultivated area of pollinator-dependent crops is increasing, pollinator availability is decreasing, leading to problems in many agroecosystems. For this reason, pollinator-dependent crop growers often rent beehives to support their pollination requirements to sustain fruit productivity. However, the efficiency of those pollination systems has not been extensively studied. Here, we compared the effect of “precision” pollination (i.e., application of pesticides coordinated with growers, audit of hives, dietary supplementation and individual distribution of hives) with conventional practices (i.e., pesticides applications without coordination with growers and no audit of hives, low maintenance of hives and hives distributed in large groups) on the mean level of pollination and fruit production and quality in blueberry crops. In nine blueberry fields, we measured bee visitation rate to flowers, fruit set, fruit firmness and fruit weight. On average, precision-pollinated plots had 70% more bee visits to flowers and produced 13% more fruits that were 12% heavier and 12% firmer than those obtained through conventional practices. These results showed that pollination efficiency could be improved if key management related to bee strength, distribution and health care are taken into account. Due to these results, we encourage growers and beekeepers to include precision pollination practices to both increase the productivity of blueberry fields and the wellbeing of honey bees within agroecosystems.

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Influence of vineyard peach selections on vigour and initial yield in peach and nectarine

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1301011z ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 11-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gordan Zec ◽

Milica Fotiric-Aksic ◽

Slavica Colic ◽

Todor Vulic ◽

Dragan Nikolic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

Principal Component ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Open Pollination ◽

Fruit Productivity ◽

F1 Generation

Seedlings (progenies) of eight selected vineyard peach genotypes obtained by self and open pollination were examined in this study during three consecutive years. Two progenies from unselected vineyard peach genotypes with different geographic origin were used as a standard. Peach cv. Autumn Glo and nectarine cv. Stark Red Gold were grafted on F1 generation of eight vineyard peach selections and two standard progenies. Analysis of variance indicated statistically significant differences in vigour and fruit productivity between fruit trees grafted on different progenies of vineyard peach selections. A high correlation was found between rootstock vigour and fruit production of grafted cultivars. In addition, the principal component analysis made it possible to establish similar groups of rootstocks, depending on its influence to vigour, productivity and indexes of efficiency of grafted peach and nectarine cultivar. The most promising rootstocks for those two cultivars were PSK and 7S because grafted AG and SRG have high fruit weight, initial yields and very satisfactory rootstock, scion and canopy efficiency.

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STUDIES ON THE VARIABILITY OF THE PRODUCTIVITY COMPONENTS IN A COLLECTION OF HOT PEPPER LANDRACES (CAPSICUM ANUUM VAR. MICROCARPUM)

Current Trends in Natural Sciences ◽

10.47068/ctns.2021.v10i19.027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (19) ◽

pp. 201-208

Author(s):

Emilian Madoşă ◽

Lavinia Sasu ◽

Sorin Ciulca ◽

Constantin Avădanei ◽

Adriana Ciulca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Plant Production ◽

Average Weight ◽

Hot Pepper ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Hot Peppers ◽

Biometric Measurements ◽

Western Romania

The aim of the research was to evaluate the variability value of the main characters that contribute to the achievement of plant production to a collection of hot pepper genotypes. The biological material was composed of 17 landraces of hot peppers collected from western Romania. The study was conducted for two years, with biometric measurements on the morphological characteristics of fruit production on the plant. Intra-population variability was assessed (mean, standard deviation of mean and coefficient of variability) and differences between populations for these characters. The results show that the variability within the collection is high. Within populations, fruit sizes (length, diameter) are uniform, but the number of fruits and their weight per plant show greater variability. Within the collection, variations in morphological characteristics are large, especially for fruit length, fruit weight, number and weight of fruit per plant. Among the landraces studied, some may be recommended for breeding programs, as parents or as material for the application of selection: for long fruits (Juliţa, Aldeşti I and Satchinez I), for short fruits (Satchinez III), but also the landraces Rieni III (17.07 g average weight of the fruit), Temerești II (89.82 fruits per plant), Aldești I (931.17 g fruits per plant).

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RIB AND VERTEBRAL NUMBERS IN SWINE: II. GENETIC ASPECTS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas62-037 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 240-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

H. T. Fredeen ◽

J. A. Newman

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Correlation ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Bilateral Asymmetry ◽

Vertebral Number

Genetic parameters for rib and vertebral number in swine were estimated from data for 4,219 pigs produced by 78 sires and 359 dams of the Lacombe breed. Regressions of offspring on mid-parent were.599 ±.017 for vertebral number and.734 ±.020 for rib number and the corresponding full sib correlations estimated from the analysis of variance were.591 ±.071 and.591 ±.060. The genetic correlation between these two skeletal traits was estimated as.813 ±.022 by the regression of offspring on mid-parent and.792 ±.016 by the analysis of components of covariance.Continuous genetic variation for both traits was demonstrated. The modal phenotype (i.e., 16 pairs of ribs and 22 vertebrae) produced progeny more uniform for both traits than did parents of non-modal phenotypes. Bilateral asymmetry (within-pig variance) was also least among progeny of "modal" parents.

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Genetic and Environmental Variation of Ridge-Counts on Fingers, Palms, Soles and Toes: A Twin Study

Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae twin research ◽

10.1017/s0001566000007054 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 531-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R.L. Jantz ◽

H. Brehme ◽

K. Bender

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Correlation ◽

Twin Study ◽

Environmental Variation ◽

Covariance Matrices ◽

Twin Data ◽

Correlation Matrices ◽

Reciprocal Interaction ◽

Genetic Components

AbstractA multivariate procedure for estimating heritable components from twin data was applied to ridge counts obtained from the entire dermatoglyphic system. Covariance matrices of MZ and DZ within-pair differences were used to estimate genetic correlation matrices for 20 finger ridge counts, 6 palmar interdigital counts, 20 toe counts, 4 hallucal counts, and 6 sole interdigital counts. The proportion of genetic variation was found to be greater in ridge counts of patterns than in ridge counts of interdigital areas. On digits, finger counts are more highly heritable than toe counts. Each of the dermatoglyphic areas yielded several independent genetic components, ranging from general to specific. Environmental variation was found to be local and to frequently involve reciprocal interaction between twin pairs.

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ADDITIVE VARIATION MAINTAINED UNDER STABILIZING SELECTION: A TWO-LOCUS MODEL OF PLEIOTROPY FOR TWO QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/112.3.717 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 112 (3) ◽

pp. 717-725

Author(s):

A Gimelfarb

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Correlation ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

Pleiotropic Effects ◽

Stabilizing Selection ◽

Locus Model ◽

Quantitative Characters

ABSTRACT A model with two diallelic loci controlling two additive quantitative characters is suggested. One of the loci has a similar effect on both characters, whereas the second locus has an antagonistic effect on the two characters. Both characters experience direct stabilizing selection. The model yields a stable polymorphic state, with both characters maintaining genetic variation. The genetic correlation between the characters at the equilibrium is zero, in spite of the pleiotropic effects of the loci controlling them.

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