scholarly journals Association of Equine Herpesvirus 5 with Mild Respiratory Disease in a Survey of EHV1, -2, -4 and -5 in 407 Australian Horses

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3418
Author(s):  
Charles El-Hage ◽  
Zelalem Mekuria ◽  
Kemperly Dynon ◽  
Carol Hartley ◽  
Kristin McBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Quantitative Difference ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Equine Influenza ◽  
Influenza Outbreak ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
History Of

Equine herpesviruses (EHVs) are common respiratory pathogens in horses; whilst the alphaherpesviruses are better understood, the clinical importance of the gammaherpesviruses remains undetermined. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of, and any association between, equine respiratory herpesviruses EHV1, -2, -4 and -5 infection in horses with and without clinical signs of respiratory disease. Nasal swabs were collected from 407 horses in Victoria and included clinically normal horses that had been screened for regulatory purposes. Samples were collected from horses during Australia’s equine influenza outbreak in 2007; however, horses in Victoria required testing for proof of freedom from EIV. All horses tested in Victoria were negative for EIV, hence archived swabs were available to screen for other pathogens such as EHVs. Quantitative PCR techniques were used to detect EHVs. Of the 407 horses sampled, 249 (61%) were clinically normal, 120 (29%) presented with clinical signs consistent with mild respiratory disease and 38 (9%) horses had an unknown clinical history. Of the three horses detected shedding EHV1, and the five shedding EHV4, only one was noted to have clinical signs referable to respiratory disease. The proportion of EHV5-infected horses in the diseased group (85/120, 70.8%) was significantly greater than those not showing signs of disease (137/249, 55%). The odds of EHV5-positive horses demonstrating clinical signs of respiratory disease were twice that of EHV5-negative horses (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.25 to 3.16). No quantitative difference between mean loads of EHV shedding between diseased and non-diseased horses was detected. The clinical significance of respiratory gammaherpesvirus infections in horses remains to be determined; however, this survey adds to the mounting body of evidence associating EHV5 with equine respiratory disease.

scholarly journals Histopathological findings in horses with and without clinical signs of rhabdomyolysis with special reference to polysaccharide storage myopathy

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 660-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ludvikova ◽  
I.D. Wijnberg ◽  
P. Fictum ◽  
Z. Lukas ◽  
J.H. van der Kolk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Exertional Rhabdomyolysis ◽  
Fibre Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy ◽  
History Of

Objective of the study was to assess histopathological changes in horses with a clinical history of exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) with special reference to polysaccharide storage myopathy and to compare histopathological findings in horses with and without a clinical history of ER. In total 39 muscle samples were collected, from horses with a history of repeated episodes of exertional rhabdomyolysis (test group, 10 horses) and from horses without clinical signs of muscular disorders in their history (control group, 29 horses). Frozen muscle samples were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff with and without amylase digestion. Histopathologic changes (amylase resistant polysaccharide, subsarcolemmal glycogen, intracytoplasmic masses, subsarcolemmal vacuoles, fibre size variation and internal nuclei) were evaluated. There was a statistically significant difference between groups in the presence of subsarcolemmal amylase sensitive glycogen deposits (P ≤ 0.0001), the risk ratio was 5.22. Statistically significant differences between groups were not found regarding the presence of intracytoplasmic masses, subsarcolemmal vacuoles, amylase resistant polysaccharide, fibre size variation and internal nuclei. Presence of amylase resistant polysaccharide within muscle fibres of apparently healthy horses could be a manifestation of different phenotype expression of PSSM but also the insufficient specificity of this diagnostic criterion.

Lung lobe torsion in a cat with chronic feline asthma

1998 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
TL Dye ◽  
HD Teague ◽  
ML Poundstone
Keyword(s):  
Supportive Care ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
History Of

Lung lobe torsion, although rare in cats, can be seen as a sequela to chronic respiratory disease. Clinical signs may include lethargy, coughing, hemoptysis, and respiratory distress. Lung lobe torsion may be diagnosed using radiography, ultrasonography, contrast bronchography, bronchoscopy, or thoracoscopy. Stabilization with fluids, oxygen, and supportive care followed by thoracotomy and lobectomy of the affected lobe(s) are necessary for a successful outcome. Diagnosis and treatment of lung lobe torsion is described in a 12.5-year-old cat with a history of feline asthma.

scholarly journals Isolation of a Cytopathic Virus from Weak Pigs on Farms with a History of Swine Infertility and Respiratory Syndrome

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
In J. Yoon ◽  
Han S. Joo ◽  
William T. Christianson ◽  
Hyun S. Kim ◽  
James E. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Macrophage ◽  
Virus Isolation ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Swine Farms ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reference Serum

Severe clinical signs of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) of unknown cause were observed in several Minnesota swine farms between November 1990 and March 1991. Forty-five lung samples of weak pigs were collected from 13 swine farms, and virus isolation was attempted using swine alveolar macrophage (SAM) cultures. A cytopathic virus was isolated from 19 lung samples collected from 6 different farms. Four pregnant sows were infected intranasally with a tissue suspension from which virus was isolated, and 4 6-week-old pigs and 2 contact pigs were infected intranasally with 1 of the isolates. The 4 sows farrowed 12 stillborn and 32 normal pigs. Virus was recovered from 10 of 19 pigs examined. Infected 6-week-old pigs were clinically normal except for slightly elevated rectal temperatures and mild respiratory signs. No or mild interstitial pneumonic lesions were observed in inoculated pigs, but the lesion was obvious in the 2 contact pigs. Seroconversion was observed in sows and pigs as measured by indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA). Serologic identification of the isolates was carried out by IFA using reference serum prepared from an experimentally infected sow. A cytoplasmic fluorescence was observed on the SAM monolayers infected with each of the 19 different isolates. Fluorescence was also observed when the monolayers were tested with SIRS virus ATCC VR-2332-infected sow sera. Replication of the isolates was not affected in the medium containing 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine but was inhibited by treatment with ether. The isolates were relatively stable at 56 C and did not agglutinate with various erythrocytes tested. These results are similar to those of previous reports, and the isolates, designated as SIRS virus, were the cause of SIRS on the farms investigated.

scholarly journals Hypertrophic osteopathy associated with a bronchial foreign body (grass awn) in a dog: a case report

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 618-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Palumbo Piccionello ◽  
F. Dini ◽  
AM Tambella ◽  
M. Cerquetella ◽  
C. Vullo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Bone Lesion ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bone Apposition ◽  
Foreign Body Removal ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Grass Awn

A five-year-old dog was referred with a five-month history of lethargy, decreased appetite, cough and intermittent forelimb lameness. Radiographs revealed an intra-thoracic lesion and a marked periosteal bone apposition of the second digit on the left forelimb. As it was palisading and circumferential, the latter appeared typical of hypertrophic osteopathy (HO). A grass awn in a sub-lobar ramification of the right caudal bronchus was identified and removed by bronchoscopy. At three months follow-up, the digit appeared clinically normal. On radiographs the periosteal bone reaction had decreased, indicative of resolving hypertrophic osteopathy. Thoracic radiographs showed no abnormalities five months after foreign body removal and the bone lesion on the digit had disappeared. Successful treatment of the pulmonary foreign body abscess led to spontaneous regression of HO and eventually to complete resolution of clinical signs. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of HO secondary to a bronchial-pulmonary grass an abscess.

Diagnostic challenge: mare with clinical history of chronic respiratory disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 46-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Kessell ◽  
E Wilkes ◽  
S Raidal ◽  
EA Browne ◽  
K Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Renal toxic disease in a cat

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-144
Author(s):  
Alex dos Santos ◽  
◽  
Mariana Martins ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Hospitalization Period ◽  
History Of

Clinical History: This 8-month-old, male, mixed breed domestic shorthaired cat had a recent history of acute apathy and anorexia. It remained under hospital care for two days, during which it did not produce any urine. On the second day of hospitalization, another cat from the same household was brought in with similar clinical signs. These cats did not have any history of recent ingestion of antibiotics or other medication. Furthermore, they did not have any street or yard access since they were kept in an apartment. Both cats died spontaneously after a brief hospitalization period. Laboratory Findings: Marked increase of urea and creatinine in both cats was reported (values not informed). On abdominal ultrasound, both cats had perirenal edema, and small amount of free abdominal effusion was observed in this cat. Necropsy Findings: There was moderate amount of translucent, slightly yellowish fluid within the abdominal cavity, thoracic cavity and pericardial sac. There was moderate diffuse pulmonary edema. Moderate perirenal edema was observed bilaterally. The kidneys were diffusely swollen and pale (Fig. 1). On histopathologic exam, the cortical tubular epithelial cells were swollen, with hypereosinophilic cytoplasm and nuclear changes (karyolysis, pyknosis and karyorrhexis). These cells were frequently detached from the basement membrane. Some other tubular epithelial cells were swollen and markedly vacuolated. Accompanying these changes, multiple granular casts filled the tubular lumens in the cortical and medullar regions (Fig. 2).

scholarly journals Multifocal Equine Influenza Outbreak with Vaccination Breakdown in Thoroughbred Racehorses

Pathogens ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Gildea ◽  
Marie Garvey ◽  
Pamela Lyons ◽  
Rachel Lyons ◽  
Jacinta Gahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Antigenic Analysis ◽  
Equine Influenza ◽  
Influenza Outbreak ◽  
Thoroughbred Racehorses ◽  
Extensive Field

Equine influenza (EI) outbreaks occurred on 19 premises in Ireland during 2014. Disease affected thoroughbred (TB) and non-TB horses/ponies on a variety of premises including four racing yards. Initial clinical signs presented on 16 premises within a two-month period. Extensive field investigations were undertaken, and the diagnostic effectiveness of a TaqMan RT-PCR assay was demonstrated in regularly-vaccinated and sub-clinically-affected horses. Epidemiological data and repeat clinical samples were collected from 305 horses, of which 40% were reported as clinically affected, 39% were identified as confirmed cases and 11% were sub-clinically affected. Multivariable analysis demonstrated a significant association between clinical signs and age, vaccination status and number of vaccine doses received. Vaccine breakdown was identified in 31% of horses with up to date vaccination records. This included 27 horses in four different racing yards. Genetic and antigenic analysis identified causal viruses as belonging to Clade 2 of the Florida sublineage (FCL2). At the time of this study, no commercially available EI vaccine in Ireland had been updated in line with World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) recommendations to include a FCL2 virus. The findings of this study highlight the potential ease with which EI can spread among partially immune equine populations.

Bilateral juvenile renal dysplasia in a Norwegian Forest Cat

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Aresu ◽  
Renato Zanatta ◽  
Paola Pregel ◽  
Diego Caliari ◽  
Massimiliano Tursi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Renal Dysplasia ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Ultrasonographic Examination ◽  
History Of

Renal dysplasia is defined as a condition of disorganised development of renal parenchyma due to abnormal differentiation. The case of a 5-month-old intact male Norwegian Forest Cat with a history of polyuria and polydipsia is reported. Ultrasonographic examination showed a slight enlargement of kidneys. Biochemical parameters, haematological examinations and clinical signs were compatible with chronic renal failure (CRF). Histological examination was correlated with a primary tubular disorganisation and modification of glomerular compartment. The clinical history together with the histological lesions is consistent with bilateral juvenile renal dysplasia in this cat. To our knowledge, feline renal dysplasia has been reported in fetal infections with panleukopenia virus; no reports indicate the idiopathic origin in feline dysplastic lesions.

scholarly journals Primary hyperparathyroidism-Jaw tumor syndrome: a confusing and forgotten diagnosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doina Piciu ◽  
Andra Piciu ◽  
Elena Barbus ◽  
Claudiu Pestean ◽  
Maria Iulia Larg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Parathyroid Adenoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Superior Mediastinum ◽  
Mandibular Tumor ◽  
History Of ◽  
99Mtc Mibi

Background. Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by the excessive growth of parathormone secretion, its consequence being hypercalcemia. The parathyroid adenoma is responsible for over half of primary hyperparathyroidism cases. The mandibular tumor can be the initial sign in the case of primary hyperparathyroidism.Case presentation. We present the case of a 33 year old patient with history of a mandibular operated tumor, repetitive pathological fractures and hypercalcemia manifestations. The level of the parathormone at the first measurement indicated a very high value. The parathyroid scintigraphy with 99mTc-MIBI (methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile) evidenced a high uptake of the tracerin the superior mediastinum, suggestive for an ectopic parathyroid adenoma. The histopathological examination after surgery leads to the diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma. The association between the primary hyperparathyroidism, the mandibular tumour, the clinical history and the nuclear imaging lead to the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism – Jaw tumor syndrome.Conclusion. The hyperparathyroidism-Jaw tumor syndrome has a special clinical importance because of the severe and progressive symptomatology, and because of the risk of developing neoplasia of parathyroid glands, which have a reserved prognosis.

scholarly journals Efficacy of ozonized sunflower oil as treatment of canine generalized demodicosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 015-021
Author(s):  
Rodriguez Zullyt Zamora ◽  
Lemus Marielys ◽  
González Eduardo Fleitas ◽  
Lozano Oscar Ernesto Ledea
Keyword(s):  
Body Surface ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
The Body ◽  
Study Methods ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Background: The acaricidal action of Ozonized sunflower oil (OSO) has demonstrated in different clinical cases of different animal species, such as psoroptic rabbits and pig sarcoptic scabies and recently in demodesic goat. Objectives: This study evaluated the effectiveness of OSO as treatment for generalized demodicosis mange in dogs. Animals: Twenty dogs of different breeds, between six months and one year of age with generalized demodicosic mange that attended to Veterinary Clinic “José Luis Callejas” Havana, Cuba, during the year 2015, were included in the study. Methods: The demodicosis diagnostic was based on its clinical history, the mite’s presence by deep scraping and clinical signs. All cases had a history of receiving before conventional treatments without solution. OSO treatment was topically applied daily, every 12 hours, after shaving all affected areas. Monitoring of clinical signs, mite counting on scaling, pruritus and capillary regrowth (7, 14, 28, 56 and 84 days) were performed. Results: The results showed a significant reduction of mite counts, clinical signs and pruritus since the 7th day of application. The animals recovered the fur on more than 90% of the body surface. All the animals (100%) recovered from generalized demodesic mange in 84 days of treatment. Conclusion: The effectiveness and safety of OSO as election treatment of generalized demodicosis mange in dogs was demonstrated.

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