scholarly journals Dietary Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici MA18/5M Improves the Growth, Feed Performance and Antioxidant Status of Penaeid Shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris: A Growth-Ration-Size Approach

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3451
Author(s):  
Mathieu Castex ◽  
Eric Leclercq ◽  
Pierrette Lemaire ◽  
Liêt Chim
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Penaeid Shrimp ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Carbohydrate Utilization ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Free Glucose ◽  
Ration Size

Probiotics are increasingly documented to confer health and performance benefits across farmed animals. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a constant daily intake of the single-strain probiotic Pedicococcus acidilactici MA18/5M (4 × 108 CFU.day−1.kg−1 shrimp) fed over fixed, restricted ration sizes (1% to 6% biomass.day−1) on the nutritional performance and metabolism of adult penaeid shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris (initial body-weight, BWi = 10.9 ± 1.8 g). The probiotic significantly increased the relative daily growth rate (RGR) across all ration size s tested (Mean-RGR of 0.45 ± 0.08 and 0.61 ± 0.07% BWi.day−1 for the control and probiotic groups, respectively) and decreased the maintenance ration (Rm) and the optimal ration (Ropt) by 18.6% and 11.3%, respectively. Accordingly, the probiotic group exhibited a significantly higher gross (K1) and net (K2) feed conversion efficiency with average improvement of 35% and 30%, respectively. Enhanced nutritional performances in shrimps that were fed the probiotic P. acidilactici was associated with, in particular, significantly higher α-amylase specific activity (+24.8 ± 5.5% across ration sizes) and a concentration of free-glucose and glycogen in the digestive gland at fixed ration sizes of 3% and below. This suggests that the probiotic effect might reside in a better use of dietary carbohydrates. Interestingly, P. acidilactici intake was also associated with a statistically enhanced total antioxidant status of the digestive gland and haemolymph (+24.4 ± 7.8% and +21.9 ± 8.5%, respectively; p < 0.05). As supported by knowledge in other species, enhanced carbohydrate utilization as a result of P. acidilactici intake may fuel the pentose-phosphate pathway, generating NADPH or directly enhancing OH-radicals scavenging by free glucose, in turn resulting in a decreased level of cellular oxidative stress. In conclusion, the growth-ration method documented a clear contribution of P. acidilactici MA18/5M on growth and feed efficiency of on-growing L. stylirostris that were fed fixed restricted rations under ideal laboratory conditions. The effect of the probiotic on α-amylase activity and carbohydrate metabolism and its link to the shrimp’s antioxidant status raises interesting prospects to optimize dietary formulations and helping to sustain the biological and economic efficiency of the penaeid shrimp-farming industry.

scholarly journals Challenges in Controlling Vibriosis in Shrimp Farms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hethesh Chellapandian ◽  
Jeyachandran Sivakamavalli ◽  
A. Vijay Anand ◽  
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Penaeid Shrimp ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Live Feeds ◽  
The Impact

Recently the shrimp farming has blooming as a crucial counterpart in the aquaculture industry which contribute the remarkable role in sea food production as well economy of the country. However, this could be fluctuated every year through several circumstances such as unfavorable (Poor water and soil quality) environmental factors. The environmental factors includes disease causing bacterial pathogens in the soil and water which causes the bacterial diseases in the aquatic animals, like this hectic problems are prevented through bioaugmentation strategies. The pond environment plays a vital role in determining the healthy culture system, but there is high risk for manipulation by bacterial community which takes care of waste generated in the system through in situ bioremediation. Due to the impact of rapidly growing bacterial diseases of shrimps throughout the world, numerous studies have been carried out to find immunostimulants, immunomodulators and biotic component that can be used against vibrio causing pathogens, and can also be used as an alternative for antibiotics. Recent research focus towards the marine resources such as microalgae, seaweed, live feeds (like artemia, copepods, rotifers), bacteriophage, and probiotics have been found to have higher potential in reducing vibriosis. Eco-based shrimp farming includes green water technology, phage therapy bio-floc technology (BFT) and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), these methods hold a promising alternative to antibiotics in the near future. Bacterial diseases caused by vibrios have been reported in penaeid shrimp culture systems implicating at least 14 species and they are Vibrio harveyi, V. splendidus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, V. anguillarum, V. vulnificuslogei etc.

Penaeid shrimp (Penaeus monodon) culture in Bangladesh.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khandaker Huq ◽  
Shafiq-ur-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Penaeid Shrimp ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Saline Water Intrusion ◽  
Employment Generation

Abstract The shrimp (Penaeus monodon), locally known as bagda, is known as white gold for its high economic value in Bangladesh. The shrimp sector of Bangladesh is seen as having become important in economic terms, contributing significantly to foreign exchange earnings and employment generation in rural areas. P. monodon culture is practiced in the Bagerhat, Chokoria, Cox's Bazar, Khulna, Moheshkhali, Shatkhira and Teknaf regions and recently has been introduced in some coastal areas of Noakhali district. Three culture systems are found in Bangladesh, i.e. traditional, improved traditional and semi-intensive with production rates of 150-200, 250-400 and 2,000-2500 kg ha-1, respectively. Seed is collected from natural sources and is produced in hatcheries. There are 44 penaeid shrimp hatcheries in Bangladesh. The present shrimp fry production is 3.05 billion. More than 200,000 people are engaged in shrimp fry collection and marketing and more than 350,000 people are engaged in shrimp farming. Ancillary industries like shrimp hatcheries, feed industries, ice factories, processing factories, net industries and shrimp culture apparatus industries provide direct employment for 25,000-30,000 people. Adverse environmental impacts reported are reduction of grazing land and saline water intrusion due to mismanagement but these could be overcome by introducing environmentally friendly shrimp culture. As the climate of Bangladesh is favourable for P. monodon culture, it is necessary to give more attention to improve it as it will open a new horizon in the economy of the country.

IMPACT OF WHITE SPOT SYNDROME VIRUS DISEASE ON GILLS IN SHRIMP, PENAEUS MONODON

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. JAWALE ◽  
B.J. UGALE
Keyword(s):  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Penaeid Shrimp ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Gill Cells

Protozoan parasites cause problems in Penaeid shrimp culture and major impact on the shrimp farming industry.White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a major shrimp pathogen that also infects Penaeus monodon species was selected. Histological changes in the gill cells were studied. Histological techniques using paraffin embeded tissues as well as frozen tissues were used for identification of WSSV infection. Histological manifestation such as gill cells could be detected. The gill cells were marked and characteristic of WSSV infections were observed. The present investigation was focused on the virus infecting shrimp. The microscopic examinations of the histological preparation are presently used to detect WSSV zoothamnium.

scholarly journals Effects of a daily intake of one glass of red wine on biomarkers of antioxidant status, oxidative stress and inflammation in healthy adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. e127-e133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anette Karlsen ◽  
Lars Retterstøl ◽  
Petter Laake ◽  
Siv Kjølsrud-Bøhn ◽  
Leiv Sandvik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Healthy Adults

scholarly journals Carbohydrates digestion and metabolism in the spiny lobster (Panulirus argus): biochemical indication for limited carbohydrate utilization

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Rodríguez-Viera ◽  
Erick Perera ◽  
Vivian Montero-Alejo ◽  
Rolando Perdomo-Morales ◽  
Tsai García-Galano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Spiny Lobster ◽  
Panulirus Argus ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Metabolic Capacity ◽  
Carbohydrate Utilization ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Carbohydrate Level ◽  
Free Glucose ◽  
Different Tissues

As other spiny lobsters, Panulirus argus is supposed to use preferentially proteins and lipids in energy metabolism, while carbohydrates are well digested but poorly utilized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary carbohydrate level on digestion and metabolism in the spiny lobster P. argus. We used complementary methodologies such as post-feeding flux of nutrients and metabolites, as well as measurements of α-amylase expression and activity in the digestive tract. Lobsters readily digested and absorbed carbohydrates with a time-course that is dependent on their content in diet. Lobster showed higher levels of free glucose and stored glycogen in different tissues as the inclusion of wheat flour increased. Modifications in intermediary metabolism revealed a decrease in amino acids catabolism coupled with a higher use of free glucose as carbohydrates rise up to 20%. However, this effect seems to be limited by the metabolic capacity of lobsters to use more than 20% of carbohydrates in diets. Lobsters were not able to tightly regulate α-amylase expression according to dietary carbohydrate level but exhibited a marked difference in secretion of this enzyme into the gut. Results are discussed to highlight the limitations to increasing carbohydrate utilization by lobsters. Further growout trials are needed to link the presented metabolic profiles with phenotypic outcomes.

scholarly journals Synbiotic Matchmaking in Lactobacillus plantarum: Substrate Screening and Gene-Trait Matching To Characterize Strain-Specific Carbohydrate Utilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jori Fuhren ◽  
Christiane Rösch ◽  
Maud ten Napel ◽  
Henk A. Schols ◽  
Michiel Kleerebezem
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Carbohydrate Utilization ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Synbiotics are food supplements that combine probiotics and prebiotics to synergistically elicit a health effect in humans. Lactobacillus plantarum exhibits remarkable genetic and phenotypic diversity, in particular in strain-specific carbohydrate utilization capacities, and several strains are marketed as probiotics. We have screened 77 L. plantarum strains for their abilities to utilize specific prebiotic fibers, revealing variable and strain-specific growth efficiencies on isomalto- and galactooligosaccharides. We identified a single strain within the screening panel that was able to effectively utilize inulin and fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which did not support efficient growth of the rest of the strains. In the panel we tested, we did not find strains that could utilize arabinoxylooligosaccharides or sulfated fucoidan. The strain-specific growth phenotype on isomaltooligosaccharides was further analyzed using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, which revealed distinct substrate utilization phenotypes within the strain panel. The strain-specific phenotypes could be linked to the strains’ genotypes by identifying gene clusters coding for carbohydrate membrane transport systems that are predicted to be involved in the utilization of isomaltose and other (unidentified) oligosaccharides in the isomaltooligosaccharide substrate. IMPORTANCE Synbiotics combine prebiotics and probiotics to synergistically enhance the health benefits associated with these ingredients. Lactobacillus plantarum is encountered as a natural inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract, and specific strains are marketed as probiotics based on their strain-specific health-promoting activities. Strain-specific stimulation of growth through prebiotic substrates could enhance the persistence and/or activity of L. plantarum in situ. Our study establishes a high-throughput screening model for prebiotic substrate utilization by individual strains of bacteria, which can be readily employed for synbiotic matchmaking approaches that aim to enhance the intestinal delivery of probiotics through strain-specific, selective growth stimulation.

scholarly journals Acute Hepatopancreases Necrosis Diseases (AHPND) as Challenging Threat in Shrimp

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 978-991
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Penaeid Shrimp ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Pacific White Shrimp ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
The Pacific

White feces syndrome (WFS) is an emerging problem for penaeid shrimp farming industries in South East Asia countries. Outbreaks began in cultivated shrimp Penaeus (Penaeus) monodon, and Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei and spread progressively worldwide, although the disease's cause was unknown. In 2011 a case definition for AHPND (as acute hepatopancreatic necrosis diseases) and white fecal syndrome (WFS) were reported. The presence of white feces floating on water and clinical symptoms include pale empty gut region, reduced growth, movable shell, and black discoloration. The pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, with the major shrimp cultivable species globally, is currently in danger by a severe disease- WFS, which causes serious losses worldwide. It has been confirmed that the causative agent of WFS/AHPND is a bacterium that is a pathogen - probably Vibrio parahaemolyticus. This bacterium currently reported has acquired plasmids that encode lethal binary toxins PirA/PirB causing rapid death of infected shrimp. Additionally, this plasmid acquired some virulence factor which is directly related to pathogenicity. Further rapid diagnostic tests for early detection of WFS/AHPND pathogens will promote the production of hatchery and pond maintenance and contribute to the long-term explication of the disease's various aspects.

scholarly journals Microscopic Anatomy of the Lining of Hemal Spaces in the Penaeid Shrimp, Sicyonia ingentis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
Rachel Brittany Sidebottom ◽  
Sabi Bang ◽  
Gary Martin
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Fibrous Material ◽  
Penaeid Shrimp ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Extracellular Matrices ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Microscopic Anatomy ◽  
Different Types

The purpose of this paper is to present a morphological description of three different types of acellular material lining hemal spaces in a shrimp, providing a background for addressing future questions. The vasculature of the penaeid shrimp, Sicyonia ingentis, includes vessels leading from the heart into arteries which branch and expand into sinuses before returning hemolymph back to the heart. Early work showed that an endothelium was absent, and a basement membrane (BM) separated tissues from the hemolymph. Therefore, it was suggested that hemocytes could identify anything other than the BM as a “foreign” entity. This study demonstrates three major types of acellular material lining the hemal spaces of S. ingentis. Cardiomyocytes, digestive gland tubules, and abdominal muscle fibers are covered by BMs. Major arteries are lined by a fibrillin-like fibrous material. Finally, sheaths of collagenous connective tissues cover the heart and digestive gland as well as the outer surface of arteries, the gut, and gonad. Our understanding of hemocyte receptors and extracellular matrices in general have greatly expanded but the biochemical composition of the matrices lining crustacean hemal spaces, their role in regulating nutrient uptake, and the cells responsible for their deposition deserve further attention.

scholarly journals Application of a Bio-Economic-Engineering Model for Shrimp Mariculture Systems

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles M. Adams ◽  
Wade L. Griffin ◽  
John P. Nichols ◽  
Robert E. Brick
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Penaeid Shrimp ◽  
The United States ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Engineering Model ◽  
Coastal Regions

The culture of marine invertebrates, collectively termed mariculture, has received much attention as a new and potentially lucrative industry. Much research has been devoted to molluscs (oysters, clams, and mussels) and crustaceans (shrimp, crawfish, crabs, and lobsters) (Bardach, Ryther, and McLarney). In particular, effort has been directed to the development of a technologically and commercially feasible penaeid shrimp mariculture scheme (Broom; Mock and Murphy; Neal and Latapie; Parker and Conte; Wheeler). Results of extensive research efforts show promise that the technological feasibility of penaeid shrimp farming in Gulf coastal regions of the United States is near to being a reality.

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