scholarly journals Invasion and Dispersion of the Exotic Species Procambarus clarkii (Decapoda Cambaridae) in Yeongsan River Basin, South Korea

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3489
Author(s):  
Jong-Yun Choi ◽  
Seong-Ki Kim ◽  
Jeong-Cheol Kim ◽  
Jong-Hak Yun
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Dispersion Pattern ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
Ecosystem Risk

The introduction of exotic species negatively affects the distribution and interactions within local biological communities in an ecosystem and can threaten ecosystem health. This study aimed to provide the basic data required to manage P. clarkii in the Yeongsan River basin. We identified the dispersion pattern and evaluated the ecosystem risk of this newly introduced species. The distribution survey investigated Procambarus clarkii populations at 25 sites in the Yeongsan River basin over a four-year period. The initial introduction occurred in Jiseok Stream. The larvae of P. clarkii were most abundant in areas with a dense aquatic plant cover, whereas adults preferred silt/clay areas. The alterations in the water flow by the river refurbishment project (carried out in 2012) increased their preferred habitats and contributed to P. clarkii dispersion. However, stable isotope analysis showed that the dispersion has had little effect on the freshwater ecosystem. The interrelationship between P. clarkii (i.e., larvae and adults) and other biological communities has been limited. Although the rapid dispersion by P. clarkii in the Yeongsan River basin has not impacted the freshwater ecosystem, further ecological information is required on how to manage P. clarkii beyond this early stage of invasion.

Another Way of Early Pottery Distribution in Eastern Europe? Case Study of the Pezmog 4 Site, European Far Northeast

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 733-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor N Karmanov ◽  
Natalia E Zaretskaya ◽  
Alexander V Volokitin
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Early Pottery

A case study of the Neolithic comb ceramic site Pezmog 4 of the Kama culture presents a situation when results of radiocarbon dating change long-existing concepts concerning the development of archaeological events. Until the early 2000s, the chronology of the Kama culture, distributed mainly in the Kama and Vychegda River basins, has been based on comparative-typological analysis. Estimates of the age of this culture changed from the 3rd millennium BC in the 1950s to the 1st half of the 4th millennium BC by the 1990s. Research concerning the Pezmog 4 site in the central Vychegda River basin in 1999–2002 has abruptly changed this chronological understanding. The data obtained put the age of the early stage of Kama culture within the time range 5750–5620 cal BC and allowed us to propose the existence of another way of early pottery distribution in the forest zone of eastern Europe at the beginning of the 6th millennium BC. This innovation probably penetrated from the trans-Ural region.

Physical and chemical strain-hardening during faulting in poorly lithified sandstone: The role of kinematic stress field and selective cementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1183-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Pizzati ◽  
Fabrizio Balsamo ◽  
Fabrizio Storti ◽  
Paola Iacumin
Keyword(s):  
Stress Field ◽  
Strain Hardening ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Deformation Band ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Deformation Bands ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Diagenetic Evolution

Abstract In this work, we report the results of a multidisciplinary study describing the structural architecture and diagenetic evolution of the Rocca di Neto extensional fault zone developed in poorly lithified sandstones of the Crotone Basin, Southern Italy. The studied fault zone has an estimated displacement of ∼90 m and consists of: (1) a low-deformation zone with subsidiary faults and widely spaced deformation bands; (2) an ∼10-m-wide damage zone, characterized by a dense network of conjugate deformation bands; (3) an ∼3-m-wide mixed zone produced by tectonic mixing of sediments with different grain size; (4) an ∼1-m-wide fault core with bedding transposed into foliation and ultra-comminute black gouge layers. Microstructural investigations indicate that particulate flow was the dominant early-stage deformation mechanism, while cataclasis became predominant after porosity loss, shallow burial, and selective calcite cementation. The combination of tectonic compaction and preferential cementation led to a strain-hardening behavior inducing the formation of “inclined conjugate deformation band sets” inside the damage zone, caused by the kinematic stress field associated with fault activity. Conversely, conjugate deformation band sets with a vertical bisector formed outside the damage zone in response to the regional extensional stress field. Stable isotope analysis helped in constraining the diagenetic environment of deformation, which is characterized by mixed marine-meteoric signature for cements hosted inside the damage zone, while it progressively becomes more meteoric moving outside the fault zone. This evidence supports the outward propagation of fault-related deformation structures in the footwall damage zone.

scholarly journals Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool to Simulate the Pesticide Dynamics in the Data Scarce Guayas River Basin, Ecuador

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Cambien ◽  
Sacha Gobeyn ◽  
Indira Nolivos ◽  
Marie Anne Eurie Forio ◽  
Mijail Arias-Hidalgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

Agricultural intensification has stimulated the economy in the Guayas River basin in Ecuador, but also affected several ecosystems. The increased use of pesticides poses a serious threat to the freshwater ecosystem, which urgently calls for an improved knowledge about the impact of pesticide practices in this study area. Several studies have shown that models can be appropriate tools to simulate pesticide dynamics in order to obtain this knowledge. This study tested the suitability of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to simulate the dynamics of two different pesticides in the data scarce Guayas River basin. First, we set up, calibrated and validated the model using the streamflow data. Subsequently, we set up the model for the simulation of the selected pesticides (i.e., pendimethalin and fenpropimorph). While the hydrology was represented soundly by the model considering the data scare conditions, the simulation of the pesticides should be taken with care due to uncertainties behind essential drivers, e.g., application rates. Among the insights obtained from the pesticide simulations are the identification of critical zones for prioritisation, the dominant areas of pesticide sources and the impact of the different land uses. SWAT has been evaluated to be a suitable tool to investigate the impact of pesticide use under data scarcity in the Guayas River basin. The strengths of SWAT are its semi-distributed structure, availability of extensive online documentation, internal pesticide databases and user support while the limitations are high data requirements, time-intensive model development and challenging streamflow calibration. The results can also be helpful to design future water quality monitoring strategies. However, for future studies, we highly recommend extended monitoring of pesticide concentrations and sediment loads. Moreover, to substantially improve the model performance, the availability of better input data is needed such as higher resolution soil maps, more accurate pesticide application rate and actual land management programs. Provided that key suggestions for further improvement are considered, the model is valuable for applications in river ecosystem management of the Guayas River basin.

scholarly journals Estimation of nutrient contributions from the ocean across a river basin using stable isotope analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 5535-5557
Author(s):  
K. Nakayama ◽  
Y. Maruya ◽  
K. Matsumoto ◽  
M. Komata ◽  
K. Komai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
River Ecosystem ◽  
River Channels

Abstract. Since marine derived nutrients (MDN) are transported not only in river channels but also across the entire river basin, including via ground water and migratory animals, it is necessary to investigate the contribution of MDN to the forest floor (soils) in order to quantify the true role of MDN at the river ecosystem scale. This study investigated the contribution of pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum salmon (O. keta) to total oceanic nitrogen (TN) input across a river basin using stable isotope analysis (SIA) of nitrogen (δ15N). The contribution of TN entering the river basin by salmon was 23.8 % relative to the total amount of TN exported from the river basin, providing a first estimate of MDN export for a river basin. The contribution of nitrogen from the ocean to the river basin soils was between 22.9 and 23.8 %. Furthermore, SIA showed that the transport of oceanic TN by sea eagles (Haliaeetus spp.) was greater than that by bears (Ursus arctos), which had previously been that bears are thought to be the major animal transporter of nutrients in the northern part of Japan.

scholarly journals Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774): northeastern dispersal in the São Francisco basin, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Farias Oliveira Lima ◽  
Bárbara Ihorrana Alves Lacerda Brasil ◽  
Maria Júlia Martins-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Border Area ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
Melanoides Tuberculata ◽  
São Francisco River

Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda: Thiaridae) is the exotic species with the widest distribution among the freshwater macrobenthos in Brazil. The snail is a threat to native species and has medical and economical importance. In this study the occurrence of M. tuberculata is recorded and reported in the São Francisco River Basin, along a border area including three northeastern states of Brazil: Bahia, Sergipe and Alagoas. These data are especially important due to the new watercourses resulting from the integration of the São Francisco River to other regional basins.

scholarly journals Fish fauna of headwater streams that cross the Atlantic Forest of south São Paulo state

Check List ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Cetra ◽  
Walter Barrella ◽  
Francisco Langeani Neto ◽  
Abílio G. Martins ◽  
Bruno J. Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Headwater Streams ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
River Basins ◽  
The Other ◽  
Misgurnus Anguillicaudatus ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Paulo State

The fishes of the present study were collected in the headwater streams of the Sorocaba, Paranapanema and Ribeira de Iguape river basins during the dry period in 2010. A total of 2892 fishes, grouped in 53 species, were captured. The composition of the ichthyofauna captured in the streams of Sorocaba and Paranapanema river basin was greatly similar. On the other hand, the fish fauna of the streams of Ribeira de Iguape river basin were quite different from the ones captured in the others basins, with the occurrence of endangered species (Isbrueckerichthys epakmos and I. duseni) and exotic species (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus). The previous list of fish for the Sorocaba river basin increased with the addition of seven species of Characiformes, one Gymnotiformes and four Siluriformes.

Robust Infrastructure Sequencing and Management for Growing Food Energy and Water Demands in the Zambezi River Basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jazmin Zatarain Salazar ◽  
Federica Bertoni ◽  
Matteo Giuliani ◽  
Andrea Castelletti
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Food Energy ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
Zambezi River Basin ◽  
Zambezi River

<p>Fast population growth and economic development in several African countries is driving large infrastructure investments for growing energy, food and water demands which will likely strain existing ecosystem services.  To minimize negative impacts and guarantee long-term success and sustainability of these investments,  careful management and temporal planning of existing and new infrastructure is required. Our study focuses on the Zambezi River Basin (ZRB), a transboundary system supporting key economic growth and poverty reduction across its multiple riparian countries, while sustaining essential ecosystem services.  The ZRB currently encompasses five hydropower dams, with three additional dams planned. The goal of this study is to generate efficient pathways that allow the temporal sequencing of planned dam projects along with robust management strategies that balance food, energy and environmental demands. A participatory approach is adopted at an early stage by running a Negotiation Simulation Lab (NSL) to elicit stakeholders’ preferences and concerns supporting both model development and formulation of the optimization problem. Specifically, the pathway design is structured in three stages: first, optimal control policies are generated using Evolutionary Multi-objective Direct Policy Search for all possible combinations of dams projects; the time of construction is subsequently optimized, including the update of the system operation when a new dam is built, by balancing the benefits and the costs of additional infrastructure investments which are activated by projections of population growth triggering higher water and energy demands, finally promising policies are tested under a broad set of irrigation demand and streamflow scenarios. Our analysis shows that the rising demands cause all the planned dams to be built within the planning horizon from 2020-2060.  The study also indicates that the operational preferences are key since they dictate the system’s performance across multiple objectives and this behavior prevails under a larger suite of plausible future scenarios.  Overall, our study provides a novel approach that integrates infrastructure investment planning that can be coupled with cooperative operations to meet growing regional demands while involving stakeholders in crucial stages of the decision making process.</p><p> </p>

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