scholarly journals Development of Effective Antibacterial Treatment: Lessons from the Past and Novel Approaches

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Mariagrazia Di Luca ◽  
Tiziano Marzo
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Rapid Diffusion

In the last three decades, the appearance and rapid diffusion of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains have been observed [...]

Phage therapy for plant disease control with a focus on fire blight

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Nagy ◽  
Lóránt Király ◽  
Ildikó Schwarczinger
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
The Past ◽  
Plant Disease Control ◽  
American Authors

AbstractThe concept of using bacteriophages (bacterial viruses) as biocontrol agents in pest management emerged shortly after their discovery. Although research on phage-based biopesticides temporarily stopped with the advent of antibiotics, the appearance of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains led to a renewed interest in phage therapy for control of plant diseases. In the past twenty years numerous successful experiments have been reported on bacteriophage-based biocontrol measures, and several comprehensive studies have recently been published discussing detailed results of phage application practices in pest management, mainly from North American authors. The present review focuses on bacteriophage-mediated control of fire blight (caused by Erwinia amylovora (Burill) Winslow et al.), the most devastating bacterial disease of pome fruits. Research results from North America are discussed along with recent data from European laboratories.

scholarly journals 1564. Activity of bacteriophage against multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S782-S782
Author(s):  
Sailaja Puttagunta ◽  
Maya Kahan-Haanum ◽  
Sharon Kredo-Russo ◽  
Eyal Weinstock ◽  
Efrat Khabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Infection Types

Abstract Background The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing and carbapenem resistant (CR) Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) has significantly risen in all geographic regions. Infections due to these bacteria are associated with high mortality across different infection types. Even with newer options, there remains an unmet need for safe and effective therapeutic options to treat infections caused by ESBL and CR KP. Phage therapy offers a novel approach with an unprecedented and orthogonal mechanism of action for treatment of diseases caused by pathogenic bacterial strains that are insufficiently addressed by available antibiotics. Phage-based therapies confer a high strain-level specificity and have a strong intrinsic safety profile. Here we describe the identification of novel phages that can effectively target antibiotic resistant KP strains. Host range of the 21 phages on 33 strain KP panel via solid culture infectivity assays. Red marks resistance to infection while sensitivity to phage is marked in green Methods KP clinical strains were isolated from human stool specimens preserved in glycerol. Selective culturing was carried, followed by testing of individual colonies for motility, indole and urease production, sequenced and analyzed by Kleborate tool to determine antibiotic resistant genes. Natural phages were isolated from plaques that developed on susceptible bacterial targets, sequenced and characterized. Results Antibiotic-resistant KP strains encoding beta lactamase genes or a carbapenemase (n=33) were isolated from healthy individuals (n=3), and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (n=26) or primary sclerosing cholangitis (n=3). Isolates sequencing revealed bla CTX-M15 and/or bla SHV encoding strains and carbapenamase KPC-2. A panel of 21 phages targeting the beta-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing KP strains were identified. Phage sequencing revealed that all phages belong to the Caudovirales order and include 6 Siphoviridae, 14 Myoviridae, and 1 Podoviridae. In vitro lytic activity of the phages was tested on the isolated bacteria and revealed a coverage of 70% of the 33 isolated antibiotic resistant strains, >50% of which were targeted by multiple phages. Conclusion Collectively, these results demonstrate the feasibility of identifying phage with potent activity against antibiotic resistant KP strains, and may provide a novel therapeutic approach for treatment of ESBL and CR KP infections. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Polymeric Systems as Antimicrobial or Antifouling Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 4866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iolanda Francolini ◽  
Antonella Piozzi
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Polymeric Systems

The rapid increase in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains combined with a dwindling rate of discovery of novel antibiotic molecules has lately created an alarming issue worldwide [...]

scholarly journals Synergism of the Combination of Traditional Antibiotics and Novel Phenolic Compounds against Escherichia coli

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 811
Author(s):  
Md. Akil Hossain ◽  
Hae-Chul Park ◽  
Sung-Won Park ◽  
Seung-Chun Park ◽  
Min-Goo Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Rapid Emergence

Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli)-associated infections are becoming difficult to treat because of the rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Novel approaches are required to prevent the progression of resistance and to extend the lifespan of existing antibiotics. This study was designed to improve the effectiveness of traditional antibiotics against E. coli using a combination of the gallic acid (GA), hamamelitannin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, and epicatechin. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of each of the phenolic compound-antibiotic combinations against E. coli was ascertained. Considering the clinical significance and FICI, two combinations (hamamelitannin-erythromycin and GA-ampicillin) were evaluated for their impact on certain virulence factors of E. coli. Finally, the effects of hamamelitannin and GA on Rattus norvegicus (IEC-6) cell viability were investigated. The FICIs of the antibacterial combinations against E. coli were 0.281–1.008. The GA-ampicillin and hamamelitannin-erythromycin combinations more effectively prohibited the growth, biofilm viability, and swim and swarm motilities of E. coli than individual antibiotics. The concentration of hamamelitannin and GA required to reduce viability by 50% (IC50) in IEC-6 cells was 988.54 μM and 564.55 μM, correspondingly. GA-ampicillin and hamamelitannin-erythromycin may be potent combinations and promising candidates for eradicating pathogenic E. coli in humans and animals.

scholarly journals How to deal with non-linear pathways towards energy futures

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Stefan Vögele ◽  
Witold-Roger Poganietz ◽  
Philip Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Policy Advice ◽  
Linear Extrapolation ◽  
Energy Futures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Simplifying Assumptions ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Linear Trends

Energy scenarios currently in use for policy advice are based on a number of simplifying assumptions. This includes, in particular, the linear extrapolation of trends. However, this approach ignores the fact that central variables were highly dynamic in the past. For an assessment of energy futures and the specification of measures, novel approaches are necessary which can implement non-linear trends. In this paper, we show how cross-impact balance (CIB) analysis can be applied to map dynamic trends. Using a small CIB model, we highlight the need for novel approaches in the creation and evaluation of energy futures and the possible contribution of CIB analysis.

Biological applications of synthetic anion transporters

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (91) ◽  
pp. 14137-14153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasim Akhtar ◽  
Oindrila Biswas ◽  
Debasis Manna
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Transmembrane Transport ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Anion Transporters

Transmembrane transport of anions by small molecules has recently been used to reduce the viability of cancer cells and fight against antibiotic-resistant and clinically relevant bacterial strains.

scholarly journals Small molecule anion transporters display in vitro antimicrobial activity against clinically relevant bacterial strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (68) ◽  
pp. 10080-10083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Carreira-Barral ◽  
Carlos Rumbo ◽  
Marcin Mielczarek ◽  
Daniel Alonso-Carrillo ◽  
Enara Herran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Anion Transporters ◽  
Highly Active

Highly active transmembrane anion transporters have demonstrated their activity against antibiotic-resistant and clinically relevant bacterial strains.

scholarly journals Applications and Limitations of Dendrimers in Biomedicine

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 3982
Author(s):  
Adriana Aurelia Chis ◽  
Carmen Dobrea ◽  
Claudiu Morgovan ◽  
Anca Maria Arseniu ◽  
Luca Liviu Rus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Drug Molecule ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Cardiovascular Therapy ◽  
Poly Propylene ◽  
Therapy Studies ◽  
Dendrimer Conjugates ◽  
Diagnostics And Therapy

Biomedicine represents one of the main study areas for dendrimers, which have proven to be valuable both in diagnostics and therapy, due to their capacity for improving solubility, absorption, bioavailability and targeted distribution. Molecular cytotoxicity constitutes a limiting characteristic, especially for cationic and higher-generation dendrimers. Antineoplastic research of dendrimers has been widely developed, and several types of poly(amidoamine) and poly(propylene imine) dendrimer complexes with doxorubicin, paclitaxel, imatinib, sunitinib, cisplatin, melphalan and methotrexate have shown an improvement in comparison with the drug molecule alone. The anti-inflammatory therapy focused on dendrimer complexes of ibuprofen, indomethacin, piroxicam, ketoprofen and diflunisal. In the context of the development of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, dendrimer complexes of fluoroquinolones, macrolides, beta-lactamines and aminoglycosides have shown promising effects. Regarding antiviral therapy, studies have been performed to develop dendrimer conjugates with tenofovir, maraviroc, zidovudine, oseltamivir and acyclovir, among others. Furthermore, cardiovascular therapy has strongly addressed dendrimers. Employed in imaging diagnostics, dendrimers reduce the dosage required to obtain images, thus improving the efficiency of radioisotopes. Dendrimers are macromolecular structures with multiple advantages that can suffer modifications depending on the chemical nature of the drug that has to be transported. The results obtained so far encourage the pursuit of new studies.

scholarly journals Potential risks of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes in bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1110-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin J. Cunningham ◽  
Maria S. Kuyukina ◽  
Irena B. Ivshina ◽  
Alexandr I. Konev ◽  
Tatyana A. Peshkur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Selection Of

The problems associated with potential risks of antibiotic resistance spreading during bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil are discussed. Careful selection of bacterial strains and pretreatment of organic wastes used as fertilizers are suggested.

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