scholarly journals Phages in Food Industry Biocontrol and Bioremediation

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 786
Author(s):  
Pablo Cristobal-Cueto ◽  
Alberto García-Quintanilla ◽  
Jaime Esteban ◽  
Meritxell García-Quintanilla
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
A Current

Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in nature and their use is a current promising alternative in biological control. Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains are present in the livestock industry and phages are attractive candidates to eliminate them and their biofilms. This alternative therapy also reduces the non-desirable effects produced by chemicals on food. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that around 420,000 people die due to a foodborne illness annually, suggesting that an improvement in food biocontrol is desirable. This review summarizes relevant studies of phage use in biocontrol focusing on treatments in live animals, plants, surfaces, foods, wastewaters and bioremediation.

scholarly journals Avibactam Restores the Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to Aztreonam

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria F. Mojica ◽  
Krisztina M. Papp-Wallace ◽  
Magdalena A. Taracila ◽  
Melissa D. Barnes ◽  
Joseph D. Rutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medical Need ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging opportunistic pathogen, classified by the World Health Organization as one of the leading multidrug-resistant organisms in hospital settings. The need to discover novel compounds and/or combination therapies for S. maltophilia is urgent. We demonstrate the in vitro efficacy of aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) against S. maltophilia and kinetically characterize the inhibition of the L2 β-lactamase by avibactam. ATM-AVI overcomes aztreonam resistance in selected clinical strains of S. maltophilia, addressing an unmet medical need.

scholarly journals Overview of Acrylamide Monitoring Databases

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lineback ◽  
Thomas Wenzl ◽  
Ole P Ostermann ◽  
Beatriz de la Calle ◽  
Elke Anklam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Web

Abstract Since high acrylamide levels in carbohydrate-rich food were reported in 2002, many research activities were started in order to gain knowledge on occurrence, formation, and prevention of this compound in food products. Among them, monitoring programs were conducted in many countries worldwide by official bodies as well as by the food industry. National and international bodies set up monitoring databases. In 2003, both the European Commission and the World Health Organization posted calls for data and placed their spreadsheets for the submission of data on the Web. The goal of the databases is to collect data for a reliable estimation of the exposure of consumers to acrylamide via the food chain. This paper describes the assessment of the data quality and outlines the composition of the data in the 2 databases, to date.

scholarly journals A current update on viral classification, diagnosis and available treatment of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Gift Eyareosowo Oden ◽  
Himmat Singh ◽  
Santosh Kumar Singh ◽  
Abhay Raizada ◽  
Gaurav Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Transmission Method ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Paper Work ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
A Current

In December of 2019, an outbreak of a disease began at Wuhan, China and would later be named the coronavirus disease2019 (covid-19) by the World Health Organization and further declared a global pandemic. Since the onset of this disease, the pattern of day to day activities had been disrupted in a bid to curb this menace to society. This paper work touches on basic viral classification, as well as structure of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the main causative agent of covid-19. This review work also sheds light on symptoms associated with this disease, mode of transmission, method of diagnosis and medications available in treating the symptoms. Potential vaccines available in India are also discussed here.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Heteroresistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Karolina Stojowska-Swędrzyńska ◽  
Adrianna Łupkowska ◽  
Dorota Kuczyńska-Wiśnik ◽  
Ewa Laskowska
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Genetic Instability ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Critical Public Health

Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common pathogens responsible for infections, including pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and bacteremias. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae was recognized in 2017 by the World Health Organization as a critical public health threat. Heteroresistance, defined as the presence of a subpopulation of cells with a higher MIC than the dominant population, is a frequent phenotype in many pathogens. Numerous reports on heteroresistant K. pneumoniae isolates have been published in the last few years. Heteroresistance is difficult to detect and study due to its phenotypic and genetic instability. Recent findings provide strong evidence that heteroresistance may be associated with an increased risk of recurrent infections and antibiotic treatment failure. This review focuses on antibiotic heteroresistance mechanisms in K. pneumoniae and potential therapeutic strategies against antibiotic heteroresistant isolates.

Trends in Food Bioactives in the COVID-19 Pandemic Year – JFB Audience

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereidoon Shahidi ◽  
Adriano Costa De Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
World Health ◽  
Industrial Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) stated that COVID-19 could be characterized as a pandemic in March 11, 2020. As for the food industry and related sectors, food safety and security were the first subject of concern.  Since there was no evidence that COVID-19 had any effect on food safety and security, the attention was changed to the potential of nutraceuticals and functional foods in positively affecting immunity in the context COVID-19. As for the feedstocks, our readership has shown a great deal of interest in fruits (e.g. pomegranate, grapes, berries, mushrooms, and soybean) and the industrial products thereof (e.g. wine, smoothies, miso), while lipids, peptides, and phenolic compounds were in the spotlight among the bioactive compounds. Considering the number of downloads of each paper, this report provides a cursory account of selected examples to illustrate the trends in food bioactives in the COVID-19 Pandemic Year.

Treatment Outcomes of Patients Switching From an Injectable Drug to Bedaquiline During Short Standardized Treatment for Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Mozambique

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 1809-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Bastard ◽  
Lucas Molfino ◽  
Cláudia Mutaquiha ◽  
Miriam Arago Galindo ◽  
Pereira Zindoga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Injectable Drug ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
The World ◽  
Standardized Treatment ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Small Cohort ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Bedaquiline was recommended by the World Health Organization as the preferred option in treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) with long regimens. However, no recommendation was given for the short MDR-TB regimen. Data from our small cohort of patients who switched from injectable drug to bedaquiline suggest that a bedaquiline-based short regimen is effective and safe.

scholarly journals Trends in Salmonella enteric serovar Typhi in Nairobi, Kenya from 2004 to 2006

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (06) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Mueni Mengo ◽  
Sam Kariuki ◽  
Ann Muigai ◽  
Gunturu Revathi
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
First Line ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Susceptibility And Resistance ◽  
Global Health Problem

Background: Typhoid fever is a global health problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the current annual global burden of typhoid is approximately 22 million new cases, 5% of which are fatal. Methodology: To assess the trends in antibiotic resistance in 100 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi strains were isolated from the blood of patients in Nairobi, Kenya, from 2004 to 2006. All isolates were tested against ampicilin, chloramphenic, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, cefuroxime, cefriaxone, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, tetracycline and gentamycin. Susceptibility and resistance were determined using MIC and disk diffusion tests. Results: From 2004 to 2006 a total of 100 strains were studied; 70% of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR) while 15% of the isolates were sensitive to all drugs tested. Of 13 isolates that were resistant to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid by disk diffusion, 11 had an MIC of 0. 25 µg/ml while two isolates had an MIC of 1.00 µg,/ml. Resistance in ampicillin decreased from  88% in 2004 to 64% in 2005; this increased to 76% in 2006. Similar trends were observed for four other antibiotics tested. Conclusion: The prescription of first-line antibiotics used in the treatment of S. Typhi should be stopped temporarily. Drugs such as cipfloxacin would be useful in the treatment of typhoid caused by MDR S. Typhi. There is need to monitor the resistance in flouroquinolones as resistance to these drugs has been observed and they are the current drugs used to treat typhoid. 

scholarly journals The situation of tobacco control in The Americas. A current vision

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Marilyn Urrutia-Pereira ◽  
Herberto José Chong-Neto ◽  
Dirceu Solé
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
Current State ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
The World ◽  
Tobacco Epidemic ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
A Current ◽  
Related Mortality

Smoking is still the leading cause of illness and preventable death across the world. The financial cost of smoking is estimated at 1.4 billion USD per year around the world. The Report on Tobacco Control in the Region of The Americas aims to provide an overview of the current state of trends in the tobacco epidemic and the implementation of effective policies to combat it. This report presents updated and validated data about prevalence, tobacco-related mortality, and progress on adopting legislation and policies associated with the six known measures to stop smoking, MPOWER of the World Health Organization.

scholarly journals “Five Keys to Safer Food” and COVID-19

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4491
Author(s):  
Nadia San Onofre ◽  
Carla Soler ◽  
J. Francisco Merino-Torres ◽  
Jose M. Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Precautionary Principle ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
World Health ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
The Precautionary Principle ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

On 11 March 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) and, up to 18:37 am on 9 December 2021, it has produced 268,440,530 cases and 5,299,511 deaths. This disease, in some patients, included pneumonia and shortness of breath, being transmitted through droplets and aerosols. To date, there is no scientific literature to justify transmission directly from foods. In this review, we applied the precautionary principle for the home and the food industry using the known “Five Keys to Safer Food” manual developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and extended punctually in its core information from five keys, in the light of new COVID-19 evidence, to guarantee a possible food safety tool.

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