scholarly journals Clinical Features and Molecular Characteristics of Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Ocular Infection in Taiwan

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1445
Author(s):  
Yueh-Ling Chen ◽  
Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang ◽  
Lung-Kun Yeh ◽  
David H. K. Ma ◽  
Hsin-Yuan Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Gene Detection ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin

This study analyzed the clinical features and molecular characteristics of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) ocular infections in Taiwan and compared them between community-associated (CA) and health-care-associated (HA) infections. We collected S. aureus ocular isolates from patients at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 2010 and 2017. The infections were classified as CA or HA using epidemiological criteria, and the isolates were molecularly characterized using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene detection. Antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated using disk diffusion and an E test. A total of 104 MSSA ocular isolates were identified; 46 (44.2%) were CA-MSSA and 58 (55.8%) were HA-MSSA. Compared with HA-MSSA strains, CA-MSSA strains caused a significantly higher rate of keratitis, but a lower rate of conjunctivitis. We identified 14 pulsotypes. ST 7/pulsotype BA was frequently identified in both CA-MSSA (28.3%) and HA-MSSA (37.9%) cases. PVL genes were identified in seven isolates (6.7%). Both CA-MSSA and HA-MSSA isolates were highly susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, tigecycline, sulfamethoxazole–trimethoprim, and fluoroquinolones. The most common ocular manifestations were keratitis and conjunctivitis for CA-MSSA and HA-MSSA, respectively. The MSSA ocular isolates had diverse molecular characteristics; no specific genotype differentiated CA-MSSA from HA-MSSA. Both strains exhibited similar antibiotic susceptibility.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of the Community-Associated Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 88 Strain LVP-7, Isolated from an Ocular Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savitha Nadig ◽  
Sneha Murthy ◽  
Muralidharan Vandanashree ◽  
Hosahalli S. Subramanya ◽  
Balasubramanian Gopal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Type V ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin

ABSTRACT We report a de novo-assembled draft genome sequence of the Indian Staphylococcus aureus sequence type 88 (ST88) strain LVP-7, isolated from an ocular infection. The genome harbors a Panton-Valentine leukocidin phage, a type V staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element, the delta-hemolysin-converting Newman phage ΦNM3, and the pathogenicity island SaPI3, encoding the superantigen enterotoxin B.

scholarly journals Origin, evolution, and global transmission of community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus ST8

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (49) ◽  
pp. E10596-E10604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Strauß ◽  
Marc Stegger ◽  
Patrick Eberechi Akpaka ◽  
Abraham Alabi ◽  
Sebastien Breurec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
North America ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element ◽  
Genome Variations ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Other World ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin

USA300 is a pandemic clonal lineage of hypervirulent, community-acquired, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) with specific molecular characteristics. Despite its high clinical relevance, the evolutionary origin of USA300 remained unclear. We used comparative genomics of 224 temporal and spatial diverse S. aureus isolates of multilocus sequence type (ST) 8 to reconstruct the molecular evolution and global dissemination of ST8, including USA300. Analyses of core SNP diversity and accessory genome variations showed that the ancestor of all ST8 S. aureus most likely emerged in Central Europe in the mid-19th century. From here, ST8 was exported to North America in the early 20th century and progressively acquired the USA300 characteristics Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL), SCCmec IVa, the arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME), and a specific mutation in capsular polysaccharide gene cap5E. Although the PVL-encoding phage ϕSa2USA was introduced into the ST8 background only once, various SCCmec types were introduced to ST8 at different times and places. Starting from North America, USA300 spread globally, including Africa. African USA300 isolates have aberrant spa-types (t112, t121) and form a monophyletic group within the clade of North American USA300. Large parts of ST8 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolated in Africa represent a symplesiomorphic group of ST8 (i.e., a group representing the characteristics of the ancestor), which are rarely found in other world regions. Isolates previously discussed as USA300 ancestors, including USA500 and a “historic” CA-MRSA from Western Australia, were shown to be only distantly related to recent USA300 clones.

scholarly journals Characterisation of community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus causing skin and soft tissue infections in a children's hospital in Shanghai, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Wang ◽  
Yanyun Shen ◽  
Weichun Huang ◽  
Yun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Staphylococcal Protein A ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Common Sequence

Abstract Community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen responsible for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of community-acquired S. aureus isolates recovered from paediatric patients with SSTIs in Shanghai, China. Between January 2015 and January 2018, 91 community-acquired S. aureus isolates were characterised by antibiotic susceptibility, multilocus sequence typing (ST), staphylococcal protein A gene (spa) type and virulence genes. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains were also characterised by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type. Forty-one (45.1%) S. aureus isolates were MRSA. ST59 (33.0%, 30/91) was the most common sequence type, and t437 (18.7%, 17/91) was the most common spa type. SCCmec IV and V accounted for 61.0% and 34.1% of all MRSA isolates, respectively. Each isolate carried at least six virulence genes. The positive rates of Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes among all S. aureus, MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates were 30.8% (28/91), 39.0% (16/41) and 24% (12/50), respectively. The prevalence of community-associated MRSA was surprisingly high among children with community-acquired SSTIs in Shanghai. ST59-t437 was the most prevalent community-acquired S. aureus clone causing SSTIs.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Ocular Infection Caused by Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 2012-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiwon Jung ◽  
Junyeop Lee ◽  
Shi Nae Yu ◽  
Yong Kyun Kim ◽  
Ju Young Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Ocular Involvement ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Metastatic Infection

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureusbacteremia (SAB) often leads to ocular infections, including endophthalmitis and chorioretinitis. However, the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of ocular infections complicated by SAB are largely unknown. We retrospectively analyzed the incidence and risk factors of ocular involvement in a prospective cohort of patients with SAB at a tertiary-care hospital. Ophthalmologists reviewed the fundoscopic findings and classified the ocular infections as endophthalmitis or chorioretinitis. During the 5-year study period, 1,109 patients had SAB, and data for 612 (55%) who underwent ophthalmic examinations within 14 days after SAB onset were analyzed. Of those 612 patients, 56 (9% [95% confidence interval [CI], 7 to 12%]) had ocular involvement, including 15 (2.5%) with endophthalmitis and 41 (6.7%) with chorioretinitis. In a multivariate analysis, infective endocarditis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.74 [95% CI, 2.25 to 14.64]) and metastatic infection (aOR, 2.38 [95% CI, 1.29 to 4.39]) were independent risk factors for ocular involvement. Of the 47 patients with ocular involvement who could communicate, only 17 (36%) had visual disturbances. Two-thirds of the patients with endophthalmitis (10/15 patients) were treated with intravitreal antibiotics combined with parenteral antibiotics, whereas all of the patients with chorioretinitis were treated only with systemic antibiotics. No patients became blind. Among 42 patients for whom follow-up assessments were available, the ocular lesions improved in 29 (69%) but remained the same in the others. Ocular involvement was independently associated with death within 30 days after SAB onset. Ocular involvement is not uncommon among patients with SAB. Routine ophthalmic examinations should be considered for patients with infective endocarditis or metastatic infections caused by SAB.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Pediatrics With Ocular Infections: A 6-Year Hospital-Based Study in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yu Zheng ◽  
Bonnie Nga Kwan Choy ◽  
Ming-Ming Zhou ◽  
Zheng-Yan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an important pathogen of ocular infections in pediatrics. The study aimed to identify the prevalence and resistance pattern of S. aureus, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), in Chinese children with ocular infections. All patients with S. aureus infections were reviewed at a tertiary children's hospital during 2015–2020, and those with ocular infections were investigated for susceptibility results. Of 1,668 S. aureus strains, there were 177 unique isolates from ocular infection. Among them, 45 (25.4%) were MRSA and 132 (74.6%) were methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). The proportion of MRSA did not change over time. Most of the strains were obtained from the neonate ward and ophthalmology department (n = 88, 49.7%, and n = 85, 48.0%, respectively), while eye secretion and pus were the main specimen types (n = 128, 72.3%, and n = 37, 20.9%, respectively). MRSA was significantly resistant against penicillin class (97.8%), erythromycin (71.1%), clindamycin (71.1%), and tetracycline (32.1%), with a high multidrug resistance (MDR) rate of 71.1%. However, MRSA was highly sensitive to levofloxacin. Resistance rates against erythromycin and ciprofloxacin as well as MDR percentage all increased among MSSA in children above 1 year of age, ophthalmology department, and outpatient population and decreased in eye secretion specimen. The mean resistance percentage remained stable for MRSA and MSSA during the study period. The survey of ocular S. aureus pathogens in pediatrics and their antibiotic resistance patterns helps in clinical treatment. MRSA with many strains demonstrating MDR is highly prevalent in children with ocular infections in Southeast China. Levofloxacin is an effective topical antibiotic for ocular MRSA infection, while erythromycin has a high resistance rate. The antibiotic resistance patterns of MRSA and MSSA differs and varies by different stratifications. A cautious use of antibiotics should be considered.

#82: Osteomyelitis with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Producing Staphylococcus aureus Strains, Experience in a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital in Mexico City

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S9-S9
Author(s):  
Nancy Aguilar ◽  
Alejandra Aquino ◽  
Guillermo Vázquez ◽  
Jocelin Mérida ◽  
Oscar Isunza-Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

Abstract Background S. aureus is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in children. Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) is an exotoxin produced by certain S. aureus strains, which can be detected in both methicillin-sensitive and -resistant strains of staphylococci. Pediatric osteomyelitis by PVL producing S. aureus constitute a rare, but highly critical event. They are characterized by a rapid course of marked inflammation, worsening under conservative therapy, and a high rate of recurrence. No information is available on osteomyelitis and Panton-Valentine leukocidin producing S. aureus in Mexico. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the molecular characterization of S. aureus strains isolated in pediatric patients with osteomyelitis and their clinical features in a tertiary hospital in Mexico City. Methods We conducted a prospective study of children admitted for osteomyelitis, between December 2018 and November 2019, at Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. We obtained an informed consent in children under 12 years of age and an informed assent in children over 12. The confirmation of the S. aureus isolates was performed by amplification and analysis of 16S rRNA and nuc genes. The mecA and pvl genes were detected by PCR, the clinical features were obtained at the admission. Results Fifty patients were included and 26 cases of osteomyelitis were diagnosed, 13 were due to staphylococcus aureus genus and 6 due to S. aureus; all of them were methicillin susceptible and two were PVL producers. Both patients had a severe initial presentation, with extensive local abscesses, and one required three surgical procedures and developed septic pulmonary embolism. The two patients received double antimicrobial treatment and required a long therapy interval. Conclusions Osteomyelitis with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin producing S. aureus seems to be more severe. In patients with severe osteomyelitis, it is essential to detect the PVL toxin because they require early surgical intervention and prolonged intravenous therapy. Our findings suggest that the severity of the osteomyelitis is linked with PVL production more than with methicillin resistance due to that all our isolates were methicillin susceptible.

One Year Retrospective Study of Ocular Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital from Timisoara

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2910-2912
Author(s):  
Iulia Cristina Bagiu ◽  
Delia Ioana Horhat ◽  
Simona Popescu ◽  
Florin George Horhat ◽  
Ciprian Pilut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology

Eye is the most important sensory organ concerned with the perception of vision. Ocular infections are one of the common diseases of the eye. Ocular infections as blepharitis, conjunctivitis, canaliculitis, dacryocystitis, keratitis, scleritis, orbital cellulitis, endophthalmitis, panophthalmitis and other infections which are responsible for increased incidence of morbidity and blindness worldwide, their morbidity vary from self-limiting trivial infection to sight threatening infection. To identify the bacterial profile of ocular infections in patients attending Ophthalmology Department. After clinical diagnosis of ocular infection made by Ophthalmologist, specimens were collected with the help of Ophthalmologist. Samples like eyelid swab, pus from dacryocystitis, corneal scrapings, corneal swab, and tissue specimens from 189 patients attending Ophthalmology Department were analyzed from 01.01.2014 to 01.01.2015. Using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, samples were collected according to the standard protocol. Inclusion criteria: 1. Clinically diagnosed cases of ocular infections attending Outpatient Department and Inpatient Department of Ophthalmology, Tertiary Care Center from Timisoara 2. Patients not on antibiotics (systemic or either topical) will be included in the study. 3. Patients not responding to antibiotics. Exclusion criteria: 1. Non-infectious etiology of ocular diseases. The material was examined Gram staining. The specimens were cultured on sheep�s blood agar, Chocolate agar and MacConkey agar, Chapman agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar. Drug susceptibility was tested using disc diffusion method (Kirby Bauer).The most common bacterial pathogen isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (29.7%) followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (22.1%), other organisms isolated are Streptococcus pneumonia (17.9%), Klebsiella spp. (6.3%), Escherichia coli (4.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.4%). Among the opportunistic pathogens, Staphylococcus epidermidis, (22.1%) were the most common isolate followed by Staphylococcus saprophyticus (0.45%). Bacterial isolates were highly susceptible to Vancomycin (100%), Gentamicin (92.1%) among Gram positive organisms. The Gram negative organisms are highly susceptible to Tobramycin (95.4%) and Imipenem (87.9%). The study suggests that Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are the most common etiological agents of Ocular infections. Most of the strains were sensitive to Vancomycin and Tobramycin. Persistent efforts should be put for continuous surveillance and epidemiological characterization which are imperative to treat and prevent morbidity and blindness of population at risk.

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