scholarly journals Chemotherapeutic Potential of Carthamus Oxycantha Root Extract as Antidiarrheal and In Vitro Antibacterial Activities

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikram ◽  
Amany Magdy Beshbishy ◽  
Muhammad Kifayatullah ◽  
Adedayo Olukanni ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Our research work was designed to investigate the curative and preventive effects of Carthamus oxycantha root extract against diarrhea and microorganisms. For the antibacterial experiment, the agar well diffusion method was used against standard bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, and Salmonella typhi, while for the assessment of antidiarrheal activity, castor oil and the magnesium sulfate-induced diarrhea method was used on albino, laboratory-bred (BALB/c) mice at a dose rate of 200 and 400 mg/kg (body weight, b.w) orally. The methanol extract of C. oxycantha significantly (p < 0.001) decreased the frequency of defecation, and wet stools in a dose depended on the manner of after receiving magnesium sulfate (2 g/kg (b.w)) and castor oil (1.0 mL/mice). Furthermore, the extract of C. oxycantha showed concentration-dependent antimicrobial properties against S. aureus followed by S. typhi, E. coli, and P. aeroginosa bacterial strains, with inhibitions ranging from 10.5–15 mm. These findings show significant results that C. oxycantha is effective as an antidiarrheal and antibacterial agent. However, further works are needed to establish its mode of action.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and antimicrobial investigations on various parts of Sida acuta Burm. f.

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Chinelo A. Ezeabara ◽  
◽  
Miracle O. Egenti ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Sida Acuta ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Test Of Significance

Sida acuta Burm. f. belongs to the mallow family, Malvaceae. The study investigated the quantitative phytochemical contents and in vitro antimicrobial activities of S. acuta at different concentrations using standard techniques. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations for the absolute concentrations were determined by Agar well diffusion method. Test of significance was measured using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. There were presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, cardiac glycosides, terpenoid, anthraquinone and steroid in the leaf, stem and root of the plant at varying levels. Alkaloid at 2.31±0.03mg/100g was the highest and it was detected in the leaf. All the plant parts exhibited inhibitory activities against all the test organisms but were dose-dependent. At 500 mg/ml, the leaf extract gave highest inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus varians, Candida albicans while the root extract gave highest inhibition of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Aspergillus flavus. Findings of this study, therefore, showed that all parts of S. acuta, particularly the leaf and the root, possessed antimicrobial properties which can be pharmaceutically harnessed.

scholarly journals The PHYTOCHEMICALS, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF Senna alata AND Senna tora LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST BACTERIAL STRAINS CAUSING SKIN INFECTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Murni Halim
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Senna Alata

A study was carried out to screen for phytochemical constituents and assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Senna alata and Senna tora leaf extracts. The leaves were first dried at room temperature and 50°C in an oven prior to solvent extraction using ethanol and methanol. The in-vitro qualitative assays showed that both S. alata and S. tora leaf extracts contained bioactive and secondary metabolites components such as tannins, steroids, saponin, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids and phenols. The antioxidant activity and capacity test were carried out by conducting free radical of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and Ferric reduction antioxidant plasma (FRAP) assays. Both assays showed S. tora leaf extract has higher antioxidant capacity than S. alata leaf extract. The efficacy of these leaf extracts were tested against skin pathogens through agar well diffusion method. S. alata extract showed an inhibition zone (1.15 – 1.59 mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa while S. tora extracts exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis (inhibition zone of 12 – 16.94 mm) followed by P. aeruginosa (inhibition zone of 1 – 1.59 mm). Nonetheless, no inhibition zone was observed for S. aureus by both leaf extracts. The phytochemicals and antioxidant constituents as well as inhibitory potential on skin pathogens possessed by S. alata and S. tora leave highlighted their potential utilization in the development of natural drugs or cosmetics to treat skin related diseases or infections.

scholarly journals Development of Castor Oil Based Poly(urethane-esteramide)/TiO2Nanocomposites as Anticorrosive and Antimicrobial Coatings

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Rafi Shaik ◽  
Manawwer Alam ◽  
Naser M. Alandis
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Condensation Polymerization ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Castor oil based polyesteramide (CPEA) resin has been successfully synthesized by the condensation polymerization of N-N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) castor oil fatty amide (HECA) with terephthalic acid and further modified with different percentages of 7, 9, 11, and 13 wt.% of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) to obtain poly(urethane-esteramide) (UCPEA), via addition polymerization. TiO2(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 wt%) nanoparticles were dispersed in UCPEA resin. The structural elucidation of HECA, CPEA, and UCPEA has been carried out using FT-IR,1H-NMR, and13C-NMR spectroscopic techniques while physicochemical and physicomechanical properties were investigated by standard methods. Thermal stability and molecular weight of UCPEA have been assessed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), respectively. Furthermore, the corrosion behavior of UCPEA coatings on mild steel has been investigated by potentiodynamic polarization measurements in different corrosive environments (3.5 wt% HCl, 5 wt% NaCl, 3.5 wt% NaOH, and tap water) at room temperature and surface analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The antibacterial activities of the UCPEA were tested against bacteria and fungi by agar disc diffusion method. The results of this study have revealed that UCPEA nanocomposite coatings exhibit good physicomechanical, anticorrosion and antimicrobial properties, which can be safely used up to 200°C.

scholarly journals Comparative Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Ficus capensis, Aristolochia ringens, Albizia zygia and Lannea welwitschii

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfred O Obonga ◽  
Philip F Uzor ◽  
Emmanuel O Ekwealor ◽  
Sampson C Nwabuko
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

The present study was aimed at a comparative study of the phytoconstituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of four medicinal plants, Ficus capensis, Aristolochia ringens, Albizia zygia and Lannea welwitschii. The leaf of F. capensis and stem bark of A. ringens, A. zygia and L. welwitschii were extracted using methanol. Phytochemical analysis was done spectrophotometrically. Three in vitro antioxidant tests-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydroxyl (DPPH) scavenging models were employed. Antimicrobial test was done by agar diffusion method against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiela pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Candida albicans and Aspergittus spp. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the most abundant phytoconstituents were flavonoids (F. capensis and A. zygia), reducing sugar, terpenoids, alkaloids and tannins. In the antioxidant models, A. zygia was found to produce the least IC50 in two of the models (NO and DPPH). Results of the antimicrobial tests showed that A. zygia showed a broader spectrum of activity than other plants. This study has shown that these plants possess antioxidant and antimicrobial activities which further justify their usage in traditional medicines. A. zygia featured prominently in these activities. Also flavonoids could be responsible for the bioactivities of these plants.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 16(2): 147-157, 2017 (December)

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Cobalt(III) Complexes of 4-(2-Substituted Phenylimino)-2-(4-Substituted Phenyl)-4H-chromen-3-ol

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 2015-2021
Author(s):  
Ashok K. Singh ◽  
Suresh K. Patel ◽  
Asif Jafri
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Antimicrobial Evaluation ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Paper Disc

A series of eight Co(III) complexes [CoL1-8(H2O)2Cl] (I-1 to I-8) incorporating 4-(2-substituted phenylimino)-2-(4-substituted phenyl)-4H-chromen-3-ol, as a tridentate imino flavone ligands (L1 to L8, 2-sub. = NH2, SH, 4-sub. = OMe, OH, Cl, NMe2) have been synthesized, characterized and the geometry of the complexes were optimized by DFT. The chemical structure of synthesized imino flavone ligands and their complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV-visible, IR, ESI-mass spectral data, conductometric and magnetic measurements. The synthesized compounds have been screened for their in vitro antibacterial activities against bacteria Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and antifungal activities against fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus by paper disc diffusion method. The complexes I-3, I-4, I-7 and I-8 showed good antimicrobial activities against pathogens.

The prediction of the spectrum of biological activity and antimicrobial properties of diaminoazoles

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Butina ◽  
T.V. Kudayarova ◽  
E.A. Danilova ◽  
M.K. Islyaikin
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Alternative Drugs

The work is devoted to predicting and studying biological properties of N-substituted analogs of 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-thiadiazole, which, in their turn, include in the composition of many drugs that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological actions. For searching of new alternative drugs with an antibacterial activity, but lacking resistance of microorganism strains to them, a computer screening of 2N-alkyl-substituted 5-amino-3-imino-1,2,4-thiadiazolines previously synthesized by us was carried out. The prediction of the spectrum of biological activity, as well as the determination of the probable toxicity of these compounds, was performed using the freely available computer programs PASS, Anti-Bac-Pred, and GUSAR. The study of the antibacterial activity in vitro against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosae) bacterial strains was performed by the disco-diffusion method. Experimental data roughly correspond to the predictions.

In-vitro antimicrobial efficacy of certian herbal seeds essential oils against important poultry microbes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darshana B. Bhaisare ◽  
D. Thyagarajan ◽  
R. Richard Churchil ◽  
N. Punniamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Diffusion Method

Two in-vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties of essential oil of herbal seeds. In-vitro antimicrobial properties of essential oils of phytobiotics was determined by disc diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pasteurella multocida and Salmonella typhi and two fungi namely Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans. Thyme oil had statistically similar or significantly (P<0.05) higher inhibition zone against all the bacterial and fungal species compared to standard antibiotic, chloramphenicol or antifungal drug, nystatin. Fenugreek oil was not found to be active against microbes compared to control. Fennel and cumin oils had statistically similar or significantly (P<0.05) higher inhibition zone against all microbes except Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi compared to control. Antiviral activity of essential oils was determined by anti-NDV assay against New Castle disease virus (LaSota). The results indicated that essential oils of herbal seeds do not possess antiviral activity against NDV LaSota virus at 1mg/ml concentration.

scholarly journals In-vitro Antimicrobial Activity of the Combined Effect of Kalanchoe Crenata and Vernonia Amygdalina on Salmonella Species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Effah-Yeboah ◽  
Emmanuel Agyapong Asare ◽  
Gadafi Iddrisu Balali
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract IntroductionThe major breakthrough in the treatment of pathogenic diseases was the unearthing of naturally occurring antipathogenic agents or antibiotics. There have been upsurges in antibiotic-resistant strains of clinically important pathogens, which made way to the emergence of new-fangled bacterial strains that are multi-resistant. The major aim of scientists is to develop new antibiotics or other therapeutic strategies at a pace greater than that at which bacteria are developing resistance. Development of resistance to first-line antimicrobial therapies made way to recommendations for combination therapies for the treatment of some infections and some of this form of chemotherapy seems to be very successful.ObjectivesThis research was carried out the determine the effect of Kalanchoe crenata extract on salmonella Tyhi load. It was carried out to also assess the potency of the extract of Vernonia amygdalina on Salmonella typhi and also to ascertain the effect of the combined extract of Kalanchoe crenata and Vernonia amygdalina on salmonella typhi.MethodIn this research, Salmonella typhi was exposed to a crude extract of Kalanchoe crenata and Vernonia amygdalina and also the combination of the two extracts. Agar wells diffusion method was employed.ResultsThe combined effect was not sensitive to the Salmonella strain. The Salmonella strain was resistant to V. amygdalina than to K. crenata. K. cranata had the strongest activity against S. typhi with its highest zone of growth inhibition of 20 mm and lowest zone of inhibition of 7 mm while V. amygdalina produced consistent zone of growth inhibition of 5–6 mm; The combined effect produced a zone inhibition diameter only at the 100 mg/ml with zone of inhibition value of 14 mm. The subsequent lower concentrations did not show any activity against the microbes. At P-value = 0.05 two-way ANOVA statistics exhibited significant difference amongst the effects produced by the different extracts, though there were no substantial differences in the effects produced by the various concentrations.ConclusionThe salmonella strain was resistant to V. amygdalina than to K. crenata. At P-value = 0.05 there was a substantial difference in the sensitivity of the bacteria to the different extracts.

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation For Antibacterial Activity Of Dadimashtaka Choorna, An Ayurvedic Polyherbal Powder Formulation, Against Selective Bacterial Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4982-4989
Author(s):  
Veena G ◽  
Devipriya S ◽  
Arun Mohanan ◽  
Vineeth P K ◽  
Ramesh N V
Keyword(s):  
Classical Method ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Powder Formulation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions

Dadimashtaka choorna is one of the classical ayurvedic polyherbal powder formulation explained in the context of Atisara chikitsa (treatment of gastrointestinal conditions such as diarrhoea), in the text of Astangahridaya. The formulation is mainly indicated for digestive disorders. Even though many researches have brought out the anti-bacterial activity of each component of the formulation, no studies were done to identify the activity of the compound formulation on any specific bacterial strains. Therefore, an attempt was made to accurately understand the action of the preparation against certain selected strains of bacterias. The formulation was prepared according to the classical method of preparation for choorna kalpana. As per the standard norms mentioned in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, the concentrated extract of the medicament was prepared. The study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-bacterial activity of concentrated extract of Dadimashtaka choorna against selected microorganisms namely, Salmonella typhi (gram -ve), Escherichia coli (gram -ve), and Bacillus species (gram +ve), using agar well diffusion method and also to compare with the standard drug, ciprofloxacin. It was found that the concentrated extract of Dadimashtaka choorna has significant anti-bacterial activity against the bacterial strain, Bacillus (gram +ve). The study confirmed the anti-bacterial potential of the formulation Dadimashtaka choorna against Bacillus species(gram+ve), which supports the fact that the compound formulation is a promising remedy to curb the gastrointestinal disorders caused by the gram +ve bacterial strains.

Screening of Antibacterial Activities of Twenty-One Oxygenated Monoterpenes

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Recep Kotan ◽  
Saban Kordali ◽  
Ahmet Cakir
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Weak Zone ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Oxygenated Monoterpenes ◽  
Limonene Oxide

Plant essential oils are widely used as fragrances and flavours in the cosmetic, perfume, drug and food industries. Oxygenated monoterpenes are widespread components of the essential oils, usually occurring in high amount. In this paper, the antibacterial activities of twenty-one oxygenated monoterpenes (borneol, borneol acetate, camphor, carvone, 1,8-cineole, citronellal, β-citronellol, dihydrocarvone, fenchol, fenchone, geraniol acetate, isomenthol, limonene oxide, linalool, linalool acetate, nerol, nerol acetate, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, menthol and menthone) and penicillin (standard antibiotic) were determined using a disc diffusion method (in vitro) against 63 bacterial strains, belonging to 37 different genera and 54 species (plant, food and clinic origins). The results showed that the oxygenated monoterpenes exhibited a variable degree of antibacterial activities. These compounds also inhibited the growth of bacterial strains by producing a weak zone of inhibition from 7 to 11 mm in diameter, depending on the susceptibility of the tested bacteria. Among the tested compounds, nerol, linalool α-terpineol, fenchol and terpinen-4-ol showed antibacterial activity at a broad spectrum. However, their antibacterial activities were lower than those of penicillin. In contrast to these compounds, camphor and 1,8-cineole exhibited no inhibition effects on the growth of all tested bacteria

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document