Brazilian Red Propolis Is as Effective as Amoxicillin in Controlling Red-Complex of Multispecies Subgingival Mature Biofilm In Vitro

This study investigated the effects of Brazilian Red Propolis (BRP) extract on seven-day-old multispecies subgingival biofilms. Mixed biofilm cultures containing 31 species associated with periodontal health or disease were grown for six days on a Calgary device. Then, mature biofilms were treated for 24 h with BRP extract at different concentrations (200–1600 µg/mL), amoxicillin (AMOXI) at 54 µg/mL (positive control) or vehicle (negative control). Biofilm metabolic activity was determined by colorimetry, and bacterial counts/proportions were determined by DNA–DNA hybridization. Data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s tests. Treatment with BRP at 1600, 800 and 400 μg/mL reduced biofilm metabolic activity by 56%, 56% and 57%, respectively, as compared to 65% reduction obtained with AMOXI. Mean total cell counts were significantly reduced in all test groups (~50–55%). Lower proportions of red, green and yellow complex species were observed upon treatment with BRP (400 µg/mL) and AMOXI, but only AMOXI reduced the proportions of Actinomyces species. In conclusion, BRP extract was as effective as AMOXI in killing seven-day-old multispecies biofilm pathogens and did not affect the levels of the host-compatible Actinomyces species. These data suggest that BRP may be an alternative to AMOXI as an adjunct in periodontal therapy. In vivo studies are needed to validate these results.

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222. A new role for activin in endometrial restoration after menses

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/srb08abs222 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

T. J. Kaitu'u-Lino ◽

D. J. Phillips ◽

N. B. Morison ◽

L. A. Salamonsen

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Wound Repair ◽

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽

Positive Control ◽

Activin A ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Skin Wound Healing ◽

Complete Repair

10% of Australian women suffer from abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). To stop endometrial bleeding after menstruation, the endometrium must repair adequately. We propose that endometrial restoration after menstruation has characteristics of wound healing and that inadequate endometrial repair may result in AUB. In vivo studies support a contribution of activins to skin wound healing: in mice overexpressing activins' natural inhibitor, follistatin, wound healing is significantly delayed (1). We hypothesised that activin would enhance endometrial repair and examined its contribution using an in vitro wound healing model and our well characterised in vivo mouse model of endometrial breakdown and repair (2). For the in vitro model, confluent human endometrial epithelial cells (ECC-1 cell line) were wounded and treated with carrier protein (control, 0.1% BSA), activin A (50ng/mL) or EGF (positive control: 50ng/mL). Wound areas were quantitated daily for 6 days. For the in vivo study, serum follistatin levels were measured by ELISA in follistatin overexpressing mice (FS) (2) and wild-type (WT) littermates. Mice were induced to undergo endometrial breakdown and repair (mimicking menstruation in women). Activin βA was immunolocalised during endometrial repair, and extent of repair assessed using our morphological scoring system (2). ECC-1 wound repair was significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced by activin A treatment v. control from days 2–6 of culture. In WT mice, activin βA localised to areas of endometrial repair. Serum follistatin was significantly elevated in FS mice v. controls (33.3 ± 3.8 v 7.07 ± 1.8 ng/mL, P < 0.01). In FS mice (n = 8) only 50% of uterine sections showed complete repair after endometrial breakdown, significantly less than those from WT animals (n = 15, P < 0.05) where 85% of sections demonstrated complete repair. These results demonstrate for the first time that activin A functions to promote endometrial restoration following menses and that this can be delayed under physiological conditions: such studies indicate potential treatments for AUB. (1) Wankell et al. (2001) EMBO J 20:5361–5372 (2) Kaitu'u-Lino et al. (2007) Endocrinology 148:5105–5111

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Cleaved CD31 as a target for in vivo molecular imaging of inflammation

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-56163-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jonathan Vigne ◽

Sylvie Bay ◽

Rachida Aid-Launais ◽

Guillaume Pariscoat ◽

Guillaume Rucher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Imaging ◽

Molecular Form ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Stability Study ◽

Biodistribution Studies ◽

Wide Range ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractThere is a need for new targets to specifically localize inflammatory foci, usable in a wide range of organs. Here, we hypothesized that the cleaved molecular form of CD31 is a suitable target for molecular imaging of inflammation. We evaluated a bioconjugate of D-P8RI, a synthetic peptide that binds all cells with cleaved CD31, in an experimental rat model of sterile acute inflammation. Male Wistar rats were injected with turpentine oil into the gastrocnemius muscle two days before 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI (or its analogue with L-Proline) SPECT/CT or [18F]FDG PET/MRI. Biodistribution, stability study, histology, imaging and autoradiography of 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI were further performed. Biodistribution studies revealed rapid elimination of 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI through renal excretion with almost no uptake from most organs and excellent in vitro and in vivo stability were observed. SPECT/CT imaging showed a significant higher 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI uptake compared with its analogue with L-Proline (negative control) and no significant difference compared with [18F]FDG (positive control). Moreover, autoradiography and histology revealed a co-localization between 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI uptake and inflammatory cell infiltration. 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI constitutes a new tool for the detection and localization of inflammatory sites. Our work suggests that targeting cleaved CD31 is an attractive strategy for the specific in vivo imaging of inflammatory processes.

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In vivo activities of ceftriaxone and vancomycin against Borrelia spp. in the mouse brain and other sites.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.40.11.2632 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 40 (11) ◽

pp. 2632-2636 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

R J Kazragis ◽

L L Dever ◽

J H Jorgensen ◽

A G Barbour

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Lyme Disease ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Scid Mice ◽

Immunodeficient Mice ◽

Infected Adult ◽

The Brain

Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease, and B. turicatae, a neurotropic agent of relapsing fever, are susceptible to vancomycin in vitro, with an MIC of 0.5 microgram/ml. To determine the activity of vancomycin in vivo, particularly in the brain, we infected adult immunocompetent BALB/c and immunodeficient CB-17 scid mice with B. burgdorferi or B. turicatae. The mice were then treated with vancomycin, ceftriaxone as a positive control, or normal saline as a negative control. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed by cultures of blood and brain and other tissues. Ceftriaxone at a dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight administered every 12 h for 7 to 10 days eliminated cultivable B. burgdorferi or B. turicatae from all BALB/c or scid mice in the study. Vancomycin at 30 mg/kg administered every 12 h was effective in eliminating infection from immunodeficient mice if treatment was started within 3 days of the onset of infection. If treatment with vancomycin was delayed for 7 days or more, vancomycin failed to eradicate infection with B. burgdorferi or B. turicatae from immunodeficient mice. The failure of vancomycin in eradicating established infections in immunodeficient mice was associated with the persistence of viable spirochetes in the brain during antibiotic treatment.

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A Neutralizing Prolactin Receptor Antibody Whose In Vivo Application Mimics the Phenotype of Female Prolactin Receptor-Deficient Mice

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/en.2015-1277 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 156 (11) ◽

pp. 4365-4373 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Christiane Otto ◽

Anna Särnefält ◽

Anne Ljungars ◽

Siegmund Wolf ◽

Beate Rohde-Schulz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prolactin Receptor ◽

Human Monoclonal Antibody ◽

Negative Control ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Female Mice ◽

Prolactin Synthesis ◽

Deficient Mice

The prolactin receptor (PRLR) has been implicated in a variety of physiological processes (lactation, reproduction) and diseases (breast cancer, autoimmune diseases). Prolactin synthesis in the pituitary and extrapituitary sites is regulated by different promoters. Dopamine receptor agonists such as bromocriptine can only interfere with pituitary prolactin synthesis and thus do not induce a complete blockade of PRLR signaling. Here we describe the identification of a human monoclonal antibody 005-C04 that blocks PRLR-mediated signaling at nanomolar concentrations in vitro. In contrast to a negative control antibody, the neutralizing PRLR antibody 005-C04 inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 phosphorylation in T47D cells and proliferation of BaF3 cells stably expressing murine or human PRLRs in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo application of this new function-blocking PRLR antibody reflects the phenotype of PRLR-deficient mice. After antibody administration female mice become infertile in a reversible manner. In lactating dams, the antibody induces mammary gland involution and negatively interferes with lactation capacity as evidenced by reduced milk protein expression in mammary glands and impaired litter weight gain. Antibody-mediated blockade of the PRLR in vivo stimulates hair regrowth in female mice. Compared with peptide-derived PRLR antagonists, the PRLR antibody 005-C04 exhibits several advantages such as higher potency, noncompetitive inhibition of PRLR signaling, and a longer half-life, which allows its use as a tool compound also in long-term in vivo studies. Therefore, we suggest that this antibody will help to further our understanding of the role of auto- and paracrine PRLR signaling in health and disease.

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Combination of garlic - shatterstone herb powder to control Streptococcus agalactiae infection in tilapia

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.14.79-89 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 79

Author(s):

Ririn Nurul Fauziah ◽

Dinamella Wahjuningrum ◽

, Sukenda ◽

, Ranta

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Positive Control ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Negative Control ◽

Fish Pathogen ◽

Phyllanthus Niruri

ABSTRACT This study was aimed at determining potential of combination powder of garlic Allium sativum-shatterstone herb Phyllanthus niruri supplemented in feed against S. agalactiae infection in tilapia. Four concentrations of combination powder of A. sativum-P. Niruri; 20+5, 20+10, 20+15 and 20+20 ppt respectively were investigated for their ability to inhibit bacterial fish pathogen. Combination dose of 20+15 ppt produced the highest inhibitory zones in in vitro test. In vivo test consisted of three treatments with three replications, namely positive control (K+), negative control (K-) and the treatment of A. sativum-P. niruri suplemented in feed (BM). The test perfomed on tilapia with weight of 10.33 ± 1.63 g and were reared at density of 10 ind/aquarium. The fish was fed for 14 days, then injected intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL S. agalactiae at concentration of 105 cfu/mL for positive control and BM groups. Survival, growth rate, feed response, hematological and water quality parameters were observed for 10 days. This study showed that the suplemented-feed-fish (BM) showed better growth rate, feed response, and survival (83.3%) than positive control (36.7%) at P<0.05. In addition, A. sativum-P. niruri suplemented in feed was also able to enhance the immune response by increasing phagocytic activity. Keywords: Streptococcus agalactiae, phytopharmacy, Allium sativum-Phyllanthus niruri, tilapia ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi campuran tepung bawang putih Allium sativum-meniran Phyllanthus niruri dalam pakan terhadap pencegahan infeksi bakteri S. agalactiae pada ikan nila. Empat konsentrasi campuran tepung bawang putih-meniran yaitu 20+5 ppt, 20+10 ppt, 20+15 ppt dan 20+20 ppt masing-masing diuji kemampuannya dalam menghambat bakteri patogen pada ikan. Campuran dosis 20+15 ppt menghasilkan zona hambat terbaik dalam uji in vitro. Uji in vivo terdiri atas tiga perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan yaitu kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, dan perlakuan pakan yang mengandung bawang putih-meniran (BM). Uji ini dilakukan pada ikan nila berbobot 10,33±1,63 g yang dipelihara di akuarium dengan kepadatan 10 ekor/akuarium. Ikan diberi pakan perlakuan selama 14 hari kemudian diinjeksi secara intraperitoneal dengan bakteri S. agalactiae sebanyak 0,1 mL dengan kepadatan 105 cfu/mL pada perlakuan kontrol positif dan perlakuan BM. Parameter kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan, respons pakan, parameter hematologi, dan kualitas air diamati selama sepuluh hari. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian BM dalam pakan memberikan laju pertumbuhan, respons pakan, dan sintasan (83,3%) yang lebih baik daripada kontrol positif (36,7%) pada P<0,05. Pakan yang mengandung campuran bawang putih-meniran ini juga mampu meningkatkan respons imun dengan adanya peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis. Kata kunci: Streptococcus agalactiae, fitofarmaka, Allium sativum-Phyllanthus niruri, ikan nila

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The Ethanol Extract of Avocado (Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae)) Seeds Successfully Induces Implant Regression and Restores Ovarian Dynamic in a Rat Model of Endometriosis

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/8521831 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Stéphane Minko Essono ◽

Marie Alfrede Mvondo ◽

Esther Ngadjui ◽

François Xavier Kemka Nguimatio ◽

Pierre Watcho

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Extract ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Persea Americana ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Female Wistar Rats

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease with conventional therapies which do not have desirable effectiveness and possess many side effects. Scientific evidences suggest that medicinal plants with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and/or antiproliferative properties are potential alternatives for the treatment of endometriosis. The ethanol extract of Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae) seeds was found exhibiting antiproliferative properties in vitro and in vivo. This study therefore is aimed at investigating the effects of such an extract on an experimental model of endometriosis. Endometriosis was induced by grafting uterine fragments onto the peritoneum of female Wistar rats. After checking the success of the transplantation surgery, animals with endometriosis were orally treated with the ethanol extract of P. americana seeds at the doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg. The positive control was treated with letrozole (10 mg/kg) while the negative control received the vehicle. Treatments lasted 7 days and animals were sacrificed thereafter. Endometrial implant volume was determined. Estradiol and progesterone levels were measured in serum samples and endometriosis lesions. The oxidative status of endometriosis lesions was evaluated. Histological analysis of endometriosis lesions, uterus, and ovaries was also performed. Results showed that the ethanol extract of P. americana seeds decreased endometrial implant volume (p<0.001) and serum levels of estradiol and progesterone (p<0.01). The levels of estradiol also decreased in endometriosis lesions at doses of 12.5 and 50 mg/kg (p<0.001). Both malondialdehyde and glutathione levels increased in endometriosis lesions (p<0.001). The ectopic endometrium height decreased and the number of antral follicles and corpora lutea (p<0.05) increased while that of luteinized unruptured follicles decreased (p<0.001). In conclusion, the ethanol extract of P. americana seeds displayed an antiendometriosis effect suggesting that it could be a potential alternative for the treatment of endometriosis.

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238 EFFICACY OF RECOMBINANT TRYPSIN AGAINST BOVINE HERPESVIRUS-1 ASSOCIATED WITH IN VITRO-DERIVED PORCINE EMBRYOS

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv19n1ab238 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 234 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. S. D. Marley ◽

M. D. Givens ◽

P. K. Galik ◽

K. P. Riddell ◽

D. A. Stringfellow

Keyword(s):

Virus Isolation ◽

Bovine Herpesvirus ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Bovine Herpesvirus 1 ◽

Herpesvirus 1 ◽

Porcine Origin

TrypLETM (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) is a recombinant, fungal, trypsin-like protease that is used as a substitute for porcine-origin trypsin in cell culture procedures. It is stable at room temperature and does not present the same risk of contamination as animal-origin trypsin. Previously, TrypLE SelectTM (10X) was shown to remove bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) from Day 7 in vivo-derived embryos (Marley et al. 2006 Reprod. Fert. Dev. 18, 213–214). The objective of this study was to determine if the same treatment would effectively remove BHV-1 from Day 7 zona pellucida-intact, in vitro-derived porcine embryos. Day 7 in vitro-derived morulae and blastocysts and non-fertile or degenerate embryos (NFD) were washed according to the International Embryo Transfer Society protocol. One group of 10 NFD was not exposed to virus and served as the negative control. The remaining embryos and 10 NFD were exposed to 106–108 PFU/mL BHV-1 (Colorado strain) for 1 h. Following exposure, one group of 10 NFD was washed and served as the positive control. The remaining developed embryos were divided into groups of 10 and washed and treated as described in Table 1. Following treatment, the embryos were sonicated in groups of 5 and assayed by virus isolation. The negative control embryos, as well as the embryos treated with porcine-origin trypsin, TrypLE Select (10X) for 7 min, and TrypLE Select (10X) diluted 1 : 2 for 10 min, were negative for virus. The positive control embryos in addition to the other treatments were positive on virus isolation (Table 1). Although, TrypLE Select (10X) does have some antiviral effect when used for 10 min, it was not completely effective, as shown by the positive virus isolation results of one group of 10 embryos. The groups treated with TrypLE Select (10X) diluted 1 : 2 for 10 min were negative for virus; however, if a larger sample size had been tested, positive groups might have occurred. Though using a recombinant trypsin product would be beneficial over using an animal-origin product, it is not known if TrypLE Select (10X) would render a single IVF embryo free of infectious virus. Further research would also need to be performed to assess the viability of embryos following treatment with TrypLE Select (10X). In addition, other recombinant trypsin products need to be evaluated to determine their efficacy against BHV-1 associated with IVF embryos. Table 1.Effect of recombinant trypsin-like proteases on BHV-1 virus in porcine embryos

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140 INTRAUTERINE INOCULATION OF CATTLE WITH BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS SIMULTANEOUS TO TRANSFER OF IN VIVO-DERIVED BOVINE EMBRYOS

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv21n1ab140 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 169

Author(s):

J. A. Gard ◽

M. D. Givens ◽

P. K. Galik ◽

M. S. D. Marley ◽

K. P. Riddell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽

Bovine Embryos ◽

Diarrhea Virus ◽

Viral Diarrhea ◽

In Vitro Exposure ◽

Viral Diarrhea Virus

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has been shown to be associated with single transferable in vivo-derived and in vitro-produced bovine embryos despite washing. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of BVDV to be transmitted via the intrauterine route at the time of embryo transfer. A total of 10 in vivo-derived Day 7 bovine embryos were nonsurgically collected from a BVDV negative and seronegative donor cow. After collection, embryos were washed in accordance with the International Embryo Transfer Society (IETS) standards. Following washing, embryos were placed into transfer media containing BVDV (SD-1; type 1a). The embryos were immediately aspirated into 0.25-mL straws and transferred into seronegative recipients (Day 0). The total quantity of virus transferred into the uterus of each recipient was 900 to 1000 cell culture infective dose 50 (CCID50)/straw. This amount of virus was previously shown to be consistent with the average amount of BVDV associated with in vivo-derived and in vitro-produced embryos following standard IETS washing procedures after in vitro exposure to virus. The positive control heifer received 1.5 × 106 CCID50/straw of BVDV without an embryo. The negative control heifer received 1.5 × 106 CCID50/straw of heat-inactivated BVDV without an embryo. Serum and buffy coat samples were drawn from all heifers on Days 0, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, and 30 after inoculation and analyzed for serum neutralizing antibodies and virus, respectively. The positive control heifer and all recipients of virus-exposed embryos exhibited viremia by Day 6 and seroconverted by Day 15. The negative control heifer did not exhibit viremia or seroconvert. All recipients receiving embryos were assessed for pregnancy using transrectal ultrasonography on Day 30 and 6 of 10 heifers were pregnant. On Day 60 the pregnant heifers were again assessed for pregnancy using transrectal ultrasonography. At this time only 1 of the 6 heifers was still pregnant. However, the fetus was determined to be nonviable and was removed via colpotomy. The fetus, fetal fluids and membranes were determined to be positive for BVDV via immunohistochemistry and PCR. Additionally, 213 base pairs of the 5′ nontranslated region of this PCR product were sequenced and found to be consistent with the inoculated strain. Results demonstrate that the average quantity of BVDV associated with bovine embryos after in vitro exposure and washing can result in viremia and seroconversion of seronegative recipients following transfer into the uterus during diestrus.

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Control of Alternaria alternata Using Melaleuca Essential Oil (Melaleuca alternifolia)

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2019/v40i330364 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Flávia Mota de Figuerêdo Alves ◽

Kevison Romulo da Silva França ◽

Ionaly Gomes de Araújo ◽

Lídia Pinheiro da Nóbrega ◽

Alda Leaby dos Santos Xavier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Alternaria Alternata ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Growth Speed ◽

In Vitro Test

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the fungitoxic potential of melaleuca essential oil on the mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata under in vitro condition and the treatment of cowpea beans. Study Design: The experiments comprised completely randomized designs: Eleven treatments with five replicates on in vitro test; and six treatments with five replicates on in vivo test. Place and Duration of Study: The work was carried out at the Center for Agrifood Science and Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal, Brazil, since February 2018 to February 2019. Methodology: In the in vitro experiment, the essential oil was incorporated into the culture medium and poured into Petri dishes. The treatments consisted of different concentrations of the essential oil (0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0%), a negative control (0.0%), and a positive control (Thiram). Discs of culture medium with fungal mycelia were inoculated in the center of the plates and incubated for seven days at 27±2ºC. The percentage of mycelial growth inhibition (PGI) and the index of mycelial growth speed (IMGS) was calculated to verify the difference between treatments. In the in vivo experiment, the bean seeds were treated with different concentrations of EO (0.0, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0%), a negative control (0.0%), and positive control (Thiram). Seeds were inoculated with colonies of the fungus for 48 hours, and after that, we performed the seed sanity test. Results: Under in vitro conditions, all concentrations of melaleuca essential oil reduced the mycelial growth of A. alternata. The oil reached complete inhibition of fungal growth from 0.2% concentration and above. In the cowpea treatment, the essential oil had no significant control over the percentage of infected seeds. Conclusion: The melaleuca essential oil had a fungitoxic effect on the A. alternata under in vitro conditions. However, using the adopted methodology, on the cowpea bean seed treatment, the essential oil did not reduce the incidence of A. alternata.

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IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES OF ANTIHYPERURICEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FROM BULBS OF BAWANG TIWAI (ELEUTHERINE PALMIFOLIA (L.) MERR.) FROM INDONESIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v12i1.30550 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 497

Author(s):

Dian Ratih Laksmitawati ◽

Rininta Firdaus ◽

Mediana Astika Zein

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Body Weight ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Inhibit Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Plasma Malondialdehyde

Objectives: This study would like to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and in vitro xanthine oxidase activity of the bulbs. This study performs in vivo assays to study the antihyperuricemic activity and antioxidant in the hyperuricemic rat through plasma malondialdehyde measurement. Method: The study was conducted by testing the fresh bulbs of bawang tiwai (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr. with chemical solvent of ethanol 70% to extract the bulbs. Allopurinol and Vitamin C were used as positive control for the antihyperuricemic assay and antioxidant assay, respectively. Other chemical substances were also used in this study. This study used chicken extract (Brands) 20 ml/kg/body weight to induce the level of uric acid in the blood serum, and potassium oxonate (Sigma 156124) to inhibit the uricase in rats. Results: The results show that the levels of uric acid were measured using spectrophotometer with dichloro-hydroxybenzen sulfonate (Biolabo) a as reagent. The ethanol extract of bawang tiwai (EBT) (E. palmifolia (L.) Merr) was potential to reduce uric acid level at 140, 280, and 560 mg/kg body weight, but possibly without inhibition against xanthine oxydase activity. Conclusion: All doses of EBT could inhibit lipid peroxidation in hyperuricemic condition caused by high purine diet in 14 days.

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