scholarly journals Bay Leaf (Laurus Nobilis L.) Incense Improved Scopolamine-Induced Amnesic Rats by Restoring Cholinergic Dysfunction and Brain Antioxidant Status

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Ion Brinza ◽  
Razvan Stefan Boiangiu ◽  
Monica Hancianu ◽  
Oana Cioanca ◽  
Ilkay Erdogan Orhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cholinergic System ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometry

Bay leaf (Laurus nobilis L.) has been shown to possesses various biological activities such as wound healing activity, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, antiviral activity, immunostimulant activity, anticholinergic activity, antifungal activity, insect repellant activity, anticonvulsant activity, antimutagenic activity, and analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. The present study aimed to investigate whether the bay leaf incense (BL) elicits the memory formation via the action on the cholinergic system using a scopolamine (Sco)-induced rat model. Rats were exposed to BL over 5 min in a smoking chamber apparatus once daily for 22 days, whereas memory impairment was induced by Sco (0.7 mg/kg), a muscarinic receptor antagonist, delivered 30 min before each behavioral test. The phytochemical composition of BL was achieved by gas chromatograph–mass spectrometry (GCMS). Behavioral effects in rats were assessed by Y-maze, radial arm maze (RAM), and novel object recognition (NOR) paradigms. Additionally, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the oxidative stress markers in the rat hippocampus were also evaluated. Exposure to BL significantly ameliorated Sco-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus. The obtained results suggested that BL-induced ameliorative cognitive effects are mediated by enhancement of the cholinergic system and antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Ellagic Acid ameliorates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Hyperalgesia in Rat: Involvement of Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siamak Shahidi ◽  
◽  
Alireza Komaki ◽  
Safoura Raoufi ◽  
Iraj Salehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Background/Aim: Hyperalgesia is one of the current complications of diabetes mellitus that Oxidative stress and inflammation have principal role in its development. Ellagic Acid (EA) as a herbal component, has some biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study was designed to evaluate the possible beneficial effect of EA on hyperalgesia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into control(vehicle received), diabetic, EA (25, 50 mg/kg)-treated control and EA(25, 50 mg/kg)-treated diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/Kg). EA was administered daily by oral gavage for 4 weeks. Hyperalgesia was assessed using tail flick (TF) and hot plate (HP) tests. Also, oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the serum were evaluated. Results: Diabetic animals showed marked reductions in TF and HP latencies, elevation of serum MDA level and TOS and diminution of serum TAC compared to controls significantly. Treatment of Diabetic rats with EA ameliorated reduction of TF latency at the dose of 25 mg/kg and HP latency at the dose of 50 mg/kg. Furthermore EA significantly increased TAC and decreased MDA level at dose of 50 mg/kg and reduced TOS at both doses in the serum of diabetic animals. In EA treated normal rats we could see no significant alterations in the parameters studied. Conclusion: These results displayed potent antinociceptive effect of EA in diabetic rats via attenuating oxidative stress. This proposes therapeutic potential of EA for damping diabetic hyperalgesia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Fracture Admitted to Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital in Zahedan

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Karajibani ◽  
Farzaneh Montazerifar ◽  
Faezeh Kazemi ◽  
Ali Reza Dashipour
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Mean

Background: Caused by an imbalance in the body’s oxidant and antioxidant status, oxidative stress can give rise to tissue damage and exacerbation of many diseases. Objectives: This study investigated the oxidative stress markers in patients with fractures and healthy subjects. Methods: In a cross-sectional case-control study, 40 patients with fractures admitted to an orthopedic ward and 40 healthy, non-fractured patients were selected using convenience sampling. Serum was analyzed for oxidant and antioxidant activities based on standard methods. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant difference in mean TAC between the case (748.2 ± 302.83 μmol/L) and control (984.90 ± 207.02 μmol/L) groups (P = 0.003). The mean MDA was 16.61 ± 4.16 µmol/L in the case group and 18.45 ± 5.43 µmol/L in the control group (P = 0.09). The mean SOD was 63.41 ± 16.67 U/g Hb in the case group and 58.54 ± 21.83 U/g Hb in the control group (P = 0.2). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of BMI and other variables. Conclusions: A significant difference existed in TAC between the two groups, which indicated increased oxidative stress in patients. However, oxidative stress could occur before and after undergoing fractures. The results suggested a slight, but not significant, difference between the two groups in the SOD and MDA scores. More conclusive results are required to determine the enzymatic and non-enzymatic markers of oxidative stress in larger sample sizes and during different stages of treatment.

Evaluation of oxidative stress markers and intra-extracellular antioxidant activities in patients with endometriosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 164-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esengul Turkyilmaz ◽  
Melahat Yildirim ◽  
Busra Demir Cendek ◽  
Pervin Baran ◽  
Murat Alisik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers

Rutin ameliorates scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairments through enhancement of antioxidant defense system and cholinergic signaling

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail O. Ishola ◽  
Taiwo G. Olubodun-Obadun ◽  
Mariam A. Ojulari ◽  
Olufunmilayo O. Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Spatial Learning ◽  
Cholinergic System ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Cholinergic Systems ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Y Maze

AbstractObjectivesThe brain’s cholinergic system occupies a central role in normal cognition and age-related cognitive decline, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study sought to investigate the role of antioxidant defense and cholinergic systems on rutin-induced antiamnesia in mice.MethodsRutin (1, 5, or 50 mg/kg, p.o.) or vehicle (10 ml/kg, p.o.) was administered for three consecutive days. One hour post-treatment on day 3, scopolamine (3 mg/kg, i.p) was given, 5 min post-scopolamine injection, open field, Y-maze, or Morris water maze (MWM) (five days consecutive training sessions) tasks was carried out. The mice were sacrificed on day 7 to assays for biomarkers of oxidative stress and cholinergic system.ResultsScopolamine significantly reduced spontaneous alternation behavior in Y-maze and prolonged escape latency in MWM tasks when compared to vehicle-treated control indicative of working memory and spatial learning deficits. However, the pretreatment of mice with rutin (1, 5, or 50 mg/kg) prevented scopolamine-induced working memory and spatial learning impairments without affecting spontaneous locomotor activity. Scopolamine-induced nitrosative/oxidative stress and increased acetylcholinesterase activity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were significantly attenuated by the pretreatment of mice with rutin.Conclusionsrutin restored cognitive function in scopolamine-induced amnesia through enhancement of antioxidant defense and cholinergic systems.

scholarly journals The Effects of Bilirubin and Lumirubin on Metabolic and Oxidative Stress Markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleš Dvořák ◽  
Kateřina Pospíšilová ◽  
Kateřina Žížalová ◽  
Nikola Capková ◽  
Lucie Muchová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Photo Oxidation ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

For severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia the gold standard treatment is phototherapy with blue-green light, producing more polar photo-oxidation products, believed to be non-toxic. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of bilirubin (BR) and lumirubin (LR), the major BR photo-oxidation product, on metabolic and oxidative stress markers. The biological activities of these pigments were investigated on several human and murine cell lines, with the focus on mitochondrial respiration, substrate metabolism, reactive oxygen species production, and the overall effects on cell viability. Compared to BR, LR was found to be much less toxic, while still maintaining a similar antioxidant capacity in the serum as well as suppressing activity leading to mitochondrial superoxide production. Nevertheless, due to its lower lipophilicity, LR was less efficient in preventing lipoperoxidation. The cytotoxicity of BR was affected by the cellular glycolytic reserve, most compromised in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. The observed effects were correlated with changes in the production of tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites. Both BR and LR modulated expression of PPARα downstream effectors involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. Proinflammatory effects of BR, evidenced by increased expression of TNFα upon exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide, were observed in murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells. Collectively, these data point to the biological effects of BR and its photo-oxidation products, which might have clinical relevance in phototherapy-treated hyperbilirubinemic neonates and adult patients.

scholarly journals Polychlorinated Biphenyls-Induced Oxidative Stress on Rat Hippocampus: A Neuroprotective Role of Quercetin

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kandaswamy Selvakumar ◽  
Senthamilselvan Bavithra ◽  
Gunasekaran Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Prabhu Venkataraman ◽  
Jagadeesan Arunakaran
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Group I ◽  
Brain Oxidative Stress

Present study is aimed to evaluate the ameliorative role of quercetin on PCBs-induced oxidative stress in hippocampus of Wistar rats.Group Irats received vehicle (corn oil) intraperitoneally (i.p);Group IIreceived quercetin 50 mg/kg bwt/day (gavage);Group IIIreceived PCB 2 mg/kg bwt/day (i.p);Group IVreceived PCB (i.p) and simultaneously quercetin through gavage. After 30 days, rats were euthanized and hippocampus was dissected from each rat brain. Oxidative stress was assessed by determining the levels of H2O2, LPO, Pcc, and alteration in the functional markers such as CK, AchE, and ATPases activities in the hippocampus of control and experimental animals. A significant increase in the levels of stress markers and decrease in level of functional markers were observed in PCBs-treated rats. Moreover DNA fragmentation and histological studies were ascertained to confirm PCBs toxicity. In conclusion, quercetin shows a protective role against PCBs-induced oxidative damage in rat hippocampus.

Topical melatonin niosome gel for the treatment of 5-FU-induced oral mucositis in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prangtip Uthaiwat ◽  
Jureerut Daduang ◽  
Aroonsri Priprem ◽  
Chatri Settasatian ◽  
Sirinart Chio-Srichan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oral Mucositis ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Fluocinolone Acetonide ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Average Body

Background: Oral mucositis, one of the most common complications of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment, leads to several problems, including pain, diarrhea and malnutrition, and reduces the quality of life and subsequent treatments. Melatonin, a neurohormone with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, was encapsulated in niosomes and embedded in a mucoadhesive gel formulation as a Melatonin Niosome Gel (MNG) to perform oral mucositis treatment. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of MNG for the treatment of 5-FU-induced oral mucositis in mice. Methods: Oral mucositis was induced in ICR mice by 5-FU and randomly assigned to receive daily applications of the topical oral MNG, a fluocinolone acetonide gel, a blank niosome gel, or no treatment for 5 days in comparison with a normal group. Average body weights, food consumption, and behaviors of the mice as well as microscopic histopathology, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and oxidative stress markers of the tongues were monitored and collected after sacrifice. In comparison to the normal group, the average body weights of the 5-FU-MNG mice did not deviate from that of the normal group, nor was there a significant difference in the time to sleep or licking (p>0.05 for both parameters). Results: In addition, the mice treated with MNG and fluocinolone acetonide did not show significantly different histopathological, FTIR, interleukin-1β or malondialdehyde (MDA) results in the tongues used as the oral tissue samples. Conclusion: This leads to the conclusion that topical MNG potentially inhibits inflammation and lipid oxidative stress in 5-FUinduced oral mucositis.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Struchium sparganophora leaves in alloxan-induced oxidative stress-mediated diabetes in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Adeosun ◽  
F. O. Asejeje ◽  
O. M. Ighodaro ◽  
B. A. Oluwole ◽  
O. A. Akinloye
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Stress Markers

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is clinically underlined by hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. In view of this, the current study assessed the glycemic and lipidemic control potentials of methanol extract of Sruchium sparganophora leaves (SPA) in the alloxan-induced diabetic model using male Wistar rats. Experimental diabetes was induced through a single intraperitoneal injection of 120 mg/kg freshly prepared alloxan. Thirty-six rats were randomly assigned into six groups of normoglycemic control, untreated diabetic group, and diabetic treated with (i) metformin (12 mg), (ii) metformin 12 mg + SPA 300 mg/kg, (iii) SPA 300 mg/kg, and (iv) SPA 600 mg/kg per os twice at 9.00 and 18.00 h daily for 10 days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and markers of dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress markers were determined. Results SPA at selected doses decreased fasting blood glucose which was significantly (p < 0.05) raised by alloxan. Increase in plasma total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) concentrations and decrease in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration (p < 0.05) caused by alloxan were significantly moderated by SPA at selected doses. Glutathione-s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities reduced by alloxan (p < 0.05) in both the liver and pancreas were reversed by SPA 300 and 600, and its combination with metformin. Decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in alloxan diabetic rats was also reversed by the extract, while the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) exacerbated by alloxan (p < 0.05) in the tissues was decreased by the extracts. Conclusion Struchium sparganophora possesses considerable antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant potentials without compromising organ functionality.

scholarly journals 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives: Dihydronicotinamide Analogues—Model Compounds Targeting Oxidative Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrida Velena ◽  
Neven Zarkovic ◽  
Koraljka Gall Troselj ◽  
Egils Bisenieks ◽  
Aivars Krauze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Calcium Agonists ◽  
Pharmacological Model ◽  
Dihydropyridine Derivatives

Many 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) possess redox properties. In this review DHPs are surveyed as protectors against oxidative stress (OS) and related disorders, considering the DHPs as specific group of potential antioxidants with bioprotective capacities. They have several peculiarities related to antioxidant activity (AOA). Several commercially available calcium antagonist, 1,4-DHP drugs, their metabolites, and calcium agonists were shown to express AOA. Synthesis, hydrogen donor properties, AOA, and methods and approaches used to reveal biological activities of various groups of 1,4-DHPs are presented. Examples of DHPs antioxidant activities and protective effects of DHPs against OS induced damage in low density lipoproteins (LDL), mitochondria, microsomes, isolated cells, and cell cultures are highlighted. Comparison of the AOA of different DHPs and other antioxidants is also given. According to the data presented, the DHPs might be considered as bellwether among synthetic compounds targeting OS and potential pharmacological model compounds targeting oxidative stress important for medicinal chemistry.

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