scholarly journals Effects of Apocynin on Heart Muscle Oxidative Stress of Rats with Experimental Diabetes: Implications for Mitochondria

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Estefanía Bravo-Sánchez ◽  
Donovan Peña-Montes ◽  
Sarai Sánchez-Duarte ◽  
Alfredo Saavedra-Molina ◽  
Elizabeth Sánchez-Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Diabetes mellitus (DM) constitutes one of the public health problems today. It is characterized by hyperglycemia through a defect in the β-cells function and/or decreased insulin sensitivity. Apocynin has been tasted acting directly as an NADPH oxidase inhibitor and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, exhibiting beneficial effects against diabetic complications. Hence, the present study’s goal was to dissect the possible mechanisms by which apocynin could mediate its cardioprotective effect against DM-induced oxidative stress. Male Wistar rats were assigned into 4 groups: Control (C), control + apocynin (C+A), diabetes (D), diabetes + apocynin (D+A). DM was induced with streptozotocin. Apocynin treatment (3 mg/kg/day) was applied for 5 weeks. Treatment significantly decreased blood glucose levels and insulin resistance in diabetic rats. In cardiac tissue, ROS levels were higher, and catalase enzyme activity was reduced in the D group compared to the C group; the apocynin treatment significantly attenuated these responses. In heart mitochondria, Complexes I and II of the electron transport chain (ETC) were significantly enhanced in the D+A group. Total glutathione, the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the GSH/ oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio were increased in the D+A group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were without change. Apocynin enhances glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity, preserving the antioxidant defense and mitochondrial function.

scholarly journals Vanadyl Sulfate Treatment Stimulates Proliferation and Regeneration of Beta Cells in Pancreatic Islets

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Missaoui ◽  
Khémais Ben Rhouma ◽  
Mohamed-Tahar Yacoubi ◽  
Mohsen Sakly ◽  
Olfa Tebourbi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

We examined the effects of vanadium sulfate (VOSO4) treatment at 5 and 10 mg/kg for 30 days on endocrine pancreas activity and histology in nondiabetic and STZ-induced diabetic rats. In diabetic group, blood glucose levels significantly increased while insulinemia level markedly decreased. At the end of treatment, VOSO4at a dose of 10 mg/Kg normalized blood glucose level in diabetic group, restored insulinemia, and significantly improved insulin sensitivity. VOSO4also increased in a dose-dependent manner the number of insulin immunopositive beta cells in pancreatic islets of nondiabetic rats. Furthermore, in the STZ-diabetic group, the decrease in the number of insulin immunopositive beta cells was corrected to reach the control level mainly with the higher dose of vanadium. Therefore, VOSO4treatment normalized plasma glucose and insulin levels and improved insulin sensitivity in STZ-experimental diabetes and induced beta cells proliferation and/or regeneration in normal or diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Isosteviol ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats by inhibiting ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Gao Tang ◽  
Xiao-Yu Liu ◽  
Ji-Ming Ye ◽  
Ting-Ting Hu ◽  
Ying-Ying Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Glucose Plasma

Diabetes-induced injury of myocardium, defined as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), accounts for significant mortality and morbidity in diabetic population. Alleviation of DCM by a potent drug remains considerable interests in experimental and clinical researches because hypoglycemic drugs cannot effectively control this condition. Here, we explored the beneficial effects of isosteviol sodium (STVNa) on type 1 diabetes-induced DCM and the potential mechanisms involved. Male Wistar rats were induced to diabetes by injection of streptozotocin (STZ). One week later, diabetic rats were randomly grouped to receive STVNa (STZ/STVNa) or its vehicle (STZ). After 11 weeks of treatment or 11 weeks treatment following 4 weeks of removal of the treatment, the cardiac function and structure were evaluated and related mechanisms were investigated. In diabetic rats, oxidative stress, inflammation, blood glucose and plasma advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were significantly increased, whereas superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD-2) expression and activity were decreased. STVNa treatment inhibited cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and inflammation, showed similar ratio of heart to body weight and antioxidant capacities almost similar to the normal controls, which can be sustained at least 4 weeks. Moreover, STVNa inhibited diabetes-inducted stimulation of both extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signal pathways. However, blood glucose, plasma AGE and insulin levels were not altered by STVNa treatment. These results indicate that STVNa may be developed into a potent therapy for DCM. The mechanism underlying this therapeutic effect involves the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation by inhibiting ERK and NF-κB without changing blood glucose or AGEs.

Hypoglycemic properties of pectine from pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima d.) in a model of alloxan-induced type 1 diabete mellitus

2018 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Т.В. Федорова ◽  
А.А. Торкова ◽  
К.В. Лисицкая ◽  
И.Б. Алчинова
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
Experimental Group

Биохимическим маркером сахарного диабета и его тяжелейших осложнений является гипергликемия. В качестве новых средств растительного происхождения, обладающих гипогликемической активностью, в настоящее время рассматривают пектины. Цель исследования - оценка функциональных свойств пектина, полученного из тыквенного жома с использованием кавитационно-мембранной технологии. Методика. Использована модель аллоксан-индуцированного сахарного диабета. Эксперимент проводили на крысах - самцах Wistar (инъекции раствора аллоксана моногидрата из расчета 43 мг/кг массы). Развитие диабета подтверждалось уровнем глюкозы (>10 мМ) в периферической крови. Для тестирования гипогликемической активности тыквенного пектина опытной группе крыс внутрижелудочно с помощью металлического зонда (Kent Scientific, США) вводили 5% раствор пектина в дистиллированной воде в дозировке 25 мг/100 г живой массы в сутки в течение 3 нед. Пектин, полученный из тыквенного жома с использованием кавитационно-мембранной технологии, имел следующие характеристики: диапазон молекулярных масс 90-120 кДа, содержание полигалактуроновой кислоты в среднем около 75% и степень этерификации 72%, что позволяет его отнести к пектинам с высокой степенью этерификации. Результаты. У животных 2-й и 3-й групп по истечении 1-3 нед. после воспроизведении диабета выявлена гипергликемия - уровень глюкозы в цельной крови был значимо выше. Статистический анализ «size effect» показал, что в начале эксперимента различия в уровне глюкозы в крови животных 2-й и 3-й групп незначительны (d = 0,39). Через 3 нед. они достигают среднего эффекта (d = 0,50). Этот факт можно расценивать как тенденцию к нормализации уровня глюкозы на фоне приема тыквенного пектина. Значимое снижение сывороточной концентрации фруктозамина в опытной группе показало гипогликемический эффект тыквенного пектина. Введение пектина животным также снижало содержание холестерина в печени и сывороточную концентрацию неэстерефицированных жирных кислот (НЭЖК), демонстрируя его гипохолестеринемические свойства. Антиоксидантные свойства пектина проявлялись нормализацией уровня ТБК-реактивных продуктов в сыворотке крови опытной группы животных. Заключение. Подтверждены гипогликемический, гипохолестеринемический и антиоксидантный эффекты пектина из тыквы (Cucurbita maxima D.) при аллоксан-индуцированном сахарном диабете. Hyperglycemia is a biochemically defined initial symptom of diabetes and its serious complications (atherosclerosis, retinopathy, kidney damage). Pectins are currently considered as novel plant-produced hypoglycemic agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate bio-functional properties of pumpkin pectin obtained from pumpkin pulp using cavitation-membrane technologies in a model of alloxan-induced diabetes. Methods. Male Wistar rats were used in the experiments. Diabetes was modeled by injections of 4.3% alloxan monohydrate solution. The development of diabetes was confirmed by glucose concentration in peripheral blood (glucose levels of >10 mM in whole blood was consistent with diabetes). To test the hypoglycemic activity of pumpkin pectin, a 5% pectin solution in distilled water was administered to rats of the experimental group (25 mg/100 g body weight, daily, for three weeks) through a metal gastric tube (Kent Scientific, USA). Results. A significant decrease of fructosamine concentration observed in the experimental group indicated a hypoglycemic effect of pectin. Administration of pectin to animals also reduced concentrations of cholesterol in liver and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) in blood serum, which demonstrated cholesterol-lowering properties of pectin. Antioxidant properties of pectin provided a decrease in serum TBA-reactive products to the level observed in non-diabetic rats, in pectin-treated diabetic animals compared to the untreated diabetic group.

scholarly journals Timbe (Acaciella angustissima) Pods Extracts Reduce the Levels of Glucose, Insulin and Improved Physiological Parameters, Hypolipidemic Effect, Oxidative Stress and Renal Damage in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Rodríguez-Méndez ◽  
Wendy Carmen-Sandoval ◽  
Consuelo Lomas-Soria ◽  
Ramón Guevara-González ◽  
Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Uptake Activity

In Mexico one in 14 deaths are caused by diabetes mellitus (DM) or by the macro and microvascular disorders derived from it. A continuous hyperglycemic state is characteristic of DM, resulting from a sustained state of insulin resistance and/or a dysfunction of β-pancreatic cells. Acaciella angustissima is a little studied species showing a significant antioxidant activity that can be used as treatment of this disease or preventive against the complications. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of oral administration of A. angustissima methanol extract on physiological parameters of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The results indicated a significant reduction in blood glucose levels, an increase in serum insulin concentration, a decrease in lipid levels and an improvement in the parameters of kidney damage by applying a concentration of 100 mg/Kg B.W. However, glucose uptake activity was not observed in the adipocyte assay. Moreover, the extract of A. angustissima displayed potential for the complementary treatment of diabetes and its complications likely due to the presence of bioactive compounds such as protocatechuic acid. This study demonstrated that methanol extract of Acacciella angustissima has an antidiabetic effect by reducing the levels of glucose, insulin and improved physiological parameters, hypolipidemic effect, oxidative stress and renal damage in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Aminoguanidine on Skin Flap Survival in Diabetic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Ozturk ◽  
Cemal Fırat ◽  
Hakan Parlakpınar ◽  
Aysun Bay-Karabulut ◽  
Hale Kirimlioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Flap ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Flap Viability ◽  
Skin Flap Survival

Random flaps in DM patients have poor reliability for wound coverage, and flap loss remains a complex challenge. The protective effects of aminoguanidine (AG) administration on the survival of dorsal random flaps and oxidative stress were studied in diabetic rats. Two months after the onset of DM, dorsal McFarlane flaps were raised. Forty rats were divided into four groups: (1) control, (2) AG, (3) DM, and (4) DM + AG groups. Flap viability, determined with the planimetric method, and free-radical measurements were investigated. In addition, HbA1c and blood glucose levels, body weight measurements, and histopathological examinations were evaluated. The mean flap necrotic areas (%) in Groups I to IV were 50.9 ± 13.0, 32.9 ± 12.5, 65.2 ± 11.5, and 43.5 ± 14.7, respectively. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were higher in the DM group than in the nondiabetic group, while the reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were reduced as a result of flap injury. In the diabetic and nondiabetic groups, AG administration significantly reduced the MDA and NO levels and significantly increased GSH content and SOD enzyme activity. We concluded that AG plays an important role in preventing random pattern flap necrosis.

Treatment with N-acetylcysteine does not alter blood glucose levels and the oxidative stress status in diabetic rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
AndréValle de Bairros ◽  
Fernando de Freitas ◽  
Mirna Leal ◽  
Cinthia Mazzanti ◽  
AnaPaula Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status

scholarly journals Increased basal level of Akt-dependent insulin signaling may be responsible for the development of insulin resistance

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (4) ◽  
pp. E898-E906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Yu Liu ◽  
Tao Hong ◽  
Ge-Bo Wen ◽  
Jianmin Han ◽  
Degen Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Triglyceride Content

A majority of subjects with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia can maintain their blood glucose levels normal for the whole life presumably through protein kinase B (Akt)-dependent insulin signaling. In this study, we found that the basal Akt phosphorylation level was increased in liver and gastrocnemius of mice under the high-fat diet (HFD). Levels of mitochondrial DNA and expression of some mitochondrion-associated genes were decreased by the HFD primarily in liver. Triglyceride content was increased in both liver and gastrocnemius by the HFD. Oxidative stress was induced by the HFD in both liver and gastrocnemius. Insulin sensitivity was decreased by the HFD. All of these changes were largely or completely reversed by treatment of animals with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY-294002 during the time when animals usually do not eat. Consequently, the overall insulin sensitivity was increased by treatment with LY-294002. Together, our results indicate that increased basal Akt-dependent insulin signaling suppresses mitochondrial production, increases ectopic fat accumulation, induces oxidative stress, and desensitizes insulin signaling in subjects with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia.

Dietary restriction and fibre supplementation: oxidative stress and metabolic shifting for cardiac health

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 1042-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeda S Diniz ◽  
Antonio C Cicogna ◽  
Carlos R Padovani ◽  
Maeli D.P Silva ◽  
Luciane A Faine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Dietary modification ought to be the first line of strategy in prevention of the development of cardiac disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether dietary restriction, dietary-fibre-enriched diet, and their interactions might affect antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress in cardiac tissue. Male Wistar rats (180–200 g; n = 10) were divided into four groups: control ad libitum diet (C), 50% restricted diet (DR), fed with fibre-enriched diet (F), and 50% restricted fibre-enriched diet (DR-F). After 35 days of the treatments, F, DR, and DR-F rats showed low cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triacylglycerol, and high HDL-cholesterol in serum. The DR, DR-F, and F groups had decreased myocardial lipoperoxide and lipid hydroperoxide. The DR-F and F treatments increased superoxide dismutase and glutatione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The DR treatment increased GSH-Px and catalase activities. Dietary fibre beneficial effects were related to metabolic alterations. The F and DR-F groups showed high cardiac glycogen and low lactate dehydrogenase/citrate synthase ratios, indicating diminished anaerobic and elevated aerobic myocardial metabolism in these animals. There was no synergistic effect between dietary restriction and dietary fibre addition, since no differences were observed in markers of oxidative stress in the F and DR-F groups. Dietary fibre supplementation, rather than energy intake and dietary restriction, appears to be the main process retarding oxidative stress in cardiac tissue.Key words: dietary fibre, dietary restriction, cardiac tissue, oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Decrease of Klotho in the Kidney of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Fu Cheng ◽  
Li-Jen Chen ◽  
Juei-Tang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Renal Functions ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Convoluted Tubules ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Darby Canine Kidney

Theklothogene is expressed in a limited number of tissues, most notably in distal convoluted tubules in the kidney and choroid plexus in the brain. A previous study suggested that Klotho increases resistance to oxidative stress. However, changes of Klotho expression in high glucose-induced oxidative stress remain unclear. In the present study, we used streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ rats) to examine the effects of insulin, phloridzin or antioxidant, tiron on diabetic nephropathy. Both insulin and phloridzin reversed the lower Klotho expression levels in kidneys of STZ rats by the correction of hyperglycemia. Also, renal functions were improved by these treatments. In addition to the improvement of renal functions, the decrease of Klotho expression in kidney of STZ rats was also reversed by tiron without changing blood glucose levels. The reduction of oxidative stress induced by high glucose can be considered for this action of tiron. This view was further confirmed in vitro using high glucose-exposed Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells. Thus, we suggest that decrease of oxidative stress is not only responsible for the improvement of renal function but also for the recovery of Klotho expression in kidney of STZ rats.

Effects of Low Intensity Exercise Against Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rat Heart

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (09) ◽  
pp. 583-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kanter ◽  
F. Aksu ◽  
M. Takir ◽  
O. Kostek ◽  
B. Kanter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low intensity exercise on heart of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods The rats were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: A (control), B (diabetic untreated), and C (diabetic treated with low intensity exercise); each group contains 8 animals. B and C groups received STZ. Diabetes was induced in 2 groups by a single intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of STZ (40 mg/kg, freshly dissolved in 0,1 M citrate buffer, pH 4.2). 2 days after STZ treatment, diabetes in 2 experimental groups was confirmed by measuring blood glucose levels. Rats with blood glucose levels of 250 mg/dl or higher were considered to be diabetic. Animals in the exercise group were made to run the treadmill once a day for 4 consecutive weeks. Exercise started 3 days prior to STZ administration. Results After induction of diabetes, histological abnormalities were observed, including myofibrillar loss, vacuolization of cytoplasm and irregularity of myofibrils. These alterations were attenuated by low intensity exercise. Our data indicates a significant reduction of oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes after exercise. Treatment of diabetic animals with low intensity exercise, decreased the elevated tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased the reduced activities of the enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) in cardiac tissue. Conclusion These findings suggest that low intensity exercise has a therapeutic protective effect in diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis, and by preservation of myocardial integrity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document