Impact of Plasma Oxidative Stress Markers on Post-race Recovery in Ultramarathon Runners: A Sex and Age Perspective Overview

Oxidative stress has been widely studied in association to ultra-endurance sports. Although it is clearly demonstrated the increase in reactive oxygen species and free radicals after these extreme endurance exercises, the effects on the antioxidant defenses and the oxidative damage to macromolecules, remain to be fully clarified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the impact of an ultramarathon race on the plasma markers of oxidative stress of 32 runners and their post-race recovery, with especial focused on sex and age effect. For this purpose, the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity, as well as the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) and the carbonyl groups (CG) content were measured before the race, in the finish line and 24 and 48 h after the race. We have reported an increase of the oxidative damage to lipids and proteins (MDA and CG) after the race and 48 h later. Moreover, there was an increase of the GR activity after the race. No changes were observed in runners’ plasma GPx activity throughout the study. Finally, we have observed sex and age differences regarding damage to macromolecules, but no differences were found regarding the antioxidant enzymes measured. Our results suggest that several basal plasma markers of oxidative stress might be related to the extent of muscle damage after an ultraendurance race and also might affect the muscle strength evolution.

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Effects of Vitamin D and Simvastatin on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences ◽

10.47631/jsrmbs.v2i3.297 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 39-50

Author(s):

Abdel-Moniem A. Makhlouf ◽

Atef M. Mahmoud ◽

Rania G. Ibrahim ◽

Yasmeen S. Abdel Aziz

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Vitamin D ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Male Rats ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Obese Rats ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D and Simvastatin (SIM) on a high-fat diet (HFD) induced-obese rats. Methods: 40 adult male rats were divided into four groups: control group, HFD, HFD + vitamin D, and HFD + SIM for 14 weeks. Vitamin D or SIM supplementation was done for the last 6 weeks. Vitamin D dosage was 500 IU/kg, while SIM dosage was 10 mg/kg. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration and markers of oxidative stress including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and reduced glutathione(GSH) concentrations in serum were determined using ELISA kits and spectrophotometry methods, respectively. Results: Treatment with vitamin D or SIM could significantly reduce IL-6 and MDA and increases SOD, GPx activities, and GSH levels. Oxidative stress can result not only from increased ROS production but also from dysfunctional antioxidant defenses. Conclusion: From the experimental results, it was observed that SIM and vitamin D could attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation markers associated with obesity.

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The Effects of Moderate, Strenuous, and Overtraining on Oxidative Stress Markers and DNA Repair in Rat Liver

Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1139/h05-114 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 186-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Helga Ogonovszky ◽

Maria Sasvári ◽

Agoston Dosek ◽

István Berkes ◽

Takao Kaneko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Rat Liver ◽

Nuclear Dna ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Carbonyl Derivative ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Cell Extracts

Physical exercise above a certain load has been suggested as being a cause of oxidative stress. We have tested whether training with moderate (MT), strenuous (ST), or over (OT) load can cause alterations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA damage, or activity of 8-oxoG-DNA glycosylase (OGG1) in rat liver. The levels of corticosterone decreased in all exercising groups but the differences were not significant. Adrenocorticotrophin hormone (ACTH) levels decreased, not significantly, in MT and OT compared to C. Activity levels of antioxidant enzymes did not change significantly in the liver. The levels of reactive carbonyl derivative (RCD) content decreased in the liver of exercising animals, and the differences reached significance between control and moderately trained groups. The changes in the levels of lipid peroxidation (LIPOX) were not significant, but were lower in the exercised groups. The 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels increased in the OT group, and the activity of OGG1 measured from crude cell extracts tended to increase in MT and ST. The findings of this study imply that overtraining induces oxidative damage to nuclear DNA, but not to liver lipids and proteins. Key words: exercise, oxidative damage, adaptation, OGG1

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Acylated Ghrelin and Circulatory Oxidative Stress Markers Responses to Acute Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Postmenopausal Women

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2015-0413 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 632-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Randhall B. Carteri ◽

André Luis Lopes ◽

Cinthia M. Schöler ◽

Cleiton Silva Correa ◽

Rodrigo C. Macedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Exercise Session ◽

Acylated Ghrelin ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Background:Since exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species in different tissues, the objective of this study is to evaluate, compare and correlate the acute effects of aerobic and resistance exercise in circulatory markers of oxidative stress and acylated ghrelin (AG) in postmenopausal women.Methods:Ten postmenopausal women completed different protocols: a control session (CON), an aerobic exercise session (AERO); and a single-set (SSR) or 3-set (MSR) resistance exercise protocol.Results:After exercise, both MSR (P = .06) and AERO (P = .02) sessions showed significant increased lipid peroxidation compared with baseline levels. CON and SSR sessions showed no differences after exercise. No differences were found between sessions at any time for total glutathione, glutathione dissulfide or AG concentrations.Conclusions:Exercise significantly increased lipid peroxidation compared with baseline values. As pro oxidant stimuli is necessary to promote chronic adaptations to the antioxidant defenses induced by exercise, our findings are important to consider when evaluating exercise programs prescription variables aiming quality of life in this population.

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Oxidative Damage in the Aging Heart: an Experimental Rat Model

The Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal ◽

10.2174/1874192401509010078 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 78-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gustavo Lenci Marques ◽

Francisco Filipak Neto ◽

Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽

Samuel Liebel ◽

Rogério de Fraga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Protein Carbonylation ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Complex Process ◽

Protein Thiols

Introduction: Several theories have been proposed to explain the cause of ‘aging’; however, the factors that affect this complex process are still poorly understood. Of these theories, the accumulation of oxidative damage over time is among the most accepted. Particularly, the heart is one of the most affected organs by oxidative stress. The current study, therefore, aimed to investigate oxidative stress markers in myocardial tissue of rats at different ages.Methods: Seventy-two rats were distributed into 6 groups of 12 animals each and maintained for 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. After euthanasia, the heart was removed and the levels of non-protein thiols, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were determined.Results:Superoxide dismutase, catalase activity and lipid peroxidation were reduced in the older groups of animals, when compared with the younger group. However, protein carbonylation showed an increase in the 12-month group followed by a decrease in the older groups. In addition, the levels of non-protein thiols were increased in the 12-month group and not detected in the older groups.Conclusion:Our data showed that oxidative stress is not associated with aging in the heart. However, an increase in non-protein thiols may be an important factor that compensates for the decrease of superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in the oldest rats, to maintain appropriate antioxidant defenses against oxidative insults.

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Blood Contamination in Saliva: Impact on the Measurement of Salivary Oxidative Stress Markers

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2015/479251 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Natália Kamodyová ◽

Lenka Baňasová ◽

Katarína Janšáková ◽

Ivana Koborová ◽

Ľubomíra Tóthová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Dental Hygiene ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Blood Contamination ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽

The Impact

Salivary oxidative stress markers represent a promising tool for monitoring of oral diseases. Saliva can often be contaminated by blood, especially in patients with periodontitis. The aim of our study was to examine the impact of blood contamination on the measurement of salivary oxidative stress markers. Saliva samples were collected from 10 healthy volunteers and were artificially contaminated with blood (final concentration 0.001–10%). Next, saliva was collected from 12 gingivitis and 10 control patients before and after dental hygiene treatment. Markers of oxidative stress were measured in all collected saliva samples. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and antioxidant status were changed in 1% blood-contaminated saliva. Salivary AOPP were increased in control and patients after dental treatment (by 45.7% and 34.1%,p<0.01). Salivary AGEs were decreased in patients after microinjury (by 69.3%,p<0.001). Salivary antioxidant status markers were decreased in both control and patients after dental treatment (p<0.05andp<0.01). One % blood contamination biased concentrations of salivary oxidative stress markers. Saliva samples with 1% blood contamination are visibly discolored and can be excluded from analyses without any specific biochemic detection of blood constituents. Salivary markers of oxidative stress were significantly altered in blood-contaminated saliva in control and patients with gingivitis after dental hygiene treatment.

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Cigarette Smoking and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2016.117 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 636-640 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Gordana Kamceva ◽

Zorica Arsova-Sarafinovska ◽

Tatjana Ruskovska ◽

Milka Zdravkovska ◽

Lidija Kamceva-Panova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Stress Concentration ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Biological Markers ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress

AIM: To determine whether cigarette smoking, as a risk factor for CAD, affects oxidative stress.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included patients with CAD divided according to smoking status and number of cigarettes smoked during a whole day. In all subjects were examined biological markers of oxidative stress (concentration of oxidants and activity of antioxidant enzymes).RESULTS: The study included 300 patients with CAD, with an average age of 62.97 ± 11.18 years, with a predominance of males. Of the total, 34.0% were active smokers, and 43.0% were non-smokers. The number of the most active smokers smoked cigarettes 1-20/day. In terms of concentration of oxidants (MDA and HP) it has not proved a significant difference between smokers versus non-smokers. Over the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPX) statistically significant difference was found in the activity of GPX and among active smokers with CAD and non-smokers with CAD (p = 0.039).CONCLUSION:Smoking as a risk factor for CAD is closely associated with increased oxidative stress and the number of cigarettes smoked plays an important role in increasing the level of oxidative damage and reduced antioxidant defence.AIM: To determine whether cigarette smoking, as a risk factor for CAD, affects (anti)oxidant status.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included patients with CAD, divided according to their smoking status and the number of cigarettes smoked during a day. Biological markers of oxidative stress (concentration of oxidants and activity of antioxidant enzymes) were measured in all subjects.RESULTS: The study included 300 patients with CAD, (average age of 63 ± 11 years), predominantly males. Of the total, 34.0% were active smokers, 23.0% were former smokers, and 43.0% were non-smokers. Most of the active smokers smoked 1-20 cigarettes/day. In terms of concentration of oxidants (MDA and HP) there was not a significant difference between smokers versus non-smokers. As for the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPX), a statistically significant difference was found in the activity of GPX among the active smokers with CAD and the non-smokers with CAD (p = 0.039). CONCLUSION: Smoking as a risk factor for CAD is closely associated with increased oxidative stress, and the number of cigarettes smoked plays an important role in increasing the level of oxidative damage and reducing antioxidant defence.

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Association between plasmatic oxidative stress and thrombosis in primary antiphospholipid syndrome

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis ◽

10.1007/s11239-021-02509-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Camila O. Vaz ◽

Bruna M Mazetto ◽

Pedro Eduardo N. S. Vasconcelos ◽

Larissa B. Bastos ◽

Maria Aparecida Cursino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽

Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Carbonyl Protein ◽

Plasma Markers

AbstractAntiphospholipid antibodies induce a pro-inflammatory and hypercoagulable state that lead to increased risk of thrombosis. Whether oxidative damage contributes thrombosis risk is a matter of debate. We evaluated the association between oxidative stress and thrombosis in primary antiphospholipid syndrome (t-PAPS). Plasma total antioxidant capacity and the levels of malondialdehyde (TBARs), carbonyl protein, and 8-isoprostane in plasma were determined in a group of patients with t-PAPS and in individuals without a history of thrombosis (controls) using commercial ELISA assays. The levels of these plasma markers of oxidative stress were compared between t-PAPS and controls using Mann–Whitney test. A total of 70 patients with t-PAPS and 74 controls were included. Overall, measurements of all plasma oxidative stress markers were similar between t-PAPS patients and controls. In a subgroup analysis, patients with t-PAPS and arterial thrombosis had a higher antioxidant capacity as compared to controls. Thrombotic PAPS was not associated with increased levels of oxidative stress markers, in comparison with individuals without thrombosis. Even though it is not possible to rule out that a mild oxidative damage, not detected by plasma markers, occurs in t-PAPS, our results suggest that measuring plasma oxidative stress markers has limited clinical relevance in t-PAPS.

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Assessment of Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Evolution in Different Stages of an Experimental Endometriosis

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.17.6.5678 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 1381-1383

Author(s):

Allia Sindilar ◽

Carmen Lacramioara Zamfir ◽

Eusebiu Viorel Sindilar ◽

Alin Constantin Pinzariu ◽

Eduard Crauciuc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Reproductive Function ◽

Female Rats ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Efficient Treatment ◽

Endometrial Cells ◽

Gynecological Disorder ◽

The Impact

Endometriosis is described as a gynecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus; extensively explored because of its increasing incidency, with an indubitable diagnostic only after invasive surgery, with no efficient treatment, it has still many aspects to be elucidated. A growing body of facts sustain oxidative stress as a crucial factor between the numerous incriminated factors implicated in endometriosis ethiopathogeny. Reactive oxygen species(ROS) act to decline reproductive function. Our study intends to determine if an experimental model of endometriosis may be useful to assess the impact of oxidative stress on endometrial cells; we have used a murine model of 18 adult Wistar female rats. A fragment from their left uterine horn was implanted in the abdominal wall. After 4 weeks, a laparatomy was performed, 5 endometrial implants were removed, followed by biochemical tissue assay of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT). At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed, the implants were removed for histopathological exam and biochemical assay of antioxidant enzymes. The results revealed decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes, pointing on significant oxidative stress involvement.

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Effect of Tai Chi on Markers of Oxidative Stress: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073458 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3458

Author(s):

Juana Rosado-Pérez ◽

Osvaldo D. Castelán-Martínez ◽

Abril J. Mújica-Calderón ◽

Martha A. Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽

Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Tai Chi ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽

Mean Differences

Background: This study aimed to synthesize the evidence of the effect of practicing Tai Chi on oxidative stress markers (OxSM). Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducting using the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Epistemonikos, Lilacs, and Ovid databases to identify randomized (RCT) and non-randomized (NRCT) clinical trials that evaluated the Tai Chi effect on OxSM compared to sedentary behavior, walking or yoga. Pooled mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using the inverse variance method to determine the effect of Tai Chi on OxSM. PROSPERO register: CRD42019138362. Results: Five RCT and five NRCT were included. Compared to sedentary behavior, regular Tai Chi practice increases the levels of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (MD = 34.97 U/mL, (95%CI, 9.45 to 60.48), 344 participants) and catalase (MD = 15.63 U/mL, (95%CI, 4.05 to 27.22), 110 participants), as well as reducing the levels of lipoperoxides (MD = −0.02 µmol/L, (95%CI, −0.04 to −0.00), 234 participants). For comparisons with walking or yoga, only one study per activity was identified comparing the effect on OxSM. Conclusions: Regular Tai Chi practice increases the levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as reducing the levels of lipoperoxides. More studies are necessary to determine the effect of Tai Chi on OxSM when compared to other physical activities.

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Differential susceptibility of a few members of the nasuta–albomicans complex of Drosophila to paraquat-induced lethality and oxidative stress

Genome ◽

10.1139/g11-049 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 54 (10) ◽

pp. 829-835 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mysore S. Ranjini ◽

Ravikumar Hosamani ◽

Muralidhara ◽

Nallur B. Ramachandra

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Biochemical Analysis ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Differential Susceptibility ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Stress Markers ◽

The Status ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽

And Oxidative Stress

The evolution of karyotypically stabilized short-lived (SL) and long-lived (LL) cytoraces in the laboratory have been established and validated through our previous lifespan studies. In the present investigation, we examined the possible reason(s) for the differential longevity among selected members of SL and LL cytoraces, employing the well known paraquat (PQ) resistance bioassay. Exposure of these races to varying concentrations of PQ revealed relatively higher resistance among LL cytoraces than SL cytoraces, as evident by the lower incidence of mortality. Biochemical analysis for endogenous markers of oxidative stress revealed that LL-2 cytorace exhibited lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, higher activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and coupled with higher levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) compared with the levels found in SL-2 cytorace. These findings suggest that the higher susceptibility of SL cytoraces to PQ challenge may be, at least in part, related to the higher endogenous levels of oxidative stress markers. Although the precise mechanisms responsible for the longer longevity among LL cytoraces of the nasuta–albomicans complex of Drosophila merits further investigation, our data suggest that the relatively longer lifespan may be related to the status of endogenous markers that renders them more resistant towards oxidative-stress-mediated lethality, as evident in the PQ assay.

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