Assessment of Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Evolution in Different Stages of an Experimental Endometriosis

Endometriosis is described as a gynecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus; extensively explored because of its increasing incidency, with an indubitable diagnostic only after invasive surgery, with no efficient treatment, it has still many aspects to be elucidated. A growing body of facts sustain oxidative stress as a crucial factor between the numerous incriminated factors implicated in endometriosis ethiopathogeny. Reactive oxygen species(ROS) act to decline reproductive function. Our study intends to determine if an experimental model of endometriosis may be useful to assess the impact of oxidative stress on endometrial cells; we have used a murine model of 18 adult Wistar female rats. A fragment from their left uterine horn was implanted in the abdominal wall. After 4 weeks, a laparatomy was performed, 5 endometrial implants were removed, followed by biochemical tissue assay of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT). At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed, the implants were removed for histopathological exam and biochemical assay of antioxidant enzymes. The results revealed decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes, pointing on significant oxidative stress involvement.

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Intrathymic and intrasplenic oxidative stress mediates thymocyte and splenocyte damage in acutely exercised mice

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1999.86.6.1823 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 86 (6) ◽

pp. 1823-1827 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

A. A. Azenabor ◽

L. Hoffman-Goetz

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Acute Exercise ◽

Lipid Peroxides ◽

Membrane Lipid ◽

Splenic Tissue ◽

Lymphoid Tissues ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

The Impact

Reactive oxygen species may contribute to apoptosis in lymphoid tissues observed after exercise. Thymic and splenic tissues excised from control mice (C) or mice immediately after ( t 0) or 24 h after ( t 24) a run to exhaustion (RTE) were assayed for biochemical indexes of oxidative stress [thymic and splenic membrane lipid peroxides, superoxide dismutase, catalase, plasma uric acid (UA), and ascorbic acid (AA)]. There were significant increases in membrane lipid peroxides in thymus ( P < 0.001) and spleen ( P < 0.001) in acutely exercised mice relative to controls (thymus: C = 2.74 ± 0.80 μM; t 0 = 7.45 ± 0.48 μM; t 24 = 9.44 ±1.41 μM; spleen: C = 0.48 ± 0.22 μM; t 0 = 1.78 ± 0.28 μM; t 24 = 2.81 ± 0.34 μM). The thymic and splenic tissue antioxidant enzymes concentrations of superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly lower in samples collected at t 0 relative to C and t 24 mice ( P < 0.001). Plasma UA and AA levels were used to assess the impact of the RTE on the peripheral antioxidant pool. There was no significant change in UA levels and a significant reduction in plasma AA concentrations ( P < 0.001); the reduction in plasma AA occurred at t 24 (6.53 ± 1.64 μM) relative to t 0 (13.11 ± 0.71 μM) and C (13.26 ± 1.2 μM). These results suggest that oxidative damage occurs in lymphoid tissues after RTE exercise and that such damage may contribute to lymphocyte damage observed after acute exercise.

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Expression of oxidative stress in metastatic retinoblastomaa comparative study

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.3126/nepjoph.v4i2.6543 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 271-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Mukhopadhyay ◽

J Dutta ◽

R Raut ◽

H Datta ◽

A K Bhattacharyay

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Distant Metastasis ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Intraocular Retinoblastoma

Objective: To compare oxidative stress between primary retinoblastoma and retinoblastoma with distant metastasis. Patients and methods: Forty consecutive patients presented with primary retinoblastoma and the same number of patients presented with distant metastasis, attending the outpatient department of our hospital between August 2002 and April 2005. All the patients with retinoblastoma underwent a standard metastasis workup and were subsequently categorized into two groups (without metastasis and with metastasis).Venous blood samples were drawn from each patient. After proper centrifugation, serum was collected and antioxidant enzymes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assayed. Main outcome measures: Serum collected from the patients was subjected to biochemical assay of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidise) and ROS to determine any difference in enzyme activity between the two groups. Results: Antioxidant levels were found to be less in the metastasis group as compared to the primary intraocular retinoblastoma group(p<0.05).Mean ROS activity was found to be increased in metastatic group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The decreased antioxidant enzymes level along with increased ROS activity in patients with metastatic retinoblastoma reflect increased oxidative stress as compared to primary intraocular retinoblastoma patients.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v4i2.6543 Nepal J Ophthalmol 2012; 4 (2): 271-276

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Timing the evolution of antioxidant enzymes in cyanobacteria

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-24396-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joanne S. Boden ◽

Kurt O. Konhauser ◽

Leslie J. Robbins ◽

Patricia Sánchez-Baracaldo

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Molecular Oxygen ◽

Molecular Clocks ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Terrestrial Habitats ◽

Iron Nickel

AbstractThe ancestors of cyanobacteria generated Earth’s first biogenic molecular oxygen, but how they dealt with oxidative stress remains unconstrained. Here we investigate when superoxide dismutase enzymes (SODs) capable of removing superoxide free radicals evolved and estimate when Cyanobacteria originated. Our Bayesian molecular clocks, calibrated with microfossils, predict that stem Cyanobacteria arose 3300–3600 million years ago. Shortly afterwards, we find phylogenetic evidence that ancestral cyanobacteria used SODs with copper and zinc cofactors (CuZnSOD) during the Archaean. By the Paleoproterozoic, they became genetically capable of using iron, nickel, and manganese as cofactors (FeSOD, NiSOD, and MnSOD respectively). The evolution of NiSOD is particularly intriguing because it corresponds with cyanobacteria’s invasion of the open ocean. Our analyses of metalloenzymes dealing with reactive oxygen species (ROS) now demonstrate that marine geochemical records alone may not predict patterns of metal usage by phototrophs from freshwater and terrestrial habitats.

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Effect of Exposure to Mixture of Heavy Metals Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead on Reproductive Function and Oxidative Stress in Female Rats

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH ◽

10.25258/ijtpr.v9i03.9075 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Choudhuri D. ◽

Bhattacharjee T.

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Heavy Metals ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Reproductive Function ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Female Rats ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Oestrus Cycle ◽

Implantation Sites ◽

Live Fetus

Background : Toxicological consequences arising from exposure to mixtures of heavy metals especially at low, chronic and environmentally relevant doses are poorly recognised. In the present study, we evaluated effects of chronic exposure to combinations of three metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) present frequently in drinking water on reproductive function and oxidative damage caused to reproductive organs of female rats. Method : Female rats were exposed to mixture of metals (As, Cdand Pb) for 90 consecutive days. The gain in body weight and weight of reproductive organs were recorded following autopsy on 91 stday. The oestrus cycle were monitored during entire treatment period. Numbers of corpora lutea, implantation sites, live fetus and survival of the fetus were evaluated in rats mated successfully with untreated male after completion of their respective treatment. Ovarian cholesterol, protein, ascorbic acid and enzyme Δ 5 -3β HSD levels were estimated. Serum levels of steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone were estimated. Histopathological picture of both ovary and uterus were assessed. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidise (GPX) activity, amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondyaldehyde (MDA) in blood, ovary and uterus were measured as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Results : The treated rats showed reduced body weight gain and reduction in the weight of ovary and uterus. Oestrus cycle was disrupted with continuous diestrous in treated animals. Number of corpora lutea, implantation sites and live fetus and the survival of fetus evaluate were reduced significantly in treated groups. The levels of ovarian cholesterol and ascorbic acid increased in treated rats with decrease Δ5 -3β HSD level. There was reduction in serum level of both the ovarian steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone. The protein levels did not differ between the groups. There was a significant increase in levels of MDA and decrease in levels of all the antioxidant enzymes in treated group. Conclusion : The results revealed there was disruption to reproductive functions with decrease in stereoidogenic activity and associated oxidative stress in female rats treated with combination of mixture of metals (Cd, As and Pb) at low dose for 90 consecutive days.

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Alteration in the oxidative status of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) fed with a diet containing Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae)

Animal Biology ◽

10.1163/15707563-20191153 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 227-237

Author(s):

Eda Güneş

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Total Protein ◽

Protein Carbonyl ◽

Control Group ◽

Carbonyl Content ◽

Protein Carbonyl Content ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Dried Extract

Abstract The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effects of fresh, dried and freeze-dried Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae) on the oxidant and antioxidant status of the model organism D. melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) experimentally. The study was carried out from 2016 to 2019, and plant leaf extracts (0-50 mg/l) were added to insect standard artificial diets. The total protein, protein carbonyl content and glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were quantified at the insect’s third larval stage. Our data showed that protein carbonyl content varied from 2.70 nmol/mg protein in the control group to 59.11 nmol/mg protein in the group fed with fresh leaf extract signifying induction of oxidative stress. All extracts increased the levels of all antioxidant enzymes and decreased the amounts of total protein. Meanwhile, the group fed with the freeze-dried extract showed no significant difference in the levels of total protein and protein carbonyl content except at the 50 mg/l concentration of the extract. Moreover, this group had superoxide dismutase and catalase activities 4 to 5 times higher than in the control group. In conclusion, induction of oxidative stress indicates that the fresh form of C. depressa leaves may have potential as a natural pesticide, whereas induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes by the freeze-dried extract suggest its potential as an antioxidant.

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Oxidative Stress in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Relevance to Cancer Immunotherapy

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13050986 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 986

Author(s):

Nada S. Aboelella ◽

Caitlin Brandle ◽

Timothy Kim ◽

Zhi-Chun Ding ◽

Gang Zhou

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Redox Homeostasis ◽

Tumor Rejection ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Antitumor Effects ◽

Key Drivers ◽

Cancer Immunotherapies ◽

The Impact

It has been well-established that cancer cells are under constant oxidative stress, as reflected by elevated basal level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), due to increased metabolism driven by aberrant cell growth. Cancer cells can adapt to maintain redox homeostasis through a variety of mechanisms. The prevalent perception about ROS is that they are one of the key drivers promoting tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Based on this notion, numerous antioxidants that aim to mitigate tumor oxidative stress have been tested for cancer prevention or treatment, although the effectiveness of this strategy has yet to be established. In recent years, it has been increasingly appreciated that ROS have a complex, multifaceted role in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and that tumor redox can be targeted to amplify oxidative stress inside the tumor to cause tumor destruction. Accumulating evidence indicates that cancer immunotherapies can alter tumor redox to intensify tumor oxidative stress, resulting in ROS-dependent tumor rejection. Herein we review the recent progresses regarding the impact of ROS on cancer cells and various immune cells in the TME, and discuss the emerging ROS-modulating strategies that can be used in combination with cancer immunotherapies to achieve enhanced antitumor effects.

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Immunolocalization of antioxidant enzymes in testis of rams submitted to long-term heat stress

Zygote ◽

10.1017/s0967199419000467 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 432-435

Author(s):

Thais Rose dos Santos Hamilton ◽

Gabriela Esteves Duarte ◽

José Antonio Visintin ◽

Mayra Elena Ortiz D’Ávila Assumpção

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Cell Types ◽

Treated Group ◽

Oxidative Balance ◽

Testicular Cells

SummaryLong-term heat stress (HS) induced by testicular insulation generates oxidative stress (OS) on the testicular environment; consequently activating antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The aim of this work was to immunolocalize antioxidant enzymes present in different cells within the seminiferous tubule when rams were submitted to HS. Rams were divided into control (n = 6) and treated group (n = 6), comprising rams subjected to testicular insulation for 240 h. After the testicular insulation period, rams were subjected to orchiectomy. Testicular fragments were submitted to immunohistochemistry for staining against SOD, GR and GPx enzymes. We observed immunolocalization of GPx in more cell types of the testis after HS and when compared with other enzymes. In conclusion, GPx is the main antioxidant enzyme identified in testicular cells in an attempt to maintain oxidative balance when HS occurs.

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The Impact of Concomitant Chronic Pancreatitis on Prooxidant-antioxidant Status and Other Conditions in Osteoarthritis

Family Medicine ◽

10.30841/2307-5112.6.2016.249507 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 75-78

Author(s):

Liliia Babynets ◽

Tetiana Maevska

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Chronic Pancreatitis ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Activation Parameters ◽

Tissue Destruction ◽

The Impact ◽

Stress Accumulation

The study proved that patients with combined progress of osteoarthritis and chronic pancreatitis have reliable top-level activation of lipid peroxidation in terms of malonyc aldehyde and tissue destruction in terms of oxyproline, weakening of the antioxidant level (in terms of superoxide dismutase and SH-groups) and activation parameters of catalase and ceruloplasmin (p<0,05). The authentic predictority of patients biological age, duration of combined clinical courses, the functional capacity of the pancreas in terms of fecal α-elastase, structural state by ultrasound criteria for progression effects of oxidative stress, accumulation oxyproline activation parameters catalase and ceruloplasmin, which statistically was reflected by the presence of mainly moderate of significant correlations between these groups of indicators have been identified.

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The activity of antioxidant enzymes in colorectal adenocarcinoma and corresponding normal mucosa.

Acta Biochimica Polonica ◽

10.18388/abp.2012_2090 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk ◽

Tomasz Wielkoszyński ◽

Łukasz Krakowczyk ◽

Brygida Adamek ◽

Marzena Zalewska-Ziob ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Average Distance ◽

Normal Mucosa ◽

Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽

Tissue Homogenates

Oxidative stress is one of several factors which contribute to the development of colorectal carcinogenesis. The aim of the study was an assessment of the activity of antioxidant enzymes in tumour and corresponding normal distal mucosa in a group of patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma. Samples of tumour and corresponding normal mucosa were obtained during a resection of colorectal cancer from 47 patients aged between 26 and 82 years. The average distance of corresponding normal distal mucosa from the tumour was 4.49 cm. Activities of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and catalase (CAT) were measured in tissue homogenates. The patients were grouped according to the tumour stage (Duke's staging), grading, localization, and size of tumour, as well as age and sex. Statistical analysis was performed. The activity of SOD and GPx was considerably increased, while the activity of GST decreased significantly in tumour as compared with normal mucosa. GR activity in colorectal cancer was evidently higher in tumours of proximal location compared with the distal ones. The distance of corresponding normal distal mucosa from the tumour was analyzed and related to all assayed parameters. A decreased GST activity was observed in corresponding normal mucosa more than 5 cm distant from the tumour in patients with CD Duke's stage. The higher activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in tumour compared to corresponding normal mucosa could indicate higher oxidative stress in colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.

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The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Fusarium culmorum Inoculation on the Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Wheat Flag Leaves

Poljoprivreda ◽

10.18047/poljo.27.2.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 15-24

Author(s):

Magdalena Matić ◽

◽

Rosemary Vuković ◽

Karolina Vrandečić ◽

Ivna Štolfa Čamagajevac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Biotic Stress ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Fusarium Culmorum ◽

Antioxidant Response ◽

The Impact ◽

Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

During cultivation, wheat is exposed to several abiotic and/or biotic stress conditions that may adversely impact the wheat yield and quality. The impact of abiotic stress caused by nitrogen deficiency and biotic stress caused by phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium culmorum on biomarkers of oxidative stress in the flag leaf of nine winter wheat varieties (Ficko, U-1, Galloper, BC Mandica, BC Opsesija, Ingenio, Isengrain, Felix, and Bezostaya-1) was analyzed in this study. Hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipid peroxidation level were measured as indicators of oxidative stress, while the antioxidant response was determined by measuring the concentration of phenolic compounds and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Wheat variety and nitrogen treatment had a significant effect on all examined biomarkers of oxidative stress in the flag leaf, while the impact of Fusarium treatment was less pronounced. The most significant impact on the measured stress biomarkers had a low nitrogen level, which mainly increased hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipid peroxidation level and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes in most varieties. The obtained results were discussed and compared with the previous study in which biochemical analyzes were performed on the wheat spike. There was no significant strong correlation between flag leaf and spike response in the measured parameters, which, in addition to the variety-specific response, also indicates a tissue-specific antioxidant response.

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