scholarly journals A Corrected Adaptive Balancing Approach of Motorized Spindle Considering Air Gap Unbalance

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Fan ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Sijie Shao ◽  
Minqing Jing ◽  
Heng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Force ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Inertia Force ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
Mass Unbalance ◽  
Vibration Signal Analysis ◽  
Precision Machine Tools ◽  
Motorized Spindles

Motorized spindles widely used for high-speed precision machine tools are very sensitive to the mass unbalance of rotors; thus, their balancing problem is always a research hotspot. Although many significant studies were done regarding the theory and application of various rotor balancing technologies for motorized spindles, the particularity of motorized spindles is not carefully considered in the existing balancing approaches. When the rotor unbalance of a motorized spindle occurs in operation, it is subject to both the mass unbalance-induced inertia force and air gap unbalance-induced electromagnetic force, which is an important feature that distinguishes the motorized spindle from a mechanical spindle. This paper describes an investigation into the corrected adaptive balancing approach of a motorized spindle by newly introducing a coefficient representing the removing effect of the air gap unbalance of the motor on the balancing capacity into the balancing formula. The determination of the newly defined coefficient refers to the calculation of electromagnetic force caused by the dynamic air gap eccentricity of motor; thus, much attention is paid to the analytical derivation of the unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP). Finally, a motorized spindle with an electromagnetic ring balancer was developed; then, the balancing tests and vibration signal analysis were done to validate the effectiveness of the newly proposed balancing approach in residual vibration reduction. It can be seen from the test results under different cases that the proposed balancing approach is effective.

Thermal Characters of the Air-Cooled High Speed Motorized Spindle for Wood-Working Machine

2013 ◽  
Vol 579-580 ◽  
pp. 568-572
Author(s):  
Da Guo Ma ◽  
Xin Bo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
Dissipation Structure ◽  
Motorized Spindles

The structure and composition of the air-cooled high speed motorized spindle for wood-working machine and some features relative to the metal cutting motorized spindle are introduced briefly. Then the main heat sources and heat dissipation mechanism of the air-cooled motorized spindle are thoroughly analyzed, finite element model of the air-cooled motorized spindle is built, the motorized spindles temperature distribution under thermal steady state and the influence of speed are analyzed. The results show that air cooling relative to the water or oil cooling has many advantages and reasonable heat dissipation structure design of air-cooled motorized spindle could meet the requirements of the high-speed motorized spindle for wood-working machine.

Analysis on the Influence of Vibration Performance of Air-Gap of Ceramic Motorized Spindle

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 547-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xiu Zhang ◽  
Yu Hou Wu ◽  
Li Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
Effect Change ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Engineering Ceramic ◽  
Vibration Performance ◽  
The Ideal

Engineering ceramic is the ideal material for high-speed and high precision motorized spindle due to perfect characteristics of light weight, wear resistance, high temperature, high strength, and so on. The air-gap is changed due to the influence from various factors not only the tolerance of the manufacture and assembly of motorized spindle but also different working condition. The change of air-gap impacts on vibration performance of motorized spindle. The effects of rotating speed and air-gap between the rotator and stator on these characteristic parameters of the motorized spindle are analyzed. This paper analyses the effect change of air-gap on vibration performance of motorized spindle by the simulation analysis and experimental. The results show that vibration increase with the decrease of air-gap. Meanwhile, electromagnetic vibration increase with the increase of eccentricity of motorized spindle. These results are very helpful to the structure optimization and application of the ceramic motorized spindle.

scholarly journals Study on the Unbalanced Fault Dynamic Characteristics of Eccentric Motorized Spindle considering the Effect of Magnetic Pull

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Zhan Wang ◽  
Wenzhi He ◽  
Siyuan Du ◽  
Zhe Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Fault Analysis ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
Unbalanced Magnetic Pull ◽  
Static Eccentricity ◽  
Simulation Results

Unbalanced fault is the most common fault of high-speed motorized spindle, which is the main factor affecting the machining accuracy of high-speed spindle. Due to the unbalanced magnetic pull produced by the air gap eccentricity of the stator and rotor, the unbalanced vibration of the motorized spindle will be further aggravated. In order to explore the dynamic behavior and motion law of the unbalanced fault motorized spindle under the eccentric state, a dynamic model of the unbalanced fault of the high-speed motorized spindle considering the unbalanced magnetic pull was established. Taking the eccentric motorized spindle customized by the research group as the research object, the dynamic model is established, simulated, and analyzed, and the response change law of motorized spindle under the effect of different speed, unbalance, and air gap is obtained. The simulation results show that the unbalanced magnetic pull caused by static eccentricity will increase the unbalanced vibration of motorized spindle, and the unbalanced vibration will also increase with the increase of static eccentricity. The vibration caused by unbalanced magnetic pull does not increase with the increase of rotating speed. In frequency-domain analysis, when there is unbalanced magnetic pull, the peak appears at 0 Hz, and the amplitude of fundamental frequency vibration will increase with the increase of eccentricity. The experimental results show that the greater the eccentricity is, the greater the unbalance vibration of the motorized spindle is. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results, which further verify the accuracy of the model. The research results lay a theoretical basis for fault analysis and diagnosis of coupling fault motorized spindle.

Bearing Loads Study for High-Speed Motorized Spindle

2011 ◽  
Vol 480-481 ◽  
pp. 1511-1515
Author(s):  
Dong Man Yu ◽  
Chang Pei Shang ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
Zhi Hua Gao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Bearing Loads ◽  
Precision Machine Tools

Due to high rotation accuracy, high dynamic stiffness, high vibration damping and long life, high-speed spindles supported by hydrodynamic and hydrostatic hybrid bearings are widely applied in the field of high-speed precision machine tools. The basic structure and working principal was detailed introduced, and then demonstrated a series of models and specifications of motorized spindle manufactured by FISCHER company in Switzerland. The finite element model of high-speed motorized spindle was built up and carried out thermal analysis to study the heat generation and heat transfer. With the help of ANSYS finite element software, the temperature field distribution and the temperature rise condition for motorized spindle were analyzed. The result indicates that the front bearing has a higher temperature than that of back bearing. The maximum temperature of inner ring is bigger than that of outer ring.

scholarly journals Research on Key Factors and Their Interaction Effects of Electromagnetic Force of High-Speed Solenoid Valve

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Liu ◽  
Liyun Fan ◽  
Qaisar Hayat ◽  
De Xu ◽  
Xiuzhen Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Electromagnetic Force ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Solenoid Valve ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Drive Current ◽  
Lab Experiments

Analysis consisting of numerical simulations along with lab experiments of interaction effects between key parameters on the electromagnetic force based on response surface methodology (RSM) has been also proposed to optimize the design of high-speed solenoid valve (HSV) and improve its performance. Numerical simulation model of HSV has been developed in Ansoft Maxwell environment and its accuracy has been validated through lab experiments. Effect of change of core structure, coil structure, armature structure, working air gap, and drive current on the electromagnetic force of HSV has been analyzed through simulation model and influence rules of various parameters on the electromagnetic force have been established. The response surface model of the electromagnetic force has been utilized to analyze the interaction effect between major parameters. It has been concluded that six interaction factors including working air gap with armature radius, drive current with armature thickness, coil turns with side pole radius, armature thickness with its radius, armature thickness with side pole radius, and armature radius with side pole radius have significant influence on the electromagnetic force. Optimal match values between coil turns and side pole radius; armature thickness and side pole radius; and armature radius and side pole radius have also been determined.

Comparison of Vibration Signal Analysis Methods for Effective Gear Fault Detection

2014 ◽  
Vol 709 ◽  
pp. 456-459
Author(s):  
Woong Yong Lee ◽  
Dong Hyong Lee ◽  
Hae Young Ji
Keyword(s):  
Signal Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
High Speed Train ◽  
Crest Factor ◽  
Gear Fault ◽  
Specimen Test ◽  
Vibration Signal Analysis ◽  
Crack Condition

Reduction unit for high-speed train is an important component. However if faults of reduction unit occurred, the damages such as material and human damage have been caused. To prevent the damage, it is necessary to study reduction unit monitoring for high-speed train. We conducted spur gear specimen test which was crack, breakage and pitting tests and analyzed FFT, Sideband energy ratio (SER), RMS, crest factor, and kurtosis. There was not distinct difference between no-fault and pitting condition at RMS, crest factor and kurtosis. But SER increased depending on crack condition. In breakage test, all parameters had difference between no-fault and breakage condition.

Slow Speed Vibration Signal Analysis: If You Can’t Do It Slow, You Can’t Do It Fast

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mel G. Maalouf
Keyword(s):  
Signal Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Slow Motion ◽  
Slow Speed ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Slow Roll ◽  
Full Speed ◽  
Vibration Signal Analysis ◽  
Run Up

For many people, the interpretation of vibration signals for a machine at running speed is complicated and foreign, and is considered an art in many circles. Interpreting the rich characteristics of the raw signals during run-up and coast down requires even more skill and experience. For some, interpreting the signals at slow speeds (sometimes called slow roll speeds) is so difficult that the signals are often ignored and discredited as not useful data. This paper will communicate the author’s experience in using this valuable, yet sometimes difficult, data to correlate and corroborate with high-speed data. This data and interpretation are used to understand the dynamic behavior of the machine while the forces on the rotor are driving the response characteristics at run up, full speed and coast down. In the sports arena, good coaches often say that if you cannot execute skills in slow motion, you likely won’t be able to execute them at normal speeds and absolutely not in high-pressure game situations. This is also true for vibration diagnostics: if you don’t do correct slow speed analysis, full speed and transient (startup and coast down) analysis may be misleading or just wrong. In this instance, the analyses and diagnostic calls that were made by using slow speed signal analysis include: Selecting Slow Roll Values, Shaft Surface Quality, Direction of Rotation, Rotor Bow (Gravity), Rotor Bow (Thermal), Locked up Coupling, Non-Concentric Coupling, Reverse Rotation. This paper will describe the methodologies for collecting data and the analysis of the data to make the above calls on specific examples experienced by the author and his colleagues.

Vibration and Noise Monitoring of Ceramic Motorized Spindles

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 2076-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xiu Zhang ◽  
Yu Hou Wu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Engineering Ceramic ◽  
Lubrication Condition ◽  
Motorized Spindles

High speed machining (HSM) technology is used in a broad range of applications to machine ferrous metals and nonmetallic material. The motorized spindle is one of the major elements to keep the machine running at high productivity. In recently years, the requirement of rotational speed and rigidity of motorized spindle is getting higher and higher in order to satisfy the high speed processing. Engineering ceramic is the ideal material for high-speed and high precision electrical spindle due to perfect characteristics of light weight, wear resistance, high temperature, high strength, and so on. So a ceramic motorized spindle is designed for higher speed and rigidity. The shaft and bearing of the motorized spindle are made from ceramic material and other parts are made from metal. Rated power of this electrical spindle is 15Kw; its torque is 14Nm and revolving speed is up to 30,000 rpm as maximum. Motorized spindle is a typical mechatronics product and its dynamic property is very important. The signal of vibration and noise of motorized spindle may display its running status, so the vibration and noise of motorized spindle is an important index in the dynamic performance. This paper monitors the vibration and noise of ceramic motorized spindles using spectral analysis techniques. The effects of rotating speed and lubrication condition on vibration and noise of the ceramic electrical spindle are analyzed. These results are very helpful to the structure optimization and application of the ceramic motorized spindle.

A Power Flow Model for High Speed Motorized Spindles—Heat Generation Characterization

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Bossmanns ◽  
Jay F. Tu
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Source Models ◽  
Motorized Spindles

Lack of a more complete understanding of system characteristics, particularly thermal effects, severely limits the reliability of high speed spindles to support manufacturing. High speed spindles are notorious for their sudden catastrophic failures without alarming signs at high speeds due to thermal problems. In this paper, a qualitative power flow model is presented to characterize the power distribution of a high speed motorized spindle. Quantitative heat source models of the built-in motor and the bearings are then developed. These models are verified with a custom-built high performance motorized spindle of 32 KW and a maximum speed of 25,000 rpm (1.5 million DN). Several systematic test procedures are also developed to validate the models.

Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of High-Speed Milling Motorized Spindle Based on ANSYS Workbench

2013 ◽  
Vol 579-580 ◽  
pp. 530-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Li ◽  
Ying Xue Yao
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
High Speed Milling ◽  
Dynamic Performances ◽  
Motorized Spindles ◽  
Ansys Workbench

The DGZX - 1425 high-speed milling motorized spindle which is made and designed independently by Hao Zhi electrical and mechanical company in Guangzhou China is made as the research object, the method of establishing numerical simulation model for the spindle units dynamic performances is established, and the design of the spindles structure has been verified reasonable. Modal analysis of the spindle has been completed in ANSYS Workbench to get the first six natural frequencies and mode shapes. Harmonic analysis of the spindle is also completed to obtain the dynamic stiffness at the highest speed. Modal test and vibration test of the assembled spindle are also processed, which have verified the accuracy of the finite element method. The paper has provided a theoretical basis for the motorized spindles design, structural optimization and the improvement of the dynamic performances.

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