scholarly journals A Review of Convolutional Neural Network Applied to Fruit Image Processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3443 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Naranjo-Torres ◽  
Marco Mora ◽  
Ruber Hernández-García ◽  
Ricardo J. Barrientos ◽  
Claudio Fredes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Social Sector ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
New Models ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
Fruit Sorting ◽  
Classification Quality

Agriculture has always been an important economic and social sector for humans. Fruit production is especially essential, with a great demand from all households. Therefore, the use of innovative technologies is of vital importance for the agri-food sector. Currently artificial intelligence is one very important technological tool widely used in modern society. Particularly, Deep Learning (DL) has several applications due to its ability to learn robust representations from images. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) is the main DL architecture for image classification. Based on the great attention that CNNs have had in the last years, we present a review of the use of CNN applied to different automatic processing tasks of fruit images: classification, quality control, and detection. We observe that in the last two years (2019–2020), the use of CNN for fruit recognition has greatly increased obtaining excellent results, either by using new models or with pre-trained networks for transfer learning. It is worth noting that different types of images are used in datasets according to the task performed. Besides, this article presents the fundamentals, tools, and two examples of the use of CNNs for fruit sorting and quality control.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Bilingual Education Models and Its Application on Primary School Children Literacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Yang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
First Language ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Academic Skills ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Second Language Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Impacts

<p><em>The term “bilingual education” can be described as a concept of educational research, based on its literal meaning, it usually refers to any educational program that involves two languages in the progress of teaching and learning. In modern society, bilingual education becomes increasingly popular, and has been widely used for the purpose of early education in many countries. This essay evaluates different types of bilingual education (early immersion, two-way language education, maintenance education) by analysing their strengths and limitations mainly in aspects of first language and second language development. From the systematic overview on the three most well-known forms of bilingual education, the author finds that all of them have influence on improving language skills and academic skills in a rolling basis while generally have no negative impacts on their growing process.</em></p>

scholarly journals A review paper on offline inspection of finished and semi-finished products and emerging research directions

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzan Babar ◽  
Kang Wook ◽  
Biswajit Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Outcomes ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
New Models

Organizations want to focus on product quality along with productivity to get their competitive advantage in global market. In order to achieve this aim, quality management system and its different aspects are becoming more valuable than before. This study has considered quality control and its activities with specific focus on offline inspection. The objective of this study is to provide a literature review that identifies different models and methodologies, developed for offline inspection under different manufacturing and inspection conditions. This review is based on research work accepted by international journals and published in the years from 2000 to 2016. These studies are classified into six groups on the basis of their research objectives, model developed, adopted methodologies, and research outcomes. This review paper also gives ? brief look at the offline inspection to propose future research opportunities and emerging trends. The proposed research directions can be helpful in developing new models or modifying the existing models to improve the performance of offline inspection.

scholarly journals Different vacuum packages for 'giombo' persimmon postharvest conservation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
P. A. R. Rimoli ◽  
A. J. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Post Harvesting

The consumption of fruits and vegetables has increased worldwide as a function of modern society, look for an overall, healthier and more natural lifestyle. Therefore, the work evaluated as post-harvest characteristics of the 'Giombo' persimmon submitted to different types of vacuum packaging, verifying as quality variables: Mass Loss; Potential of Hydrogen (pH); Soluble Solids (SS). The persimmons were collected at the Company of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension - Emater Anápolis / GO, and analyzes were carried out at the Post Harvesting Drying and Storage Laboratory of the Agricultural Engineering course, belonging to the State University of Goiás – Henrique Santillo Exact and Technological Sciences Campus, where they were selected, sanitized with sodium hypochlorite solution 2% NaClO, processed, submitted to different types of packaging and maintained in BOD with RU of 40% and 8.0 ± 1.4 °C for 18 days . It was used in experiment the CRD - Completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme 3 x 7 (packages x days of analysis), with 3 replicates. The persimmons were submitted to different vacuum packages, being control (without packaging), Polypropylene - PP and Low Density Polyethylene - LDPE. As the evaluation was performed every 3 days, for a period of 18 days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 days). The data originated were submitted to analysis of variance (P <0.05) and, when significant, were performed in Tukey tests, at 5% probability, and regression, using SISVAR 5.3 Software. Based on the evaluations, it was concluded that 'Giombo' persimmons stored under different vacuum packages provided a positive effect throughout the storage, highlighting the LDPE treatment, which had preserved postharvest characteristics such as mass loss, soluble solids and pH more effectively.

scholarly journals Globalization of the transport system of the agro-industrial complex in the conditions of modern society

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 05020
Author(s):  
M.A. Ananyev ◽  
Zh.Yu Bakaeva ◽  
O.L. Matveeva ◽  
I.V. Steklova ◽  
E.N. Shchegoleva
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The article deals with the problem of transportation of agricultural products. The main causes of problems in this area are identified. The mechanism of creating favorable conditions in the system of globalization relations of the modern economy is analyzed. The fundamental elements in the transport system are competition orientation and information ownership over a certain period of time. Globalization involves the integration of different types of transport systems at the sectoral characteristics. The purpose of the research is to study the essence, meaning and prospects of the concept of “economic transport space in the national food supply system" in the processes of food market globalization. The main indicators of the “economic space" are: first, to determine the parameters that characterize the economic transport space, and secondly, to determine the prospects for using its structural elements in the system of transport supply relations, depending on the temporal and spatial components in the modern sector of the economy to provide food for the needs of society.

scholarly journals Fairy Tales versus Facts: Genre Matters to the Developing Brain

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 4877-4888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine S Aboud ◽  
Stephen K Bailey ◽  
Stephanie N Del Tufo ◽  
Laura A Barquero ◽  
Laurie E Cutting
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Developing Brain ◽  
Narrative Comprehension ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Discourse Comprehension ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
New Information ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Frontoparietal Control Network

Abstract Neurobiological studies of discourse comprehension have almost exclusively focused on narrative comprehension. However, successful engagement in modern society, particularly in educational settings, also requires comprehension with an aim to learn new information (i.e., “expository comprehension”). Despite its prevalence, no studies to date have neurobiologically characterized expository comprehension as compared with narrative. In the current study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging in typically developing children to test whether different genres require specialized brain networks. In addition to expected activations in language and comprehension areas in the default mode network (DMN), expository comprehension required significantly greater activation in the frontoparietal control network (FPN) than narrative comprehension, and relied significantly less on posterior regions in the DMN. Functional connectivity analysis revealed that, compared with narrative, the FPN robustly correlated with the DMN, and this inter-network communication was higher with increased reading expertise. These findings suggest that, relative to narrative comprehension, expository comprehension shows (1) a unique configuration of the DMN, potentially to support non-social comprehension processes, and (2) increased utilization of top-down regions to help support goal-directed comprehension processes in the DMN. More generally, our findings reveal that different types of discourse-level comprehension place diverse neural demands on the developing brain.

scholarly journals Life and Family Values Similarity in Inter-Ethnic and Inter-Faith Couples

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Chebotareva ◽  
Marina I. Volk
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Identity Transformation ◽  
Family Attitudes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Life Values ◽  
Different Cultures

Inter-cultural families are an integral part of modern society, the institution of mutual influence of different cultures, of a person’s identity transformation. The studies of marital adjustment, values, and attitudes consistency in inter-cultural couples provide contradictory results. To resolve contradictions in this area, comparative studies of inter-cultural families of different types are important. The aim of the study is the comparative analysis of life and family values in inter-cultural couples, differing by the ethnic and religious affiliation of spouses. The participants: 69 couples: 20 mono-ethnic Russian, 30—inter-ethnic, inter-faith (Russians/Arabs); 19—inter-ethnic, with a common religion (Russian/Transcaucasian, Christians). The methods: Value Survey (Schwartz), Marital Role Expectations and Aspirations (Volkova), Marital Satisfaction Test (Stolin et al.), Mann–Whitney U-test, paired T-test. In inter-cultural couples, the spouses’ life-values coincidence is significantly less strong than in mono-cultural ones. However, in couples with common religious differences, their life values reflect not so much the contradictions, but the complementarity of traditional gender values. In general, the different cultures of spouses (both ethnic and religious) optimizes the process of comparing values and family attitudes. Despite a number of difficulties, spouses from inter-cultural couples generally have more consistent ideas about their family life.

scholarly journals Intelligent Packaging in the Food Sector: A Brief Overview

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Müller ◽  
Markus Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Product Safety ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Intelligent Packaging ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Quality Status

The trend towards sustainability, improved product safety, and high-quality standards are important in all areas of life sciences. In order to satisfy these requirements, intelligent packaging is used in the food sector. These systems can monitor permanently the quality status of a product and share the information with the customer. In this way, food waste can be reduced and customer satisfaction can be optimized. Depending on the product, different types of intelligent packaging technologies are used and discussed in this review. The three main groups are: data carriers, indicators, and sensors. At this time, they are not that widespread, but their potential is already known. In which areas intelligent packaging should be implemented, how the systems work, and which values they offer are dealt in this review.

Design criteria for exposed hydro penstocks

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
American Society

At present there are no national codes for the design of exposed hydro-electric penstocks. Thus an engineer must either make reference to other national codes for similar work, such as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers boiler and pressure vessel code or the American Water Works Association Standard for steel water piping, or he must write his own code and is then faced with the decision of having to select design criteria that must cover a wide range of steels; different operating and waterhammer conditions; a wide range of quality control procedures used in manufacture and erection of the penstock; and different types of penstocks, isostatic where the stresses can be calculated with precision, and hyperstatic where the stress calculation is more imprecise. This paper discusses design criteria, factors of safety, and corresponding quality control procedures that can be used for either isostatic or hyperstatic penstocks using mild, intermediate, or high strength steel for penstocks supplying reaction of impulse turbines.

scholarly journals Portfolio Selection Based on Distance between Fuzzy Variables

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyi Qian ◽  
Mingqiang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Portfolio Selection ◽  
Expected Value ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Fuzzy Variables ◽  
Fuzzy Environment ◽  
Investment Return ◽  
New Models ◽  
Different Types

This paper researches portfolio selection problem in fuzzy environment. We introduce a new simple method in which the distance between fuzzy variables is used to measure the divergence of fuzzy investment return from a prior one. Firstly, two new mathematical models are proposed by expressing divergence as distance, investment return as expected value, and risk as variance and semivariance, respectively. Secondly, the crisp forms of the new models are also provided for different types of fuzzy variables. Finally, several numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Disaggregate Economic Base Multipliers in Small Communities

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 955-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
A C Vias ◽  
G F Mulligan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Base ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Considerable Evidence ◽  
Transfer Payments ◽  
New Models ◽  
Base Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Community Data

Economic base analysis is frequently used to describe employment profiles and to predict project-related impacts in small communities. Considerable evidence suggests, however, that economic base multipliers should be estimated from survey data and not from shortcut methods. In this paper two competing versions of the economic base model are developed and then these two models are estimated by use of the Arizona community data set. In both cases, marginal multiplier estimates, controlled for transfer payments, are generated for ten individual sectors in five different types of communities. Results from these two disaggregate economic base models are assessed and then compared with results provided earlier by more aggregate models. The better of these two new models closely resembles the popular input—output model.

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