scholarly journals Microgrid for a Cluster of Grid Independent Buildings Powered by Solar and Wind Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9214
Author(s):  
Raquel Sandoval Aguilar ◽  
Efstathios E. Michaelides
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Capacity ◽  
North Texas ◽  
The North ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Energy Conservation Measures

The reduction of CO2 emissions and the avoidance of Global Climate Change necessitate the conversion of the electricity generation industry to rely on non-carbon sources. Additionally, the mitigation of the duck-curve effects in microgrids requires the development of grid-independent buildings. Computations were performed for a cluster of one thousand grid-independent buildings in the North Texas area, where air-conditioning demand is high in the summer months. The electricity demand is balanced with energy supply generated from wind turbines, photovoltaic cells, or stored energy in hydrogen tanks. The results indicate that with one wind turbine operating, each building must be fitted with 10.2 kW rating photovoltaics capacity and a tank with 5.2 m3 of hydrogen storage capacity to satisfy the hourly demand of the buildings’ community. The addition of more wind turbines significantly reduces the needed PV rating but increases the required storage. Investing in energy conservation measures in the buildings significantly reduces both the needed storage capacity and the PV cell ratings.

scholarly journals The evolving response of mesopelagic fishes to declining midwater oxygen concentrations in the southern and central California Current

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Anthony Koslow ◽  
Pete Davison ◽  
Erica Ferrer ◽  
S Patricia A Jiménez Rosenberg ◽  
Gerardo Aceves-Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baja California ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
California Current ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Oxygen Minimum Zones ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Abstract Declining oxygen concentrations in the deep ocean, particularly in areas with pronounced oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), are a growing global concern related to global climate change. Its potential impacts on marine life remain poorly understood. A previous study suggested that the abundance of a diverse suite of mesopelagic fishes off southern California was closely linked to trends in midwater oxygen concentration. This study expands the spatial and temporal scale of that analysis to examine how mesopelagic fishes are responding to declining oxygen levels in the California Current (CC) off central, southern, and Baja California. Several warm-water mesopelagic species, apparently adapted to the shallower, more intense OMZ off Baja California, are shown to be increasing despite declining midwater oxygen concentrations and becoming increasingly dominant, initially off Baja California and subsequently in the CC region to the north. Their increased abundance is associated with warming near-surface ocean temperature, the warm phase of the Pacific Decadal oscillation and Multivariate El Niño-Southern Oscillation Index, and the increased flux of Pacific Equatorial Water into the southern CC.

scholarly journals 472. The Utility of Infectious Diseases E-consults in the Era of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S302-S303
Author(s):  
Hala Saad ◽  
Kruti Yagnik ◽  
Helen King ◽  
Roger Bedimo ◽  
Richard J Medford
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Panel Member ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
North Texas ◽  
Review Panel ◽  
The North ◽  
Time To Completion ◽  
Texas Health

Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, rapid Infectious Diseases (ID) consultation has been required to answer novel questions regarding SARS-CoV-2 testing and infection prevention. We sought to evaluate the utility of e-consults to triage and provide rapid ID recommendations to providers. Methods We performed a retrospective study reviewing ID e-consults in three institutions in the North Texas region: Clements University Hospital (CUH), Parkland Hospital and Health System (PHHS), and the VA North Texas Health Care System (VA) from March 1, 2020 to May 15, 2020. Variables collected include age, sex, ethnicity, comorbidities, time to completion, reason for consult and outcome of consult (initiation or removal of personal protective equipment (PPE) and recommendation to test or retest for COVID-19). Results We performed all analysis using R studio (Version 1.3.959). Characteristics of 198 patients included: 112(57%) male, 86(43%) female, 86(43%) Caucasian, 71(36%) Hispanic, 42(21%) African American, 6(3%) Asian and mean(sd) age of 55.1(15.9). Patient comorbidities included: 89(45%) with a heart condition, 77(39%) diabetes, 30(15%) asthma and 14(7%) liver disease. Median time to completion for all hospitals was 4 hours(h); ((CUH (4h) vs PHHS (2h), p< 0.05; VA (5.5h) vs PHHS (2h) p< 0.05)). Most common reasons for e-consult included: (63)32% regarding re-testing ((CUH 14(21%) vs PHHS 43(50%), p< 0.05; CUH vs VA 14(27%), p< 0.05; PHHS vs VA, p< 0.05)), (61)31% testing ((CUH 25(37%) vs PHHS 39(45%), p< 0.05; CUH vs VA 7(16%), p< 0.05; PHHS vs VA, p< 0.05)) and 61(31%) infection prevention (IP). Based on the e-consult recommendation, 53(27%) of patients were tested ((CUH 31(45%) vs PHHS 11(13%), p< 0.05, CUH vs VA 11(25%), PHHS vs VA, p< 0.05)), 45(23%) were re-tested, 44(22%) of patients had PPE started on and 19% had PPE removed ((CUH 0(0%) vs PHHS 16(19%), p< 0.05; CUH vs VA 21(48%), p< 0.05; PHHS vs VA, p< 0.05)). Reason for Consult Conclusion E-consult services can provide prompt ID input during the COVID-19 pandemic, minimizing the risk of infection to the patient and health care workers while preserving PPE and testing supplies. Disclosures Roger Bedimo, MD, MS, Gilead Sciences (Consultant)Merck & Co. (Advisor or Review Panel member)ViiV Healthcare (Advisor or Review Panel member, Research Grant or Support)

scholarly journals Correction: Cigarette butt-derived carbons have ultra-high surface area and unprecedented hydrogen storage capacity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Scott Blankenship
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Capacity ◽  
Cigarette Butt ◽  
Energy Environ

Correction for ‘Cigarette butt-derived carbons have ultra-high surface area and unprecedented hydrogen storage capacity’ by L. Scott Blankenship et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2017, 10, 2552–2562, DOI: 10.1039/C7EE02616A.

scholarly journals Enabling Storage and Utilization of Low-Carbon Electricity: Power to Formic Acid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Wei Huang ◽  
Sudipta Chatterjee ◽  
Indranil Dutta ◽  
Yanwei Lum ◽  
Zhiping Lai
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Energy Carrier ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Capacity ◽  
Electricity Power ◽  
Low Toxicity

Formic acid has been proposed as a hydrogen energy carrier because of its many desirable properties, such as low toxicity and flammability, and a high volumetric hydrogen storage capacity of...

scholarly journals Spurious North Tropical Atlantic precursors to El Niño

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Zhang ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Malte F. Stuecker ◽  
Fei-Fei Jin ◽  
Axel Timmermann
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
Sst Variability ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
North Tropical Atlantic

AbstractThe El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the primary driver of year-to-year global climate variability, is known to influence the North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) sea surface temperature (SST), especially during boreal spring season. Focusing on statistical lead-lag relationships, previous studies have proposed that interannual NTA SST variability can also feed back on ENSO in a predictable manner. However, these studies did not properly account for ENSO’s autocorrelation and the fact that the SST in the Atlantic and Pacific, as well as their interaction are seasonally modulated. This can lead to misinterpretations of causality and the spurious identification of Atlantic precursors for ENSO. Revisiting this issue under consideration of seasonality, time-varying ENSO frequency, and greenhouse warming, we demonstrate that the cross-correlation characteristics between NTA SST and ENSO, are consistent with a one-way Pacific to Atlantic forcing, even though the interpretation of lead-lag relationships may suggest otherwise.

scholarly journals Projected Changes in European and North Atlantic Seasonal Wind Climate Derived from CMIP5 Simulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (19) ◽  
pp. 6467-6490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimmo Ruosteenoja ◽  
Timo Vihma ◽  
Ari Venäläinen
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The North ◽  
Seasonal Wind ◽  
Projected Changes

Abstract Future changes in geostrophic winds over Europe and the North Atlantic region were studied utilizing output data from 21 CMIP5 global climate models (GCMs). Changes in temporal means, extremes, and the joint distribution of speed and direction were considered. In concordance with previous research, the time mean and extreme scalar wind speeds do not change pronouncedly in response to the projected climate change; some degree of weakening occurs in the majority of the domain. Nevertheless, substantial changes in high wind speeds are identified when studying the geostrophic winds from different directions separately. In particular, in northern Europe in autumn and in parts of northwestern Europe in winter, the frequency of strong westerly winds is projected to increase by up to 50%. Concurrently, easterly winds become less common. In addition, we evaluated the potential of the GCMs to simulate changes in the near-surface true wind speeds. In ocean areas, changes in the true and geostrophic winds are mainly consistent and the emerging differences can be explained (e.g., by the retreat of Arctic sea ice). Conversely, in several GCMs the continental wind speed response proved to be predominantly determined by fairly arbitrary changes in the surface properties rather than by changes in the atmospheric circulation. Accordingly, true wind projections derived directly from the model output should be treated with caution since they do not necessarily reflect the actual atmospheric response to global warming.

scholarly journals Ensemble models on palaeoclimate to predict India's groundwater challenge

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Sarathi Datta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Ensemble Models ◽  
North West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
14C Age

In many parts of the world, freshwater crisis is largely due to increasing water consumption and pollution by rapidly growing population and aspirations for economic development, but, ascribed usually to the climate. However, limited understanding and knowledge gaps in the factors controlling climate and uncertainties in the climate models are unable to assess the probable impacts on water availability in tropical regions. In this context, review of ensemble models on δ18O and δD in rainfall and groundwater, 3H- and 14C- ages of groundwater and 14C- age of lakes sediments helped to reconstruct palaeoclimate and long-term recharge in the North-west India; and predict future groundwater challenge. The annual mean temperature trend indicates both warming/cooling in different parts of India in the past and during 1901–2010. Neither the GCMs (Global Climate Models) nor the observational record indicates any significant change/increase in temperature and rainfall over the last century, and climate change during the last 1200 yrs BP. In much of the North-West region, deep groundwater renewal occurred from past humid climate, and shallow groundwater renewal from limited modern recharge over the past decades. To make water management to be more responsive to climate change, the gaps in the science of climate change need to be bridged.

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