scholarly journals Minimizing Occupational Exposure to Pesticide and Increasing Control Efficacy of Pests by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Application on Cowpea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 9579
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Yan ◽  
Yangyang Zhou ◽  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Daibin Yang ◽  
Huizhu Yuan
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Field Control ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Ground Spraying

Pesticide operators are often exposed to high levels of contaminants, leading to potential adverse health impacts on these agricultural workers. In tropical regions, pesticide applicators are more vulnerable to dermal exposure than their counterparts in temperate regions. Thus, it is highly desirable to develop new spraying methods to minimize the pesticide exposure level without sacrificing the pest control efficiency. Due to their flexibility, high efficiency, and lower labor intensity, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have attracted considerable attention in precision pest management. However, the pesticide operator exposure assessment during the spraying application with UAVs, especially the comparison with conventional ground sprayers, has not been well investigated. In this work, the control effect against thrips on cowpea and operator exposure determination by aerial and ground spraying in Hainan Province were carried out and compared. When biopesticide spinetoram with the same dosage was applied, the field control efficacy against cowpea thrips sprayed by UAVs was higher than that of knapsack electric sprayers. Moreover, UAV spraying could greatly reduce water consumption and working time. For UAV spraying, when the amounts of water applied per hectare were 22.5, 30, and 37.5 L, the control effects on thrips on the first day were about 69.79%, 80.15%, and 80.58%, respectively. When Allura Red as a pesticide surrogate was applied under similar spraying scenarios with the field control against thrips on cowpea, the average total unit exposure of the knapsack operator (1952.02 mg/kg) was greatly higher than that of the UAV operator (134.51 mg/kg). The present research indicates that plant protection UAV is the direction of development of modern intensive sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Comparison of Droplet Deposition Control Efficacy on Phytophthora capsica and Aphids in the Processing Pepper Field of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Knapsack Sprayer

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinggang Xiao ◽  
Rui Du ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Xiaoqiang Han ◽  
Sifeng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Droplet Deposition ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Knapsack Sprayer ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Pillar Industry

Processing pepper planting and processing have become an important red pillar industry in Xinjiang. With the continuous growth of processing pepper planting areas in Xinjiang, diseases and pests are increasing year by year. The aim of this study was to compare the droplet deposition and control efficiency of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and electric air-pressure knapsack (EAP) sprayers on a processing pepper field. The UAV sprayer had a poor droplet coverage rate, droplet density, and deposition uniformity, but displayed the best deposition (1.01 μg/cm2, which was 98% more than the EAP sprayer). The control efficacy of the UAV sprayer on processing pepper fields with Phytophthora capsici and aphids was slightly lower than that of the EAP sprayer. When the UAV sprayer was used to control processing pepper diseases and pests, it could reduce the pesticide dosage on the premise of ensuring the control effect. Further study of the residue of high concentration pesticides in pepper fruit and environment sprayed by UAVs are needed.

scholarly journals Improved Q-Learning Algorithm Based on Approximate State Matching in Agricultural Plant Protection Environment

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
Fengjie Sun ◽  
Xianchang Wang ◽  
Rui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Optimal Policy ◽  
Feasible Solution ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Q Learning ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Optimal Action

An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) can greatly reduce manpower in the agricultural plant protection such as watering, sowing, and pesticide spraying. It is essential to develop a Decision-making Support System (DSS) for UAVs to help them choose the correct action in states according to the policy. In an unknown environment, the method of formulating rules for UAVs to help them choose actions is not applicable, and it is a feasible solution to obtain the optimal policy through reinforcement learning. However, experiments show that the existing reinforcement learning algorithms cannot get the optimal policy for a UAV in the agricultural plant protection environment. In this work we propose an improved Q-learning algorithm based on similar state matching, and we prove theoretically that there has a greater probability for UAV choosing the optimal action according to the policy learned by the algorithm we proposed than the classic Q-learning algorithm in the agricultural plant protection environment. This proposed algorithm is implemented and tested on datasets that are evenly distributed based on real UAV parameters and real farm information. The performance evaluation of the algorithm is discussed in detail. Experimental results show that the algorithm we proposed can efficiently learn the optimal policy for UAVs in the agricultural plant protection environment.

scholarly journals Raw data of laboratory toxicity and field control effect of different fungicides on Colletotrichum fructicola

Data in Brief ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107000
Author(s):  
He Jiang ◽  
Xianglong Meng ◽  
Jie Ma ◽  
Xiaonuo Sun ◽  
Yanan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Effect ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Colletotrichum Fructicola ◽  
Field Control

scholarly journals Efficiency and Persistence of Movento® Treatment against Myzus persicae and the Transmission of Aphid-Borne Viruses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2747
Author(s):  
Thomas Armand ◽  
Luâna Korn ◽  
Elodie Pichon ◽  
Marlène Souquet ◽  
Mélissandre Barbet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Viral Transmission ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Neonicotinoids are widely used to protect fields against aphid-borne viral diseases. The recent ban of these chemical compounds in the European Union has strongly impacted rapeseed and sugar beet growing practices. The poor sustainability of other insecticide families and the low efficiency of prophylactic methods to control aphid populations and pathogen introduction strengthen the need to characterize the efficiency of new plant protection products targeting aphids. In this study, the impact of Movento® (Bayer S.A.S., Leverkusen, Germany), a tetrameric acid derivative of spirotetramat, on Myzus persicae and on viral transmission was analyzed under different growing temperatures. The results show (i) the high efficiency of Movento® to protect rapeseed and sugar beet plants against the establishment of aphid colonies, (ii) the impact of temperature on the persistence of the Movento® aphicid properties and (iii) a decrease of approximately 10% of the viral transmission on treated plants. These observations suggest a beneficial effect of Movento® on the sanitary quality of treated crops by directly reducing primary infections and indirectly altering, through aphid mortality, secondary infections on which the spread of disease within field depends. These data constitute important elements for the future development of management strategies to protect crops against aphid-transmitted viruses.

scholarly journals Using Improved Edge Detection Method to Detect Mining-Induced Ground Fissures Identified by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3652
Author(s):  
Duo Xu ◽  
Yixin Zhao ◽  
Yaodong Jiang ◽  
Cun Zhang ◽  
Bo Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Edge Detection ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Laplacian Operator ◽  
Ground Fissures ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Edge Detection Method

Information on the ground fissures induced by coal mining is important to the safety of coal mine production and the management of environment in the mining area. In order to identify these fissures timely and accurately, a new method was proposed in the present paper, which is based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a visible light camera and an infrared camera. According to such equipment, edge detection technology was used to detect mining-induced ground fissures. Field experiments show high efficiency of the UAV in monitoring the mining-induced ground fissures. Furthermore, a reasonable time period between 3:00 a.m. and 5:00 a.m. under the studied conditions helps UAV infrared remote sensing identify fissures preferably. The Roberts operator, Sobel operator, Prewitt operator, Canny operator and Laplacian operator were tested to detect the fissures in the visible image, infrared image and fused image. An improved edge detection method was proposed which based on the Laplacian of Gaussian, Canny and mathematical morphology operators. The peak signal-to-noise rate, effective edge rate, Pratt’s figure of merit and F-measure indicated that the proposed method was superior to the other methods. In addition, the fissures in infrared images at different times can be accurately detected by the proposed method except at 7:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m. and 3:00 p.m.

scholarly journals Theoretical studies of the movement of grain moth eggs infected with the trichogram dosing and scattering device of an unmanned aerial vehicle

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
S. O. Maranda ◽  
V. V. Adamchuk
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Particle Motion ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Annotation Purpose. Determination of the influence of parameters and modes of operation of the dosing and scattering device on the speed characteristics of the movement of grain moth eggs infected with trichogramma. Methods. Theoretical studies of the process of particle motion of the test material by the dosing and scattering device were performed using the basic laws of classical theoretical mechanics. Results. On the basis of the analysis of means for settlement of a trichogram the design of the dosing and scattering device of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for settlement of a trichogram is defined. According to the results of theoretical studies, it was concluded that in order to achieve high velocity characteristics of the trichogram movement, the length of the diffuser-deflector deflector, the radius of curvature of the deflector and the angle of the deflector sector must have parameters at which the trichogram will be minimally reduced. The material from which the dosing and dispensing device is made must have the lowest possible coefficient of friction. Conclusions 1. According to the results of theoretical research it is established that with increasing: the curvature of the deflector arc from 0.03 m to 0.09 m and the angle of the deflector sector 0° to 90°, the speed of the trichogram varies from 5 m/s to 3.5 m/s. 2. To increase the width of the capture when performing the technological operation of settling the trichogram, the angle of the deflector sector should be in the range of 45–90°. 3. When changing the coefficient of friction from 0.2 to 0.9, the velocity of the particle decreases from 4.61 m/s to 3.5 m/s. With an increase in the coefficient of friction in 2 times the speed decreases by 8%. Keywords: theory of material particle motion, dosing and scattering device, unmanned aerial vehicle, biological plant protection, trichogram settlement, settlement norm, capture width.

INFLUENCE OF INSECTICIDES ON PRODUCTIVITY IN RAPE CROPS IN AKMOLA REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.Н.Сертек,Ш.Ш. Бекенова,А.П.Науанова, З.Ш Сулейменова
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Harmful Organisms

According to the results of research on the phytosanitary status of rapeseed on ordinary Chernozem of the forest-steppe zone of the Akmola region, the species composition of pests was determined. Danadim power, Zolone 35% KE, Decis Expert were used against pests of this rapeseed. Indicators of biological effectiveness in the use of insecticides against pests ranged from 78-95%.The article discusses the biological and economic effectiveness of insecticides used against the main pests of rapeseed. Treatment of cruciferous rape beetle, rapeseed sawfly and cruciferous bug with Decis Expert insecticide (0.075 l/ha) showed high efficiency during the growing season. The use of plant protection products against a complex of harmful organisms showed that, depending on the prevailing climatic conditions, the yield increased to 1.3 c/ha, and the maximum - to 1.9 c/ha. Thus, according to the biological effectiveness of insecticides used against pests, the productDecis Expert showed high results in all pests. On the Cruciferous rape beetle it was 85.7%, in the turnip sawfly – 93.5%, in the cruciferous bug – 81.9%.

Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing for Geological Disaster Reconnaissance along Transportation Lines: A Case Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 226-228 ◽  
pp. 2376-2379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Ping Hu ◽  
Wen Bin Wu ◽  
Qu Lin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Geological Investigation ◽  
Geological Disaster ◽  
Transportation Line ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Engineering Geological Investigation

Compared with conventional airborne remote sensing application to engineering geological investigation, High precision Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing (UAV-RS) technology can improve work condition with advantages of high flexibility, low cost, high efficiency and up-to-date situation acquisition. Especially, it has very important engineering significance for quick and urgent geological disaster reconnaissance along transportation lines. In the paper, some aspects of application to transportation-line (pipeline, highway and railway) engineering geological investigation were discussed. The concerned key points, including components of UAV-RS system, data processing workflow and image interpretation were analyzed. As a case study, a UAV-RS application project for transportation-line geological disaster investigation was given. The utilization of this new remote sensing technology successfully collected and discovered potential geological disasters and provided scientific data for timely decision-making.

A Comparative Study of Corrosion Related Electro-Magnetic Field Control Effect

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 450-454
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Wu ◽  
Shao Hua Xing ◽  
Cheng Hao Liang ◽  
Yong Gui Yan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Electro Magnetic Field ◽  
Physical Scale ◽  
Magnetic Signature ◽  
Field Control ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Electromagnetic Signature ◽  
Electro Magnetic

The corrosion related electro-magnetic signature is easily detected by modern sensor deployed in mine and other signal measurement system, so the importance of reducing is rapidly growing today. The eliminating effect of shaft frequency signature by shaft insulating technique, passive grounding technique and active grounding technique was comparatively studied by physical scale model (PSM), and their influence on static electromagnetic signature was also studied by boundary element method (BEM). Simulation results suggested that active shaft grounding technique was the best way for eliminating shaft frequency signature, but static electromagnetic signature was stronger than that when the shaft was insulated from hull.

scholarly journals Online Adaptive Error Compensation SVM-Based Sliding Mode Control of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaijia Xue ◽  
Congqing Wang ◽  
Zhiyu Li ◽  
Hanxin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode Control ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Error Compensation ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Mode Control ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is a nonlinear dynamic system with uncertainties and noises. Therefore, an appropriate control system has an obligation to ensure the stabilization and navigation of UAV. This paper mainly discusses the control problem of quad-rotor UAV system, which is influenced by unknown parameters and noises. Besides, a sliding mode control based on online adaptive error compensation support vector machine (SVM) is proposed for stabilizing quad-rotor UAV system. Sliding mode controller is established through analyzing quad-rotor dynamics model in which the unknown parameters are computed by offline SVM. During this process, the online adaptive error compensation SVM method is applied in this paper. As modeling errors and noises both exist in the process of flight, the offline SVM one-time mode cannot predict the uncertainties and noises accurately. The control law is adjusted in real-time by introducing new training sample data to online adaptive SVM in the control process, so that the stability and robustness of flight are ensured. It can be demonstrated through the simulation experiments that the UAV that joined online adaptive SVM can track the changing path faster according to its dynamic model. Consequently, the proposed method that is proved has the better control effect in the UAV system.

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