Halophyte Plants Cultured in Aquaponics Hold the Same Potential for Valorization as Wild Conspecifics from Donor Sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11586
Author(s):  
Bruna Marques ◽  
Elisabete Maciel ◽  
Maria Rosário Domingues ◽  
Ricardo Calado ◽  
Ana Isabel Lillebø
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Salicornia Ramosissima ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Edible Parts ◽  
Potential Use

Halophytes have gradually been introduced in marine integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems due to their capacity to bioremediate nutrient-rich marine effluents and their potential use for human consumption due to their content of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (FA). To foster the valorization of halophytes produced using an IMTA framework for human consumption, it is important that culture conditions keep or enhance their FA profile, when compared to that displayed by conspecifics in the wild. The main objective of the present study was to compare the FA profiles of three halophyte species (Halimione portulacoides, Salicornia ramosissima and Sarcocornia perennis) cultured in aquaponics coupled to an IMTA system with that of wild conspecifics retrieved from donor sites. The FA profiles were compared considering different plant organs (edible parts and roots) and sampling dates (spring, summer and autumn). Results show that the FA profiles of specimens cultured in aquaponics were significantly different from that of wild conspecifics, displaying a high content of omega-3 FAs in edible parts, particularly during summer, and mostly in the form of α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3). In more detail, for the specimens cultured in aquaponics, ALA concentration in the edible parts of each species ranged from 5.10 to 7.11 μg mg−1 DW in H. portulacoides, from 5.66 to 9.19 μg mg−1 DW in S. ramosissima and from 5.49 to 7.20 μg mg−1 DW in S. perennis. Concerning the omega-6 linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) identified in edible parts, the concentrations ranged from 2.25 to 2.46 μg mg−1 DW in H. portulacoides, from 3.26 to 4.84 μg mg−1 DW in S. ramosissima, and from 2.17 to 3.06 μg mg−1 DW in S. perennis. The nutritional quality was assessed through the ratio of PUFA/SFA, for both wild and cultured plants, and revealed values well above the threshold (0.45), the threshold value indicative of good nutritional quality. Overall, the culture conditions tested in the present work reinforce the potential of aquaponics coupled to marine IMTA to produce high-quality halophytes suitable for human consumption.

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization and Biotechnological Potentials of Thraustochytrids from Icelandic Waters

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnús Örn Stefánsson ◽  
Sigurður Baldursson ◽  
Kristinn P. Magnússon ◽  
Arnheiður Eyþórsdóttir ◽  
Hjörleifur Einarsson
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Marine Oils ◽  
Media Formulation ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
First Time ◽  
18S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Icelandic Waters

The following study reports on the first thraustochytrid isolates identified from Iceland. They were collected from three different locations off the northern coast of the country (Location A, Skagaströnd; Location B, Hveravík; and Location C, Eyjafjörður). Using 18S rDNA sequence analysis, isolates from Locations A and B were identified within the Thraustochytrium kinnei species while other isolates within the Sicyoidochytrium minutum species when compared to other known strains. Cells isolated from Locations A ( 2 . 10 ± 0 . 70 g/L) and B ( 1 . 54 ± 0 . 17 g/L) produced more biomass than the ones isolated from Location C ( 0 . 43 ± 0 . 02 g/L). This study offers the first-time examination of the utility of byproducts from fisheries as a nitrogen source in media formulation for thraustochytrids. Experiments showed that isolates produced more biomass (per unit of substrate) when cultured on nitrogen of marine ( 2 . 55 ± 0 . 74 g/L) as compared to of commercial origin (  1 . 06 ± 0 . 57 g/L). Glycerol ( 2 . 43 ± 0 . 56 g/L) was a better carbon source than glucose ( 1 . 84 ± 0 . 57 g/L) in growth studies. Fatty acid (FA) profiles showed that the isolates from Location C (S. minutum) had low ratios of monounsaturated ( 4 . 21 ± 2 . 96 % ) and omega-6 ( 0 . 68 ± 0 . 59 % ) FAs. However, the isolates also had high ratios of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 35 . 65 ± 1 . 73 % ) and total omega-3 FAs ( 40 . 39 ± 2 . 39 % ), indicating that they could serve as a source of marine oils for human consumption and in aquaculture feeds. The T. kinnei isolates from Location A could be used in biodiesel production due to their high ratios of monounsaturated ( 18 . 38 ± 6 . 27 % ) long chain ( 57 . 43 ± 8 . 27 % ) FAs.

scholarly journals UV Spectrophotometry Applied to the Quantification of Omega-3, -6 and -9 in Fresh Tissues of Wild and Farmed Tambaqui

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 183-195
Author(s):  
Cidiane Oliveira ◽  
Judes Santos ◽  
Raniere Garcez Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorption ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
The Other ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Amazonas State

The demand for healthy foods has also increased the demand for wild and farmed tambaqui since it is a fish rich in omega-3, -6 and -9. To determine which of the two types of fish has the best nutritional quality and thus test the hypothesis that there are no nutritional differences between the groups of fish evaluated, the method of ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry was used. For this, tambaqui from different environments (wild and farmed) were obtained in the states of Amazonas and Rondonia, Brazil. The fish groups showed differences in the concentrations of omega-3, -6 and -9 (ANOVA, F (8.30) = 16.213, and p < 0.01), both between states and between environments. The wild fish of the Amazonas state presented the best quality meat, and exhibited the highest concentrations of omega-3 (0.223 g ± 0.05 g) and omega-9 (0.208 g ± 0.04 g), which also implies the presence of omega-6, while the other group of fish exhibited the lowest values of omega in their composition.

scholarly journals Inclusion of soybean and linseed oils in the diet of lactating dairy cows makes the milk fatty acid profile nutritionally healthier for the human diet

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246357
Author(s):  
Mauricio X. S. Oliveira ◽  
Andre S. V. Palma ◽  
Barbara R. Reis ◽  
Camila S. R. Franco ◽  
Alessandra P. S. Marconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6

Fluid milk and its derivatives are important dietary ingredients that contribute to daily nutrient intake of the modern Homo sapiens. To produce milk that is healthier for human consumption, the present study evaluated the effect of adding soybean oil and linseed oil in the diet of lactating cows. The fatty acid profile of milk, milk composition, and the blood parameters of cows were evaluated. Eighteen Holstein cows were distributed in a replicated Latin square design and distributed according to the following treatments: 1) Control (CC): traditional dairy cow diet, without addition of oil; 2) Soybean oil (SO): 2.5% addition of soybean oil to the traditional diet, as a source of omega-6; 3) Linseed oil (LO): 2.5% addition of linseed oil in the diet as a source of omega-3. Milk production was not affected, but oil supplementation decreased feed intake by 1.93 kg/cow/day. The milk fat percentage was significantly lower when cows were supplemented with vegetable oil (3.37, 2.75 and 2.89% for CC, SO and LO, respectively). However, both soybean and linseed oils decreased the concentration of saturated fatty acids (66.89, 56.52 and 56.60 g/100g for CC, SO and LO respectively), increased the amount of unsaturated fatty acids in milk (33.05, 43.39, and 43.35 g/100g for CC, SO and LO respectively) and decreased the ratio between saturated/unsaturated fatty acids (2.12, 1.34, and 1.36 for CC, SO and LO respectively). Furthermore, SO and LO increased significantly the concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids (29.58, 39.55 and 39.47 g/100g for CC, SO and LO respectively), though it did not significantly alter the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk fat (3.57, 3.93 and 3.98 g/100g for CC, SO and LO respectively). Supplementation with LO enhanced the concentration of omega-3 fatty acids on milk (0.32, 0.36, and 1.02 for CC, SO and LO respectively). Blood variables aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, urea, albumin, creatinine and total proteins were not altered. On the other hand, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL were greater in the group supplemented with vegetable oils. Supplementation with vegetable oils reduced the dry matter intake of cows, the fat content of milk, and improved saturated/unsaturated fatty acid ratio of milk fat. Compared to the SO treatment, animals fed LO produced milk with greater content of omega-3, and a more desirable omega-6/omega-3 ratio on a human nutrition perspective. Thus, the inclusion of SO and LO in the diet of lactating dairy cows makes the milk fatty acid profile nutritionally healthier for the human consumption.

scholarly journals Bee Propolis, Bee Bread, and Royal Jelly: Proximate Analysis, Fatty Acid Composition, Nutritional Quality, and Anti-Amylase Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Fallah ◽  
Fatemeh Najafi ◽  
Gholamreza Kavoosi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Omega 6

Abstract This work explores the proximate composition, fatty acid profile, nutritional quality, and anti-amylase activity of propolis, royal jelly, and bee bread. The differential FTIR patterns of propolis, royal jelly, and bee bread reflect these products have different proximate compositions and nutritional properties. The values for carbohydrate, fat, and protein values of be products are similar to egg and soya. The primary fatty acids bee bread and bee propolis are palmitic, linolenic, oleic, linoleic, myristic, and docosanoic acids. The primary fatty acids in royal jelly are 2-dodecenedioic, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic, decanedioic, linoleic, 10-hydroxydecanoic acid 3-hydroxy-decanoic acids, respectively. The propolis, bee bread, and royal jelly have well-balanced saturated, unsaturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega-3, and omega-6 fatty acids. Their nutritional quality, including omega-6/omega-3, thrombogenicity, atherogenicity, hypocholesterolemic, nutritional value, and peroxidizability indexes, are similar to egg and soya. Fatty acids inhibit amylase by increasing Km/Vmax and decreasing Vmax and Km through an un-competition or non-competition strategy. Molecular docking, ultraviolet absorption, and fluorescence quenching analysis reveal that fatty acids interact with amino acid residues of amylase through Van der Waals and hydrogen bonds interactions. Functional fatty acids from bee products can be used in a number of food supplements, food ingredients, and medications to provide carbohydrate-degrading enzymes.

scholarly journals Study on Portulaca Oleracea Native Species as Vegetal Source of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2973-2980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice Popescu (Popiniuc) ◽  
Carmen Popescu ◽  
Stefan Manea ◽  
Valentin Vladut ◽  
Ioan Caba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Omega 6

Fatty grass, grasita or purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is an important plant identified as a natural weed in field crops and lawns. Purslane is widespread worldwide and is popular as edible plants in many areas of Europe, Asia and the Mediterranean region. This plant possesses mucilaginous substances of great medicinal importance. It is a rich source of potassium, magnesium and calcium and has the potential to be used as a vegetal source of omega-3 and omega-6. It is very good as a source of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and contains the highest amount compared to any other green leafy vegetables. It also contains significant amounts of alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid, as well as an increased content of oxalate in fresh leaves. The antioxidant value and nutritional content of purslane are important for human consumption. It reveals a huge nutritional potential and indicates the potential for future use of this plant in food industry, dietary supplements, drugs, cosmetics and products for body care.

scholarly journals Comparison of farmed and wild common carp (Cyprinus carpio): Seasonal variations in chemical composition and fatty acid profile

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 503-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yeganeh ◽  
B. Shabanpour ◽  
HosseiniH ◽  
ImanpouMR ◽  
A. Shabani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Wild Carp

Chemical composition and fatty acid profile of fillets from farmed and wild common carp were assessed in the course of four seasons. Ten wild and ten0 farmed fish were collected in the middle month of each season (except summer due to unavailability of wild fish) during the year. Lipid and protein contents of the samples decreased from summer to spring (protein: 17.6 &plusmn; 0.3&ndash;15.9 &plusmn; 1.6; 18.2 &plusmn; 0.1&ndash;17.9 &plusmn; 1.4%, in the farmed and wild carp samples, lipid (5.1 &plusmn; 0.2&ndash;1.5 &plusmn; 0.5; 3.8&nbsp;&plusmn; 0.6&ndash;2.8 &plusmn; 0.9%, respectively; P &gt; 0.05), moisture content of both samples increased in this period (76.7 &plusmn; 1.4&ndash;81.4&nbsp;&plusmn;&nbsp;0.4, 75.5 &plusmn; 0.6&ndash;78.5 &plusmn; 0.2 in the farmed and wild carp, respectively). Protein content of wild carp fillet was higher (17.7 &plusmn; 0.8% protein vs. and 16.2 &plusmn; 1.2%) and moisture content was lower than those of the farmed counterparts (77.65 &plusmn; 0.6 vs. and 79.3 &plusmn; 0.1, P &lt; 0.05). In all seasons, MUFA were higher than SFA and also the PUFA. In the wild carp fillet, PUFA was higher than SFA in winter and spring but in the farmed carp it was higher in all seasons except the spring. Palmitic, oleic, and DHA were the major SFA, MUFA, and PUFA in the wild carp fillet, respectively. In the farmed carp fillet, the major SFA and MUFA were similar to those in the wild one but linoleic acid was the major PUFA in all seasons. &omega;-3/&omega;-6 PUFA ratios in the wild carp fillet were higher than in the farmed counterparts.

A comparative assessment of the fatty acid profiles and antioxidant status of supermarket eggs

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Gaffney ◽  
Rachel O'Rourke ◽  
Jules Taylor-Pickard ◽  
Richard Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Nutrient Deposition ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Egg Yolks

SummaryNutrient deposition in eggs is largely dictated by the dietary composition of laying hen feed, particularly in terms of specific fatty acids and antioxidants. In the present study, the nutritional quality of a range of commercially available egg varieties, marketed as omega-3 enriched; corn-fed; free range and standard caged, were assessed by determining fatty acid profiles and antioxidant status. Across each egg variety, significant differences were observed in key fatty acids such as palmitic, oleic, linoleic, alpha-linolenic and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (P ≤ 0.05). Egg yolks enriched with a stated dietary source of omega-3 fatty acid DHA were shown to have significantly improved levels of DHA (P ≤ 0.05), approximately 4.5-fold higher than standard caged eggs. Compared with free range, corn fed and caged, eggs from diets enriched with a source of omega-3 were shown to have considerably altered omega-6: omega-3 ratios, amounting to 1.5–2.1 fold reductions. Yolk antioxidant activity was improved for omega-3 enriched eggs, particularly in hexane fractionated samples. The inclusion of omega-3 fatty acids to the diet resulted in eggs with improved DHA contents and antioxidant status, highlighting the importance of poultry diet composition for egg nutritional quality.

Teor e composição de lipídeos como ferramenta de gestão na nutrição de bovinos

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e334974037
Author(s):  
Graciele Araújo de Oliveira Caetano ◽  
Angela Aparecida da Fonseca ◽  
Cibelle Borges Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Omega 3 ◽  
Ácido Linoleico Conjugado ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
3 Omega

Um fator diferencial na produção de bovinos é a compreensão da contribuição individual dos ácidos graxos e do papel dos lipídeos nos ruminantes, tanto na forma de análise (ácido graxo ou extrato etéreo), conceitos relacionados às características de ômega 3, ômega 6 e ácido linoleico conjugado na bio-hidrogenação, no metabolismo pós-absorção, bem como no conteúdo e composição dos ácidos graxos em relação à matéria seca dos alimentos. Sabe-se que diversos fatores podem afetar o teor, digestibilidade e degradabilidade das fibras presente na forragem, e o mesmo ocorre com os lipídeos. As diferenças entre os valores dos compostos presentes nos lipídeos podem ocorrer dependendo do ambiente, região do país ou fase de colheita e por isso, torna-se importante obter a análise da composição de ácidos graxos dos alimentos lipídicos, para que dessa maneira seja possível otimizar a utilização deste nutriente na dieta de animais ruminantes. Sendo assim, a proposta dessa revisão será trazer a discussão sobre o tema e abordar um entendimento sobre o conteúdo e composição de ácidos graxos dos ingredientes que compõem a dieta dos animais ruminantes, com ênfase na influência exercida no desempenho produtivo, imunonutrição, e no produto final (carne ou leite).

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