scholarly journals Evaluation of the Rheological Property of Binder-Filler Systems after Oxidation Based on a Simple Film Oven Aging Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2542
Author(s):  
Hongmei Li ◽  
Jiwang Jiang ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Xiang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Property ◽  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Aging Effect ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Master Curves ◽  
Oxidative Aging ◽  
Aging Index ◽  
Frequency Sweep Test ◽  
Simple Film ◽  
Mineral Aggregates

Asphalt mastic is a combination of binder and filler. The binder-filler system within asphalt mixtures plays an important role in adhesion between mineral aggregates. The aging of binders in pavement always happens with fillers inside or contact with mineral aggregates, so it is critical to investigate the evolved rheological property of binder-filler systems during oxidative aging. In this study, simple film oven aging methods for the aging of mastics (binder-filler system) were conducted and verified by comparing the master-curves of aged mastics at different oven positions or different aging times. The frequency sweep test was performed to measure the changing stiffness of mastics with a different combination of binders and filler contents. Test results show that oven positions could influence the aging effect of the mastics significantly, given the influence of circulation. With increasing aging times, the complex modulus increases while phase angle decreases. Comparing the mastics which were first aged then mixed with mastics which were first mixed then aged, it was observed that fillers inside the binder could accelerate aging of the mastics. Additionally, the aging index of mastics with different combinations showed that both the modification of binders and filler contents could affect the aging rate of the mastics.

Influence of Chemical Constituents of Asphalt Binders on Their Rheological Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (6) ◽  
pp. 458-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lakshmi Roja ◽  
Eyad Masad
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
High Density ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Aging Index ◽  
Linear Viscoelastic ◽  
Frequency Sweep Test ◽  
Rheological Test

The goal of this study is to investigate the chemical constituents and rheological properties of three different binders used in the State of Qatar. Binders were designated as WL (source 1, low density), WH (source 1, high density) and AH (source 2, high density). Binder composition analysis was carried out using the saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltene determinator (SAR-AD) technique. The percentages of saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes were measured, and from those, the total pericondensed aromatics (TPA), absorbance aging index (AAI), and colloidal instability index (CII) were obtained and their relationship to rheological test results was investigated. In the rheological investigation, the linear viscoelastic properties of these binders were evaluated using a frequency sweep test. The rutting characteristics were evaluated using the percentage of recovery and non-recoverable creep compliance values from the multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) test, while the fatigue resistance was assessed using the linear amplitude sweep (LAS) test. The WL binder was found to have the highest stiffness, which is associated with the highest TPA content. From the MSCR test, the AH binder had the lowest rut resistance. This binder also had the lowest CII value, which represents the balanced chemical composition of this material. Out of the three binders, WH had the highest AAI value which is related to the least fatigue life as measured in the LAS test.

scholarly journals Apparent Molecular Weight Distributions for Investigating Aging in Polymer-Modified Bitumen

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Miriam Cappello ◽  
Sara Filippi ◽  
Yvong Hung ◽  
Massimo Losa ◽  
Giovanni Polacco
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Apparent Molecular Weight ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Master Curves ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Oxidative Aging ◽  
Molecular Weight Distributions ◽  
Weight Distributions ◽  
Polymer Modified Bitumen

The oxidative aging of bituminous binders affects the performance and durability of pavements. In the case of polymer-modified binders, aging involves both bitumen and polymers and has a strong impact on the whole architecture of the material. Rheology may help in understanding these structural changes, and interesting information may be obtained by analysing the evolution of apparent molecular weight distributions. This was demonstrated with a bituminous binder modified with a poly(styrene-butadiene) block copolymer and subjected to prolonged artificial aging. Isothermal frequency sweep tests were used to construct master curves of the phase angle and magnitude of the complex modulus. The master curves were then used to calculate relaxation spectra and apparent molecular weight distributions of the binders, as well as simulated temperature sweep tests. A comparison of the behaviour of the base and modified bitumen highlighted the role of the polymer in aging. Polymer degradation significantly damages the elastomeric network, yet the residual polymer chains still interact with the bitumen molecules and reduce their oxidative aging. The apparent molecular weight distributions were deconvoluted to create an aging index specifically developed for polymer-modified bitumen.

Modeling the Tensile Behaviour of a SiC/SiC Composite by Master Curves

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Shi
Keyword(s):  
Master Curve ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Master Curves ◽  
The Past ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Tensile Data

Scatter in test results is common for relatively brittle materials such as ceramic matrix composites. The scatter may come from differences in material processing conditions, specimen machining/handling and from variations in test parameters for nominally the same test material. Large scatter in test results makes material modeling difficult. In the past, master curve concepts have been proposed to reduce scatter in tensile data and to interpret fatigue/creep results. In this paper, one such concept is examined in detail by applying it to the recent tensile test results of a SiC/SiC composite. It was found that the way to construct master curves did not apply to the CMC studied and thus a new master curve was developed to better represent the tensile data. In addition, the test data were analysed statistically based on the new master curve.

Dynamic Viscoelastic Properties of SBS Modified Asphalt Based on DSR Testing

2012 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
pp. 473-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Mei Guo ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Master Curves ◽  
Temperature Property ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
High Temperature Property ◽  
Frequency Sweeps

Five SBS modified asphalts and one base asphalt were selected to carry out frequency sweeps over a wider frequency range using the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). Six asphalt binders were subjected to sinusoidal loading at 30°C-90°C within the linear viscoelastic limits, and master curves of complex modulus (G*) and phase angle (δ) could be constructed by means of the time-temperature superposition principle (TTSP). The results show that the G* values of SBS modified asphalts are significantly greater than those of base asphalt at low frequencies, but are slightly smaller at high frequencies. Compared with the base asphalt, SBS modified asphalts have narrower master curves of complex modulus, and their phase angles are much smaller within the whole frequency range. This indicates that various properties of SBS modified asphalts, such as high-temperature property, low-temperature property, temperature susceptibility and elastic recoverability, are superior to those of the base asphalt. The G* values of the rolling thin-film oven (RTFO) aged asphalt are larger than those of the unaged asphalt in the whole range of frequencies, demonstrating that the anti-rutting performance of asphalt binder is improved after short-term aging.

scholarly journals Rheology of Asphalt Binder Modified with 5W30 Viscosity Grade Waste Engine Oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Touqeer Shoukat ◽  
Pyeong Jun Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Thermal Cracking ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Colloidal Systems ◽  
Oxidative Aging ◽  
Waste Engine Oil ◽  
Performance Grade ◽  
Oil Fraction ◽  
Rotational Viscosity

The pavement structure tends to shrink under low temperature conditions and cracks will appear upon crossing threshold binder stiffness. Decreasing the binder viscosity at such low temperatures, by introducing additional oil fraction (aromatics and saturates) in asphalt colloidal systems, may result in improved resistance to thermal cracking. A single multi-grade engine oil (5W30) was used in this study to analyze the rheological properties imparted to binders. Rotational Viscosity (RV) test revealed that after Rolling Thin Film Oven (RTFO) aging, fresh oil and waste oil have a similar effect on decreasing the viscosity of binder and construction temperatures, reducing them by 5~8 °C. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) test results showed an abrupt increase of carbonyl concertation when fresh engine oil was used for rejuvenation while waste engine oil was less susceptible to oxidative aging. Dynamic analysis of modified binders proved that engine oil has better thermal cracking resistance but relaxation ability of binders and rutting resistance was impaired. Filtered waste engine oil resulted in a 35% decrement in the stiffness of binder compared to virgin asphalt after short term aging but upper Performance Grade (PG) was compromised by 1~3 °C with 2.5% oil inclusion. Unfiltered waste engine oil proved to have the least overall performance compared to fresh and filtered waste engine oil.

Rheological Characteristics of Residue Binder from Low Penetration Grade Bitumen Emulsion

2012 ◽  
Vol 509 ◽  
pp. 328-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Ji Xu ◽  
Mei Zhu Chen ◽  
Shao Peng Wu ◽  
Martin Van de Ven ◽  
Steven Mookhoek
Keyword(s):  
Phase Angle ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Master Curves ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Stabilization Process ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Three Stages

In this study, residue binders from low penetration grade bitumen emulsions were investigated on the basis of rheology and were compared to the neat bitumen binders of which they were produced. The recovery method proposed by EN 13074 (including both recovery and stabilization process at moderate temperatures) was selected to obtain the residue binders used in the analysis, and the corresponding neat binders were treated the same for comparison. The rheological properties of residue binder from low penetration grade bitumen emulsion were evaluated using Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). During the curing process, three stages were divided, and master curves of complex modulus and phase angle were constructed to allow comparison of the residue binder over a large range of frequencies for each stage. The results showed that the complex modulus increases while the phase angle decreases with curing process for the residues, indicating a better performance in terms of elasticity and stiffness.

Performance Testing of Segregated Hot-Mix Asphalt Samples to Evaluate Segregation Models

2005 ◽  
Vol 1907 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
Junxia Wu ◽  
Pedro Romero
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Constant Height ◽  
Frequency Sweep Test ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Shear Tester ◽  
Light Medium

Testing of asphalt concrete samples was conducted by using the asphalt pavement analyzer test, the Superpave® shear tester (SST) frequency sweep test, and the SST repeat shear at constant height test to determine the rutting susceptibility that might be expected from samples that have different levels of segregation. Previous research had divided segregation into four levels: none, light, medium, and high. Test results suggest that samples with different segregation levels might show similar rutting susceptibility. Therefore, performance-related models were established in which segregation was divided into three levels: good, fair, and unacceptable. The performance-related models were applied to field data, and examination indicates that the modified models are capable of assessing segregation in field projects. Examination also found that fine segregation was present. Fine segregation can be predicted by extrapolating the developed model from the coarse part to the fine part. However, more data should be investigated to develop acceptable criteria for fine segregation. A methodology was developed to improve pavement quality by controlling aggregate segregation and poor compaction in placed mats. With the models and the proposed methodology, realistic construction uniformity could be assessed by agencies and contractors, which is the first step in obtaining pavements with high performance and longer service life.

scholarly journals Chemical and Rheological Evaluation of Aged Lignin-Modified Bitumen

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Xueyan Liu ◽  
Panos Apostolidis ◽  
Wolfgang Gard ◽  
Martin van de Ven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Oxidative Aging ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Rheological Effect

As bitumen oxidizes, material stiffening and embrittlement occur, and bitumen eventually cracks. The use of anti-oxidants, such as lignin, could be used to delay oxidative aging and to extend the lifetime of asphalt pavements. In this study, the chemical and rheological effect of lignin on bitumen was evaluated by using a single dosage organsolv lignin (10 wt.% dosage). A pressure aging vessel (PAV) was used to simulate the long-term aging process after performing the standard short-term aging procedure, and the lignin-modified bituminous binders were characterized by an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). From the ESEM results, the uniform microstructure was observed, indicating that the addition of lignin did not affect the worm structure of bitumen. Based on the FTIR test results, lignin-modified bitumen showed that a lower number of carbonyl and sulfoxide compounds were generated after aging than for neat bitumen. Based on the linear amplitude sweep (LAS) results, the addition of lignin slightly reduced the fatigue life of bitumen. From the frequency sweep results, it showed that lignin in bitumen acts as a modifier since the physical interaction between lignin and bitumen predominantly affects the material rheology. Overall, lignin could be a promising anti-oxidant due to its economic and environmental benefits.

scholarly journals The Effects of Salt on Rheological Properties of Asphalt after Long-Term Aging

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yilin Luo ◽  
Long Yin
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Aged Asphalt ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Polymer Modified Asphalt ◽  
Phase Angles

Limited studies in recent years have shown that asphalt pavement subject to seawater in coastal regions or deicing salt in cold regions may be seriously damaged after being soaked in saline water for a long time. However, there is limited research into the influence of salt on rheological properties of asphalt after long-term aging. In this study, rheological properties of unmodified and polymer-modified asphalt after long-term aging were tested after being soaked in different concentrations of salt (0.3%~5%) for different durations (1 day~30 days). Orthogonal array based on the Taguchi method was used for experimental design. The frequency sweep tests were performed on the specimens of aged asphalt after being soaked for complex modulus and phase angle master curves and ultimate fatigue temperature. BBR tests were performed for stiffness. The test results indicate that saline water appears to reduce low temperature properties and fatigue resistance properties and improved high temperature properties of aged asphalt, and it also affects the sensitivity of complex modulus and phase angles at low frequencies.

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