scholarly journals Algorithmically Optimized Hemispherical Dome as a Secondary Optical Element for the Fresnel Lens Solar Concentrator

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 2757
Author(s):  
Hassan Qandil ◽  
Shuping Wang ◽  
Weihuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Spherical Geometry ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Geometrical Approach ◽  
Light Refraction ◽  
Hemispherical Dome ◽  
Optimization Parameters

The significance of this work lies in the development of a novel code-based, detailed, and deterministic geometrical approach that couples the optimization of the Fresnel lens primary optical element (POE) and the dome-shaped secondary optical element (SOE). The objective was to maximize the concentration acceptance product (CAP), while using the minimum SOE and receiver geometry at a given f-number and incidence angle (also referred to as the tracking error angle). The laws of polychromatic light refraction along with trigonometry and spherical geometry were utilized to optimize the POE grooves, SOE radius, receiver size, and SOE–receiver spacing. Two literature case studies were analyzed to verify this work’s optimization, both with a spot Fresnel lens POE and a spherical dome SOE. Case 1 had a 625 cm2 POE at an f-number of 1.5, and Case 2 had a 314.2 cm2 POE at an f-number of 1.34. The equivalent POE designed by this work, with optimized SOE radiuses of 13.6 and 11.4 mm, respectively, enhanced the CAP value of Case 1 by 52% to 0.426 and that of Case 2 by 32.4% to 0.45. The SOE’s analytical optimization of Case 1 was checked by a simulated comparative analysis to ensure the validity of the results. Fine-tuning this design for thermal applications and concentrated photovoltaics is also discussed in this paper. The algorithm can be further improved for more optimization parameters and other SOE shapes.

scholarly journals Optical Performance of Single Point-Focus Fresnel Lens Concentrator System for Multiple Multi-Junction Solar Cells—A Numerical Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4301
Author(s):  
Yassir A. Alamri ◽  
Saad Mahmoud ◽  
Raya Al-Dadah ◽  
Shivangi Sharma ◽  
J. N. Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Concave Lens

This paper investigates the potential of a new integrated solar concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system that uses a solo point focus Fresnel lens for multiple multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs). The proposed system comprises of an FL concentrator as the primary optical element, a multi-leg homogeniser as the secondary optical element (SOE), a plano-concave lens, and four MJSCs. A three-dimensional model of this system was developed using the ray tracing method to predict the influence of aperture width, height, and position with respect to MJSCs of different reflective and refractive SOE on the overall optical efficiency of the system and the irradiance uniformity achieved on the MJSCs’ surfaces. The results show that the refractive homogeniser using N-BK7 glass can achieve higher optical efficiency (79%) compared to the reflective homogeniser (57.5%). In addition, the peak to average ratio of illumination at MJSCs for the reflective homogeniser ranges from 1.07 to 1.14, while for the refractive homogeniser, it ranges from 1.06 to 1.34, causing minimum effects on the electrical performance of the MJSCs. The novelty of this paper is the development of a high concentration CPV system that integrates multiple MJSCs with a uniform distribution of rays, unlike the conventional CPV systems that utilise a single concentrator onto a single MJSC. The optical efficiency of the CPV system was also examined using both the types of homogeniser (reflective and refractive).

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on the Feasibility of Using a Fresnel Lens as a Solar-Energy Collection System for Enhancing On-Orbit Power Generation Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Tae-Yong Park ◽  
Joo-Yong Jung ◽  
Hyun-Ung Oh
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Attitude Control ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Power Generation Performance

Cube satellites have a limitation for generating power because of their cubic structure and extremely small size. In addition, the incidence angle between the sun and the solar panels continuously varies owing to the revolution and rotation of the satellite according to the attitude control strategy. This angle is an important parameter for determining the power generation performance of the cube satellite. In this study, we performed an experimental feasibility study that uses a Fresnel lens as a solar-energy collection system for cube satellite applications, so that the power generation efficiency can be enhanced under the worst incidence angle condition between the sun and solar panels by concentrating and redirecting solar energy onto the solar panels with a commercial Fresnel lens. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, we conducted a power-measurement test using a solar simulator and Fresnel lenses at various angles to the light source. In addition, we predicted the on-orbit power-generation enhancement achieved by employing the solar-energy collection system with various attitude control strategies.

Two-Dimensional Mapping of Localized Characteristics of Concentrator Photovoltaic Module

2012 ◽  
Vol 725 ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
Hiroto Yano ◽  
Hirokazu Nagai ◽  
Kazuyuki Tamura ◽  
Kenji Araki ◽  
Kensuke Nishioka
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Solar Simulator ◽  
Tracking Errors ◽  
Irradiation Angle ◽  
Dimensional Mapping

For the development of concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) module realizing high efficiency, it is necessary to achieve the high efficiency optical system including Fresnel lens and homogenizer. For the improvement of optical systems, it is very important to understand the contribution of the light irradiated to a localized position on the Fresnel lens. The light beam induced current (LBIC) system was constructed to evaluate the focusing characteristic of the CPV module. We locally irradiated a light from solar simulator to the CPV mini-module and measured the generation current, and the localized characteristics were represented by two-dimensional mappings. Moreover, we evaluated the influence of tracking error by changing the irradiation angle. In the case of tracking errors, the peak of generated current was shifted and the current was decreased. In the case of tracking error of 1.0 o, the total generated current was reduced 12%, in comparison with the normal irradiance.

Cross-Coupling Controller for Five Degree-of-Freedom Coplanar Nanostage

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 1788-1793
Author(s):  
Van Tsai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tracking Control ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Creep Model ◽  
Contour Error ◽  
Viscoelastic Creep ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Optimization Parameters ◽  
Cross Coupling Control

The proposed approach is to design a tracking controller for five degree-of-freedom coplanar nanostage which can provide high precision applications. This study propose a viscoelastic creep model, it was modeled as a series connection of springs and dampers to describe the creep effect. Then, utilize a PI controller using Taguchi method to search the optimization parameters to suppress the tracking error. Finally, a cross-coupling control scheme is proposed to eliminate the contour error which is typical in dual-axes tracking control problem. The developed approaches are numerically and experimentally verified which demonstrate performance and applicability.

scholarly journals Wavefront Aberration Sensor Based on a Multichannel Diffractive Optical Element

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana N. Khonina ◽  
Sergey V. Karpeev ◽  
Alexey P. Porfirev
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Light Modulator ◽  
Optical Filter ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Diffractive Optical Element ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Wavefront Aberration ◽  
Zernike Polynomials ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
New Type

We propose a new type of a wavefront aberration sensor, that is, a Zernike matched multichannel diffractive optical filter, which performs consistent filtering of phase distributions corresponding to Zernike polynomials. The sensitivity of the new sensor is theoretically estimated. Based on the theory, we develop recommendations for its application. Test wavefronts formed using a spatial light modulator are experimentally investigated. The applicability of the new sensor for the fine-tuning of a laser collimator is assessed.

scholarly journals An analytic solution of full-sky spherical geometry for satellite relative motions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soung Sub Lee ◽  
Christopher D. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Relative Motion ◽  
Analytic Solution ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Closed Form Solution ◽  
Spherical Geometry ◽  
Form Solution ◽  
Geometrical Approach ◽  
Satellite Relative Motion ◽  
Modeling Accuracy ◽  
Spherical Triangles

AbstractHerein, an exact and efficient analytic solution for an unperturbed satellite relative motion was developed using a direct geometrical approach. The derivation of the relative motion geometrically interpreted the projected Keplerian orbits of the satellites on a sphere (Earth and celestial spheres) using the solutions of full-sky spherical triangles. The results were basic and computationally faster than the vector and plane geometry solutions owing to the advantages of the full-sky spherical geometry. Accordingly, the validity of the proposed solution was evaluated by comparing it with other analytic relative motion theories in terms of modeling accuracy and efficiency. The modeling accuracy showed an equivalent performance with Vadali’s nonlinear unit sphere approach, which is essentially equal to the Yan–Alfriend nonlinear theory. Moreover, the efficiency was demonstrated by the lowest computational cost compared with other models. In conclusion, the proposed modeling approach illustrates a compact and efficient closed-form solution for satellite relative motion dynamics.

New Quantitative Technique for Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) Spectrophotometry; Calibration of the “CIRCLE” ATR Device in the Infrared

1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1019-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Sperline ◽  
S. Muralidharan ◽  
H. Freiser
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Beam Focusing ◽  
General Method

A general method for spectroscopic determination of the incidence angle and number of reflections in ATR devices is described. This technique extends the inherent advantages of ATR by simplifying general quantitative spectroscopic measurements. Effects of polarization, beam focusing, errors of alignment, indices of refraction, handling of the optical elements, and surface activity of internal standard are discussed. Measured ATR absorbances are fitted mathematically with the use of incidence angle as a parameter. A standardizing solution, molar absorptivities for that solution, and knowledge of the dimensions of the internal reflection optical element are required. Application of the method to a cylindrical internal reflection (CIR) device gives the averaged incidence angle in the CIR with greater accuracy than is otherwise obtainable. With the use of a side-focusing Fourier transform spectrophotometer, the average incidence angle in the Spectra-Tech, Inc. “Micro-cell” “CIRCLE” CIR was 49.68 degrees ± 0.78%, and the number of solution-sensing internal reflections was 7.52 ± 1.95%.

scholarly journals Chocolate Terahertz Fresnel Lens

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Mateusz Surma ◽  
Paweł Komorowski ◽  
Maciej Neneman ◽  
Agnieszka Siemion
Keyword(s):  
Terahertz Spectroscopy ◽  
Complex Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Terahertz Waves ◽  
International Conference ◽  
3D Printed

Recent enormous development of 3D printing techniques gave the possibility of precise manufacturing of designed optical structures. This paper presents designing, manufacturing and the results obtained for chocolate Fresnel lens. Chocolate, similarly to wax, can be melted and used in the 3D printed form to create a terahertz (THz) optical element. Parameters of the chocolate lens are compared with the one made of wax. In simple applications both materials can be used as a cost-effective alternative for conventional optical materials used for THz range of radiation. Both lenses have been designed and compared for 140 GHz. Full Text: PDF ReferencesM. Naftaly, R.E. Miles, and P.J. Greenslade, "THz transmission in polymer materials — a data library", Joint 32nd International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves and the 15th International Conference on Terahertz Electronics, 819-820 (2007). CrossRef S. Firoozabadi, F. Beltran-Mejia, A. Soltani, D. Jahn, S.F. Busch, J.C. Balzer, and M. Koch, "THz transmission blazed grating made out of paper tissue", 42nd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), 1-2 (2017). CrossRef D. Headland, W. Withayachumnankul, M. Webb, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, A. Luiten, and D. Abbott, "Analysis of 3D-printed metal for rapid-prototyped reflective terahertz optics", Optics express 24(15), 17384-17396 (2016). CrossRef S.F. Busch, M. Weidenbach, M. Fey, F. Schäfer, T. Probst, and M. Koch, "Optical Properties of 3D Printable Plastics in the THz Regime and their Application for 3D Printed THz Optics", Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves 35(12), 993-997 (2014). CrossRef C. Jördens, and M. Koch, "Detection of foreign bodies in chocolate with pulsed terahertz spectroscopy", Optical Engineering 47(3), 037003 (2008). CrossRef A.D. Squires, E. Constable, and R.A. Lewis, "3D Printed Terahertz Diffraction Gratings And Lenses", Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves 36(1), 72-80 (2015). CrossRef W. D. Furlan, V. Ferrando, J. A. Monsoriu, P. Zagrajek, E. Czerwińska, and M. Szustakowski, "3D printed diffractive terahertz lenses", Optics letters 41(8), 1748-1751 (2016). CrossRef X. Wei, C. Liu, L. Niu, Z. Zhang, K. Wang, Z. Yang, and J. Liu, "Generation of arbitrary order Bessel beams via 3D printed axicons at the terahertz frequency range", Applied optics 54(36), 10641-10649 (2015). CrossRef S. Banerji, and B. Sensale-Rodriguez, "3D-printed diffractive terahertz optical elements through computational design", Micro-and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications XI 10982, 109822X, International Society for Optics and Photonics (2019). CrossRef M. Surma, I. Ducin, P. Zagrajek, and A. Siemion, "Sub-Terahertz Computer Generated Hologram with Two Image Planes", Applied Sciences 9(4), 659 (2019). CrossRef A. Siemion, P. Komorowski, M. Surma, I. Ducin, P. Sobotka, M. Walczakowski, and E. Czerwińska, "Terahertz diffractive structures for compact in-reflection inspection setup", Optics Express 28(1), 715-723 (2020). CrossRef E.R. Brown, J.E. Bjarnason, A.M. Fedor, and T.M. Korter, "On the strong and narrow absorption signature in lactose at 0.53THz", Applied Physics Letters 90(6), 061908 (2007). CrossRef M. Bernier, F. Garet, and J. L. Coutaz, "Determining the Complex Refractive Index of Materials in the Far-Infrared from Terahertz Time-Domain Data", Terahertz Spectroscopy-Cutting Edge Technology, Intech-Open Science (2017). CrossRef E.Hecht, Optics 5th global ed.(Boston, Pearson Education 2017). DirectLink

scholarly journals An Improved Sunflower-Inspired Solar Tracking Strategy for Maximizing Photovoltaic Panel Power Generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1756-1762
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Tracking Performance ◽  
Stepper Motor ◽  
Motor Current ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tracking Strategy

A previous study proposed a nature-inspired tracking strategy that mimics the solar tracking behavior of sunflowers driven by the light stimulus and the circadian clock. The approach delivered a good tracking performance with an average tracking error of 0.727° under clear, partly cloudy, and cloudy conditions. However, it incurred high tracking errors caused by false detection brought about by the abrupt changes in the amount of solar radiation during realignment. In addition, the scheme also maintained high stepper motor current consumption due to the use of a fixed stepping resolution. To address these issues, the previous tracking routine was modified to direct the search for the sun’s position to a range of calculated altitude angles where a fine-tuning process will be performed using current measurements and the adoption of a variable stepping resolution during panel reorientation. Experiments were conducted to measure the performance of the modifications in terms of tracking error, power generation, and stepper motor current consumption. A comparison of the performances between the previous and the modified approaches was done to assess the impact of the proposed improvement. The result of the comparison showed that the modifications significantly improved the overall tracking performance of the strategy.

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